If women are mercilessly exploited(剥削) year after year, they have only themselves to blame. Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores. Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion.
Changing fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste. Many women spend large sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn. Women who cannot afford to throw away clothing in this way, waste hours of their time changing their old-fashioned dresses. Skirts are lengthened or shortened; neck-lines are lowered or raised, and so on.
No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with necessary things like warmth, comfort and durability (耐用). They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort, as long as they look right. There can hardly be a man who hasn't at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day, or picking her way through deep snow in high heeled shoes.
When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion, the conclusions to be drawn are obvious. Do the constantly changing fashions of women's clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of inconstancy and instability? Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers. Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability(稳定耐用)? That is for you to decide.Designers and big stores always make money_________.
A．by mercilessly exploiting wome n workers in the clothing industry |
| B．because they are capable of predicting new fashions |
| C．by constantly changing the fashions in women’s clothing |
| D．because they attach great importance to quality in women’s clothing |
To the writer, the fact that women change their old-fashioned dresses is seen as ___________.
| A．a waste of money | B．a waste of time |
| C．an expression of taste | D．an expression of creativity |
New fashions in clothing are created for ___________.
| A．the commercial exploitation of women |
| B．the women’s strength of character |
| C．basic qualities of inconstancy and instability |
| D．an important contribution to society |
By saying “the conclusions to be drawn are obvious” (Line One to Line Two, Paragraph Four), the writer means that ___________.
| A．women’s inconstancy in their choice of clothing is often laughed at |
| B．women are better able to put up with discomfort |
| C．men are also exploited greatly by fashion designers |
| D．men are more reasonable in the matter of fashion |
In the early days of sea travel, seamen on long voyages lived exclusively on salted meat and biscuits. Many of them died of scurvy (坏血病), a disease of the blood which causes swollen gums, livid white spots on the flesh and general exhaustion. On one occasion, in 1535, an English ship arrived in Newfoundland with its crew desperately ill. The men´s lives were saved by Iroquois Indians who gave them vegetable leaves to eat. Gradually it came to be realized that scurvy was caused by some lack in the sailors´ diet and Captain Cook, on his long voyages of discovery to Australia and New Zealand, established the fact that scurvy could be warded off by the provision of fresh fruit for the sailors.
Nowadays it is understood that a diet which contains nothing harmful may yet result in serious disease if certain important elements are missing. These elements are called “vitamins”. Quite a number of such substances are known and they are given letters to identify them, A, B, C, D, and so on. Different diseases are associated with deficiencies of particular vitamins. Even a slight lack of Vitamin C, for example, the vitamin most plentiful in fresh fruit and vegetables, is thought to increase significantly our susceptibility (敏感度) to colds and influenza.
The vitamins necessary for a healthy body are normally supplied by a good mixed diet, including a variety of fruit and green vegetables. It is only when people try to live on a very restricted diet, say during extended periods of religious fasting (斋戒), or when trying to lose weight, that it is necessary to make special provision to supply the missing vitamins.
51. Scurvy is a disease that is provoked by ____
A. salted meat and biscuits B. exhaustion
C. want of some essential substances D. lack of fresh vegetables and fruits
52. In the last sentence of Paragraph 1, “warded off” could probably be replaced by____.
A. got rid of B. killed C. avoided D. cleared away
53. To avoid such disease as scurvy, it´s better for us ____.
A. not to eat much salted meat
B. to supplement our diet with various vitamin pills
C. to have more fresh fruit and vegetables
D. to develop a good dietary habit
54. Based on the passage we can safely conclude that if our diet is not comprehensive enough ____.
A. vitamin pills are of no avail
B. nutritious food might be unhealthy
C. vegetable leaves can be a good remedy
D. religious fasting may help out a lot
55. Which of the following sentences best expresses the central ideal of the passage?
A. Deficiencies of Vitamin C may cause serious diseases.
B. Fresh fruit and green vegetables contain enough nutrition that is necessary for a healthy body.
C. Vitamins play a vitally important role in people´s health.
D. A good mixed diet normally supplies sufficient vitamins for us.
The exact number of English words is not known. The large dictionaries have over half a million entries, but many of these are compound words (schoolroom, sugar bowl) or different derivatives of the same word (rare—rarely, rarefy), and a good many are obsolete words to help us read older literature. Dictionaries do not attempt to cover completely words that we can draw on: the informal vocabulary, especially slang, localism, the terms of various occupations and professions; words use only occasionally by scientists and specialists in many fields; foreign words borrowed for use in English; or many new words or new senses of words that come into use every year and that may or may not be used long enough to warrant being included. It would be conservative to say that there are over a million English words that any of us might meet in our listening and reading and that we may draw on in our speaking and writing.
Professor Seashore concluded that firstgraders enter school with at least 2,000 words and add 5,000 each year so that they leave high school with at least 80,000. These figures are for recognition vocabulary, the words we understand when we read or hear them. Our active vocabulary, the words we use in speaking and writing, is considerably smaller.
You cannot always produce a word exactly when you want it. But consciously using the words you recognize in reading will help get them into your active vocabulary. Occasionally in your reading pay particular attention to these words, especially when the subject is one that you might well write or talk about. Underline or make a list of words that you feel a need for and look up the less familiar ones in a dictionary. And then before very long find a way to use some of them.
Once you know how they are pronounced and what they stand for, you can safely use them.
46. In the author´s estimation, there are ____ words in English.
A. more than half a million B. at least 24,000
C. at least 80,000 D. more than a million
47. The word “obsolete” most probably means ____.
A. no longer in use B. profound C. colorful or amusing D. common
48. One´s recognition vocabulary is ____.
A. less often used than his active vocabulary
B. smaller than his active vocabulary
C. as large as his active vocabulary
D. much larger than his active vocabulary
49. The author does not suggest getting recognition vocabulary into active vocabulary by ____.
A. making a list of words you need and looking up the new ones in a dictionary
B. everyday spending half an hour study the dictionary
C. consciously using the words you recognize in reading
D. trying to use the words you recognize
50. From this passage we learn that ____.
A. dictionaries completely cover the words we can make use of
B. “schoolroom” is used in the passage as an example of a specialized term
C. once you know how a word is pronounced and what it represents, you have turned it into your active word
D. active vocabulary refers to words we understand when we read and hear them
III阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从41~55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。
“Family” is of course an elastic word. But when British people say that theirsociety is based on family life, they are thinking of “family” in its narrow, peculiarly European sense of mother, father and children living together alone in their own house as an economic and social unit. Thus, every British marriage indicates the beginning of a new and independent family—hence the tremendous importance of marriage in British life. For both the man and the woman, marriage means leaving one´s parents and starting one´s own life. The man´s first duty will then beto his wife, and the wife´s to her husband. He will be entirely responsible for her financial support, and she for the running of the new home. Their children willbe their common responsibility and theirs alone. Neither the wife´s parents northe husband´s, nor their brothers or sisters, aunts or uncles, have any right to interfere with them—they are their own masters.
Readers of novels like Jane Austen´s Pride and Prejudice will know that in former times marriage among wealthy families were arranged by the girl´s parents, that is, it was the parents´ duty to find a suitable husband for their daughter, preferably a rich one, and by skillful encouragement to lead him eventually to asktheir permission to marry her. Until that time, the girl was protected and maintained in the parents´ home, and the financial relief of getting rid of her could be seen in their giving the newly married pair a sum of money called a dowry. It is very different today. Most girls of today get a job when they leave school andbecome financially independent before their marriage. This has had two results. Agirl chooses her own husband, and she gets no dowry.
41. What does the author mean by “Family is of course an elastic word”?
A.Different families have different ways of life.
B. Different definitions could be given to the word.
C. Different nations have different families.
D.Different times produce different families.
42. For an English family, the husband´s duty is ____.
A. supporting the family while the wife is financial
B. defending the family while the wife is running the home
C. financial while the wife is running the home
D. independent while the wife is dependent
43. Everything is decided in a family ____.
A.by the coupleB. with the help of their parents
C. by brothers and sistersD. with the help of aunts and uncles
44. What is true concerning the book Pride and Prejudice?
A. It is the best book on marriage.
B. It is a handbook of marriage.
C. It gives quite some idea of English social life in the past.
D. It provides a lot of information of formertime wealthy families.
45.With regard to marriage in Britain, present-day girls differ from former time girls in ____.
A. the right marry B. more parental support
C. choosing husbands D. social position
A new study by a Penn State College of Medicine research team found that honey is a better and safer treatment for children than cough medicines.
Ian Paul, the study’s lead researcher, was motivated to test honey because treating coughs in children has recently become a sticky subject. Coughing is the body’s way of clearing irritated (受刺激的) airways to help you breathe. But too much coughing can irritate your lungs and throat even more. It can also make it tough to get the sleep your body needs to heal. Hoping to ease the suffering of their children, parents often give them cough medicines.
But there have never been any good studies showing that they work. Cough and cold medicines may also cause serious side effects. Hundreds of kids die in the hospital each year after receiving too much cough medicine by mistake. Last October, the US Food and Drug Administration suggested that parents should not give cough medicines to children under 6.
In order to search for a different solution, Paul designed a study that involved 105 kids who were sick with coughs and other cold conditions. At bedtime, the kids took buckwheat (荞麦) honey, honey-flavored (蜂蜜味的) DM (one of the most common ingredients in cough medicines)
, or no treatment. Parents and kids in the no-
-treatment group knew they weren’t getting anything, but the other two groups weren’t told which treatment they were getting.
The surveys showed that kids who swallowed about 2 teaspoons of buckwheat honey before bedtime coughed less and slept better than kids in the other groups. “When parents want something for their kids to take,” Paul says, “honey seems like the best option”.
But what gives honey its healing power? Substances called antioxidants (抗氧化剂) may be
part of the answer. All honey contains antioxidants that protect our cells from damage. Studies show that antioxidant levels in the body rise after someone swallows honey.
68. Which of the following can be the best title for this passage?
A. No cough medicines to children
B. Sweet solution to kids’ coughing
C. Best treatment for your cold
D. Cough medicines don’t work
69. We can learn from Paragraph 2 that coughing ______.
A. sometimes does good to people
B. can cure lung and throat diseases
C. is more harmful to children
D. helps improve children’s diet
70. During Paul’s experiment, the kids who received treatment ______.
A. seemed much worse than before
B. knew they weren’t getting anything
C. coughed less and slept better
D. had no idea what they swallowed
I once heard someone say, “We don’t remember days; we remember moments.” However, in today’s busy life we often forget to enjoy small pleasures while we make big plans.
In the race to be better or best, we sometimes lose sight of “just being”. And just being and enjoying a beautiful moment can provide some of life’s greatest pleasures. A fire on a cold winter night, a good book, an impressive sunset, a great meal, or a timeless moment with your child or a friend ．．． these moments, if we stop long enough to enjoy, are the essence (本质) of life.
I love to fish, especially for large-mouth bass (鲈鱼). About three years ago I was watching television late at night and got this crazy idea to go fishing in the lake behind my house. Of course, my wife thought I was nuts. It was almost midnight! I told her I was fine and took off.
I walked out to a warm summer breeze and looked up at the starry sky and breatht
aking full moon. I allowed my senses to soak (浸泡) in every second — the sweet smell of flowers, the sound of every cricket (蟋蟀), the moon’s reflection dancing off the water — it was a perfect night.
After walking across a small field, I took out a flashlight, and selected a lure (饵). On my first cast I got a bass weighing over five pounds, one of the largest I had ever caught. I gently put it back into the water and 
continued my midnight adventure. During the next two hours I caught seventeen bass, all between two and five pounds. Although I’ve fished for almost fifty years, no fishing memory can top that night.
But that night provided far more than a fishing memory. It was a life memory. It provided me a picture of what life could be like if I just slowed down enough to enjoy the moments. On my way back to the house, as I walked through the tall grass, I took one last look at the sky and stopped to say, “Thank you, God, for giving me this night.”
64. The purpose of the passage is to ______.
A. suggest people should make big plans
B. tell people to do what they like
C. advise people to enjoy beautiful moments
D. encourage people to follow their dreams
65. What does the underlined word “nuts” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Determined. B. Ill. C. Tired. D. Crazy.
66. The fourth paragraph is mainly about ______.
A. the description of the night
B. the author’s fishing experience
C. the author’s attitude towards life
D. what the author did that night
67. We can learn from the passage that night the author ______.
A. caught fewer fish than before
B. enjoyed real small pleasures
C. went to bed around 1:00 am
D. went fishing with his wife