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Africa is a very diverse land with many different tribes. One tradition that many of these groups share is painting or marking their bodies and faces in color. They do this for many reasons. Some marks are used to identify people as part of a group.____ 1____ Let’s look at some different examples of body painting.
____2_______ Among the Masai of East Africa, when men are old enough to marry and make decisions for their people, they participate in a special ceremony in which they paint their heads and faces red. This ceremony take place every seven to fourteen years, so there is not an exact age for participating in it. The Samburu, also from East Africa, like to paint their faces and hair red because they think it looks attractive.
______3________ To show that he has killed a lion, a man will paint his body with a natural white material, making special marks to represent this accomplishment. The Masai men also use this white to show that they are on longer boys and are considered adults.
One quite unusual example of face painting is done by the Wodaabe people of West Africa. Once a year, they have a beauty contest for men. ___4_________ Then they add white and black circles and lines. Black paint is used near the eyes and on the lips to draw attention to the whiteness of their eyes and teeth, which the Wodaabe consider most beautiful.____ 5_________.
As you travel, enjoy the beautiful and bright colors of Africa.
| A．Red is the common color in body painting because it often represents health and long life. |
| B．Other marks are used for ceremonies such as weddings and during times of war. |
| C．The ceremony expresses hope for rain. |
| D．The Masai men also have a unique way of showing that they are brave. |
E. The women then decide which man they like best.
F. The men pretend to fight each other.
G. The men paint their faces yellow and red.
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What is your favourite colour? Do you like yellow, orange, red? . Do you prefer greys and blues? Then you are probably quiet, shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You tend to be pessimist(悲观主义者). At least, this is what psychologists tell us, and they should know, because they have been seriously studying the meaning of colour preference, as well as the effect that colours have on human beings.
. If you happen to love brown, you did so, as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly.
. A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one; and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day.
. A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, used to be the scene of more suicides(自杀) than any other bridge in the area---until it was repainted green. The number of suicide attempts immediately fell sharply. Perhaps it would have fallen even more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue.
. It is an established fact that factory workers work better, harder, and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black or grey.
| A．On the other hand, black is depressing. |
| B．They tell us, among other facts, that we do not choose our favourite colour as grow up --- we are born with our preference. |
| C．The rooms are painted in different colours as you like. |
| D．If you do, you must be an optimist(乐观主义者), a leader, an active person who enjoys life, people and excitement. |
E. Light and bright colours make people not only happier but more active.
F. Life is like a picture or a poem, full of different colours.
G. Colours do influence our moods---there is no doubt about it
How to Keep Your Job for a Long Time
Work Hard.
Many bosses don’t mind you spending a little time on some little things，but they do focus on your job attitude and the wealth you can create for this company. When it comes to making layoff decisions，the company will also choose the most productive employees to keep the job instead of the workers who are always late to work，leave early every day and do nothing important to the company.________
Be a Team Player.________As an employee，you should work in a team with others，and learn from others. You should get along well with others.
Be Flexible.________When the company needs someone to change shifts，work weekends，put in some overtime，or work a different schedule，you can think about it if your personal schedule permits.
________
You should be making yourself available to take on some additional tasks or help with projects that you might not have otherwise had to do. Maybe there is no additional pay，but it is also very helpful to increase your own value. Maybe due to this additional help，your boss begins to take advantage of you and give you more important work.
Don’t Complain.
If you don’t like your job，I can guarantee there are plenty of other people who would jump at the chance to get it. You should be really careful about complaining._______
| A．Or your job security may be indirectly affected. |
| B．You should not gossip about other workers. |
| C．Make Yourself Available. |
| D．So you should remember to work hard. |
E．Team spirit is an important quality for everyone.
F．Flexibility is a very important component to your job.
G．You become someone that they can rely on.
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More perhaps than any other European nation, the Swiss are accustomed to looking after foreign travelers. As early as the 18th century, wealthy French, Germans and Italians were treating the country as a amusement center. __________. Today, it attracts visitors from all over the world.
The Swiss are clear about the importance of tourism to their economy, which contributes about eight percent of Gross National Product, and helps the industry greatly. __________ , and a generally high standard can be expected from the great majority of the country's hotels, most of which are small and pride themselves on a personalized service. _____
_____. Both the Swiss Federal railways and the private railways are fully electrified, and the total network is made up of about 5000 kilometers of track.
Under the Fly Baggage system passengers can check luggage in at 116 railway stations and have it automatically carried to their flight. The national highway system is equally well planned, and the mountain roads offer views of some of the country's most breathtaking scenery. Also serving the mountains is an effective system of railways and cable ways, while more than 160 passenger cars cross the lakes and rivers to and fro. __________. For those who want to view the country from a height without having to climb the mountain themselves, it is always possible to take in the view from a balloon.
__________ . For lovers of ancient remains, the Bernese Mitelland offers magnificently preserved buildings of the Middle Ages, while the Bernese Oberland has some of the wrold's most attractive mountain scenery.
| A．Modern means of transportations are under construction. |
| B．Public transport is the best in Europe. |
| C．In cultural terms, the Swiss capital in many respects is Montreux, on the shores of Lake Geneva. |
| D．Hiking in the mountains is equally popular with Swiss nationals and foreign visitors. |
E. For travellers of different kinds, Switzerland has different capitals.
F. Managers of hotels the world over go to Switzerland to learn how to do the job
G. However, in the 19th century, it became the major holiday playground for the British nobles.
Curiosity is an important characteristic of a genius. You can’t find an intellectual giant who is not a curious person.This is necessary if you are to have a curious mind. Some things you know and believe might be wrong, and you should be prepared to accept things you don’t know or you don’t quite agree on.
If you just accept the world as it is, you will certainly lose your “curiosity”. Try to discover what is beneath(在…下面) the surfaces of things around you.
Ask questions from time to time. A sure way to discover what is beneath the surface is by asking questions: What is that? Why does it make that way? How does it work? And so on.
See learning as something that is fun. If you see learning as a burden, it will just make the burden heavier. But if you can find learning interesting, it will open another door.
Read different kinds of reading materials. Don’t spend too much time on just one subject.It will introduce you to other possibilities that may interest you.
| A．Search for ideas to write about. |
| B．So make an effort to enjoy the learning process. |
| C．Discuss your ideas with other people. |
| D．Feed your mind with interesting facts about different subjects. |
E. Keep an open mind.
F. It is the simplest way for curious people to increase their knowledge.
G. Try to look into the things.
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Are you truly happy? Do you ever know what it means to be happy and what it takes to achieve happiness?_____. The following are a few tips that I follow to create happiness in my life.
Make a plan for attaining goals that you believe will make you happy. Your moods will very likely increase if you are going after something you value.
Surround yourself with happy people. It is easy to begin to think negatively when you are surrounded by people who think that way. ______.
When something goes wrong, try to figure out a solution instead of being absorbed in self pity. Truly happy people don’t allow setbacks to affect their mood because they know that with a little thought they can turn the circumstances back to their favor.
___. These few minutes will give you the opportunity to focus on the positive things in your life and will lead you to continuous happiness.
. Whether you treat yourself to lunch, take a long, relaxing bath or simply spend a few extra minutes on your appearance, you will be subconsciously (下意识地) putting yourself in a better mood.
Finding the humor in situations can also lead to happiness. Find a way to make light of a situation that would otherwise make you happy.
Keeping healthy is another way to achieve happiness. .
| A．What makes one person happy may be very different from what makes someone else happy. |
| B．On the contrary, if you are around people who are happy, their emotional state will be infectious. |
| C．Being overweight or not eating nutritious foods can have a negative effect on your mood． |
| D．These are important questions for anyone who is seeking happiness to ask themselves. |
E．Spend a few minutes each day thinking about the things that make you happy.
F．There are some tips in life that lead to happiness.
G．It’s also important to take some time each day to do something nice for yourself.