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Long before the white man came to the America, the land belonged to the American Indian nations, The nation of the Cherokees lived in what is now the southeastern part of the United States.
After the white man came, the Cherokees copied many of their ways. One Cherokee named Sequoyah saw how important reading and writing was to the white man. He decided to invent a way to write down the spoken Cherokee language. He began by making word pictures. For each word he drew a picture. But that proved impossible; there were just too many words. Then he took the 85 sounds that made up the language. Using his own imagination and an English spelling book, Sequoyah invented a sign for each sound. His alphabet proved amazingly easy to learn. Before long, many Cherokees knew how to read and write in their own language. By 1828, they were even printing their own newspaper.
In 1830, the US congress passed a law. It allowed the government to remove Indians from their lands. The Cherokees refused to go. They had lived on their lands for centuries. It belonged to them. Why should they go to a strange land far beyond the Mississippi River?
The army was sent to drive the Cherokees out. Soldiers surrounded their villages and marched them at gunpoint into the western territory. The sick, the old and the small children went in carts, along with their belongings. The rest of the people marched on foot or rode on horseback. It was November, yet many of them still wore their summer clothes. Cold and hungry, the Cherokees were quickly exhausted by the hardships of journey. Many dropped dead and were buried by the roadside. When the last group arrived in their new home in March 1839, more than 4000 had died. It was in deed a march of death.
The Cherokee Nation used to live____________.

A.on the American continent B.in the southeastern part of the US
C.beyond the Mississippi River D.in the western territory

One of the ways that Sequoyah copied from the white man is the way of__________.

A.writing down the spoken language B.making word pictures
C.teaching his people reading D.printing their own newspaper

A law was passed in 1830 to__________.

A.allow the Cherokees to stay where they were
B.send the army to help the Cherokees
C.force the Cherokees to move westward
D.forbid the Cherokees to read their newspaper

When the Cherokees began to leave their lands, __________.

A.they went in carts B.they went on horseback
C.they marched on foot D.all of the above

Many Cherokees died on their way to their new home mainly because________.

A.they were not willing to go there
B.the government did not provide transportation
C.they did not have enough food and clothes
D.the journey was long and boring
科目 英语   题型 阅读理解   难度 中等
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Staying silent can be just as powerful as the words you mean to say, like when the act of hugging will be more comforting than saying, “Sorry for your loss.”
Another time when silence is golden is when you are unsure of what to say. If you are confused about your own feelings concerning a matter, it’s best to stay quiet until you are more certain because more harm can be done by revealing false or exaggerated feelings.
Choose silence instead of blurting out ‘in-the-moment’ feelings that are hurtful and not really how you feel in the grand scheme of things. When you feel the urge to say an unkind thing, take a few breaths and think of the possible consequences of your words.
Silence can be your best friend during negotiations. Say your piece, then close your mouth, and let the other person come to their own conclusions. Your silence shows that one, you are confident in what you just said, and two, you respect the other person enough to hear what they have to say.
Sometimes silence is the best and most timely solution because the other person is not in a position to hear what you have to say. For example, when a friend needs for you to listen to her problems, but she is unable to accept your advice at that moment.
Practice being silent at work when you don’t have anything meaningful to contribute. Unless you can elevate the conversation by pointing out something interesting, missing, or beneficial, it’s best to just observe and learn.
Finally, silence is golden when you don’t want to engage in a fool’s argument. As some squabbles(口角) will never be resolved, one must agree to disagree.
However, there will be times in your life where you will need the power of your voice, the voice within you that wants and needs to be respected and appreciated.
The passage mainly tells us about ________.

A.when to stay silent
B.why to stay silent
C.how to stay silent
D.whether or not to stay silent

What is the best to do during negotiation?

A.Grasp every chance to say more than the other
B.Close your mouth and just listen to the other
C.Keep silent after expressing yourself
D.Speak out your own points and discuss with others

What does the underlined word “elevate” most probably mean?

A.start B.conclude C.interrupt D.cancel

To follow this passage, the writer is likely to continue telling about________.

A.the power of your voice
B.the occasions when you should speak up
C.the advantages of speaking up
D.the disadvantages of staying silent

China may be the world’s largest market for e-bikes, but Europe is fast catching up. The EU’s official statistics agency says the figure reached the one million e-bike mark two years ago, and sales have sharply increased since then.
When working errands (差事) around Berlin, Lutz, who usually works with horses, uses the company’s new e-bike that charges easily and has a range of 140 kilometers. “We found there was no parking spot problem or other worries. And on top of all this, we don’t pollute the environment. Petrol is also saved,” said Lutz Baddack, owner of Reitsport Baddack.
Unlike many other parts of the world, the EU does not require registration (登记) for e-bikes. Nearly half a million are expected to be sold in Germany this year, in all shapes and sizes.
It’s not just bike fans buying them. People who usually drive cars also use them occasionally,” said Stefan Gelbhaar.
Dealers say the elderly are also big customers. Sales of ordinary bicycles fell in Germany last year, but sales of e-bikes rose by eight percent. Sales figures are expected to keep rising. “In five years we will have the market share of 20 percent, maybe more,” said Marcus Kendler, owner of E-Motion. In the hillier parts, that figure has already been beyond it.
The sales of e-bikes in Germany have been much larger than those in any other country in Europe. But other countries are fast catching up. In Europe, with the various brands at the market and falling prices, e-bikes are here to stay and not just a repeated trend.
In Germany the sales of e-bikes _________.

A.have been the biggest in Europe
B.have been larger than in China
C.reached one million two years ago
D.have taken up 20% of the market

Which of the following is NOT the benefit of using e-bikes?

A.The users needn’t worry about parking spots.
B.It’s environmentally friendly and saves petrol.
C.The users are not required to register worldwide.
D.It charges easily and runs far without charging.

From the passage we know that e-bikes are preferred by those _________.

A.who work with horses
B.who usually drive cars
C.who are out on business
D.who live in the hillier parts

It can be inferred from the passage that _________.

A.the popularity of e-bikes in Europe will be lasting
B.in Europe there are various brands of e-bikes on sale
C.e-bikes will replace ordinary bicycles in only five years
D.Europe will become the world’s largest market of e-bikes

My Left Foot (1989)
Imagine being a prisoner of your own body, unable to make any movements except to move your left foot. The main character in My Left Foot, based on the real story of cerebral palsy (大脑性麻痹) sufferer Christy Brown, can barely move his mouth to speak, but by controlling his left foot, he’s able to express himself as an artist and poet. For his moving performance of Brown, Daniel Lewis won his first Academy Award for best actor.
Shine (1996)
Do you have a talent you’re afraid to share with the world? David Helfgott seemed meant from childhood to be “one of the truly great pianists,” but the pressures of performing (and pleasing his father) resulted in a complete breakdown. Ten years in a mental institution didn’t weaken Helfgott’s musical gift: When he was rediscovered, he was playing concertos in a bar. Shine received seven Oscar nominations (提名), and Geoffrey Rush won best actor for his performance of Helfgott.
Life Is Beautiful (1997)
Nothing’s more powerful than the love between a parent and a child. In this heartbreaking Italian film, a father (Roberto Benigni) makes an unbelievable sacrifice for his 4-year-old son: trapped in a Nazi concentration camp in 1945, the Jewish man convinces his boy that they are playing a complicated game. He manages to spare him the horror of the terrible war, and even in his final moments of life, keeps his son smiling and hopeful. Benigni won the best actor Oscar.
Stand and Deliver (1988)
Few people can inspire us more than a good teacher. Jaime Escalante (Edward James Olmos got Oscar nomination for best actor) is a great one. Employed at a high school where kids are expected to fail, Escalante challenges his math students to struggle for better things, like getting good grades in the AP exam. Despite the obstacles in their lives, the classmates accomplish their goals, thanks to Mr. Escalante’s support. The real Jaime Escalanteis, the Best Teacher in America, says that Stand and Deliver is “90% truth, 10% drama.”

The underlined part in the passage means _________.

A.The main character in My Left Foot is a prisoner
B.The main character in My Left Foot is trapped by others
C.The main character in My Left Foot is a disabled person
D.The main character in My Left Foot can’t control his whole body

If you want to watch a movie about wars, which may be one of your choices?

A.My Left Foot. B.Shine.
C.Life Is Beautiful. D.Stand and Deliver.

What do the four movies have in common?

A.They are all based on real stories.
B.They are all inspiring stories that make a difference.
C.The main characters all won Academy Award for Best Actor.
D.The main characters are all sick to some degree but succeed.

Taking photographs at a birthday or a wedding has become as natural as blowing out candles or cutting the cake. But our obsession with recording every detail of our happiest moments could be damaging our ability to remember them, according to new research. A study has shown that taking pictures rather than concentrating fully on the events in front of us prevents memories taking hold.
Dr. Linda Henkel, from Fairfield University, Connecticut, described it as the "photo-taking impairment effect". She said: "People so often pull out their cameras almost mindlessly to capture a moment, to the point where they are missing what is happening right in front of them. When people rely on technology to remember for them—counting on the camera to record the event and thus not needing to attend to it fully themselves—it can have a negative impact on how well they remember their experiences."
Dr Henkel and her team carried out an experiment in a museum, to learn if taking pictures of the exhibits was hindering the ability of visitors to remember what they had seen.
A group of university students were led on a tour at the Bellarmine Museum of Art at Fairfield University and were asked to either photograph or try and remember objects on display. The next day their memory was tested. The results showed that people were less accurate in recognizing the objects they had photographed than those they had only looked at. It was found that their memory for the details of the objects they had photographed was poorer.
Henkel's lab is currently investigating whether the content of a photo, such as whether you are in it, affects later memory. She is also researching whether actively choosing what to photograph might influence what we remember.
Previous research suggests that reviewing photos we have taken does help us remember the objects, but only if we take the time.
"Research has suggested that the sheer volume and lack of organization of digital photos for personal memories discourages many people from accessing and recalling them. In order to remember, we have to access and interact with the photos, rather than just collect them," said Dr Henkel.
What does the word “them”, in the first paragraph, refer to?

A.Gifts at a birthday.
B.People who go to parties.
C.Photos taken at a wedding.
D.Details of the happiest moments.

What is the “photo-taking impairment effect”?

A.Some unhappy events may impair the effects of photos.
B.Taking photographs of objects ruins one’s memory of them.
C.The effects of photos are strongly affected by bad cameras.
D.Memories last forever when people take the photos they like most.

What can we learn about Dr. Linda Henkel’s study?

A.A group of high school students were involved.
B.The memory of participants was tested the following week.
C.People who just looked at the objects remembered fewer details.
D.People who photographed objects were worse at recognizing them.

With which of the following may Dr. Linda Henkel agree?

A.Reviewing photos improves memories of objects.
B.Focusing on people at events is the best way to remember.
C.Relying on technology to remember affects the memory.
D.Counting on cameras to record events is always reliable.

The passage is probably taken from________.

A.a health magazine B.a cultural overview
C.an economics report D.an entertainment website

Are you a high school student who loves to be outdoors and is eager to experience new challenges, learn new skills and meet new people? Learn all about the world of building and maintaining hiking trails, and experience it in a safe, teamwork-oriented environment in various locations across the state. WTA offers first-time participants country trips and returning students have the option to go on trips in the back country(边远地区).
Front Country Trips
Our front country trips provide opportunities for people to experience projects near the ocean, in the scenic Cascade Mountains and in northeast Washington. All our trips provide you with experienced crew leaders, a great project, some camping tents, sleeping bags and all your meals for the week.
Advanced Back Country Trips
On these trips you will be backpacking to the work site and will have a chance to advance your trail and leadership skills under the supervision of a WTA crew leader. Approval from a previous crew leader is necessary.
Trip Details
In 2014, trip fees for WTA members will be $195 for the first trip and $145 for each additional trip. Non-members will pay an additional $40 for their first trip and can be qualified to be members in the second trip. There will be a $30 cancellation fee for cancellations more than 30 days prior to the trip, and no refund for cancellations less than 30 days prior to the trip. Due to the popularity of our trips, please submit your payment and application within two weeks of signing up for a trip. If a trip is full and you would like to be added to the waiting list, please call us at 206/625-1367 or email trail_teams@wta.org.
Scholarships
We believe no student should have to stay at home this summer because he or she can’t afford to go outside. Thanks to donations from members and supporters, WTA is proud to announce that we are able to offer a limited number of scholarships. Application deadline: March 1, 2014.
2014 Youth Volunteer Vacation
You must be 14 to 18 years old to go on one of our Youth Volunteer Vacations. We always recommend that volunteers go on a one-day trip before attending a Youth Vacation to understand what the work will be like for a week.
If you are going on one of the trips for the first time, you can’t go on trips ________.

A.near the ocean
B.in the back country
C.in the Cascade Mountains
D.in northeast Washington

How much will you have to pay for your second trip if you’re not a WTA member?

A.$145 B.$185 C.$195 D.$235

After choosing a trip, you ________.

A.will naturally become a WTA member
B.can cancel your trip and get all your money back
C.will be added to the waiting list
D.must submit your payment and application within two weeks

You must be lucky enough to obtain a scholarship if you ________.

A.apply before March 1, 2014
B.donate a little money to WTA
C.support WTA by advertising
D.volunteer in your high school

From the text we can learn that 2014 Youth Volunteer Vacations ______.

A.will be the last activity of the year
B.are more popular than people say
C.are open only to 14-to18-year-olds
D.offer a one-day trip for training

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