THIS was the year the Earth struck back.
Earthquakes, heat waves, floods, volcanoes, super typhoons, snow storms, landslides and droughts killed at least a quarter of a million people in 2010 – the deadliest year in more than a generation. More people were killed worldwide by natural disasters this year than have been killed in terrorism attacks in the past 40 years combined.
"It just seemed like it was back-to-back and it came in waves," said Craig Fugate, who heads the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency. It handled a record number of disasters in 2010.
And we have ourselves to blame most of the time, scientists and disaster experts say.
Even though many catastrophes have the ring of random chance, the hand of man made this a particularly deadly, costly, extreme and weird(古怪的) year for everything from wild weather to earthquakes.
Poor construction and development practices conspire to make earthquakes more deadly than they need be. More people live in poverty in vulnerable(脆弱的) buildings in crowded cities. That means that when the ground shakes, the river breaches, or the tropical cyclone hits, more people die.
Disasters from the Earth, such as earthquakes and volcanoes "are pretty much constant," said Andreas Schraft, vice president of catastrophic perils for the Geneva-based insurance giant Swiss Re. "All the change that's made is man-made."
The January earthquake that killed well more than 220,000 people in Haiti is a perfect example. Port-au-Prince has nearly three times as many people - many of them living in poverty - and more poorly built shanties than it did 25 years ago. So had the same quake hit in 1985 instead of 2010, total deaths would have probably been in the 80,000 range, said Richard Olson, director of disaster risk reduction at Florida International University.
In February, an earthquake that was more than 500 times stronger than the one that struck Haiti hit an area of Chile that was less populated, better constructed, and not as poor. Chile's bigger quake caused fewer than 1,000 deaths.
Climate scientists say Earth's climate also is changing, bringing extreme weather, such as heat waves and flooding.
In the summer, one weather system caused oppressive heat in Russia, while farther south it caused flooding in Pakistan that inundated 161,200 square kilometers, about the size of Wisconsin. That single heat-and-storm system killed almost 17,000 people, more people than all the worldwide airplane crashes in the past 15 years.
Scientists have calculated that the killer Russian heat wave—setting a national record of 43.9℃—would happen once every 100,000 years without global warming.What is responsible for the most human deaths in 2010?
A.Natrual disasters. | B.Terrorist attacks. |
C.Poor buildings. | D.Too rapid developrnent. |
According to Andreas Schraft, .
A.earthquakes are happening more often because of human beings |
B.earthquakes are causing more damage because of human beings |
C.stronger houses should be built to limit storm damage |
D.Port—au—Prince is now overpopulated |
The main point of the article is to
A.list the natural disasters that occurred in 2010 |
B.give the details of some natural disasters of 2010 |
C.warn that more natural disasters are to strike |
D.blame humanity for not helping those affected by the disasters |
It was one of the hottest days of the dry season. We had not seen rain in almost a month. The crops were dying. Cows had stopped giving milk. The streams were long gone back into the earth. If we didn't see some rain soon we would lose everything.
I was in the kitchen making lunch for my husband and his brothers when I saw my six-year-old son, Billy, walking toward the woods. He was obviously walking with a great effort... trying to be as still as possible. Minutes after he disappeared into the woods, he came running out again, toward the house.
Moments later, however, he was once again walking in that slow purposeful long step toward the woods. This activity went on for over an hour: walking cautiously to the woods, then running back to the house. Finally, my curiosity got the best of me. I crept out of the house and followed him on his journey.
He was cupping both hands in front of him as he walked; being very careful not to spill the water he held in them. Branches and thorns slapped his little face but he did not try to avoid them. He had a much greater purpose. As I leaned in to spy on him, I saw the most amazing site.
Several large deer appeared threatening in front of him. But Billy walked right up to them. I almost screamed for him to get away. And I saw a baby deer lying on the ground, obviously suffering from heavy loss of water and heat exhaustion, lift its head with great effort to lap up the water cupped in my beautiful boy's hand.
I stood on the edge of the woods watching the most beautiful heart I have ever known working so hard to save a life. As the tears that rolled down my face began to hit the ground, they were suddenly joined by other drops... and more drops... and more. I looked up at the sky. It was as if God, Himself, was weeping with pride. Which of the following statements is Not True according to the passage?
A.Rain was in great need. |
B.There were few trees in the woods. |
C.Billy carried water with his small hands. |
D.Billy walked into the woods and then returned over and over again. |
What Billy did mainly showed that he was _____.
A.caring | B.beautiful | C.childlike | D.brave |
Which is the correct order of the development of the story?
①The author was moved to tears.
②Billy fed the water to the baby deer.
③Billy walked towards the large deer.
④It began to rain.
⑤The author followed Billy into the woods.
A.③②⑤①④ | B.④①③⑤ | C.⑤③②①④ | D.⑤②①③④ |
At the end of the story, the author might experience different feelings Except that _____
A.Billy was a pride. |
B.God was touched by Billy's activity. |
C.it was worthwhile to have given birth to Billy. |
D.the rain should have dropped earlier. |
Man is the most intelligent animal created by God because God has given him language which other animals do not have. Communication makes life extremely convenient and easy. Language plays a very important role in life as any emotion can be easily and effectively conveyed (传递) through language to anyone. But all this is applicable and beneficial only to human beings. What about animals? How do they communicate with each other?
We all know that animals do not have the ability to use language as a medium for communication. But they do have other means of conveying messages to other animals, of which use of body language is the most important one. The messages can be of many types like conveying food location, danger alarms, appreciation of good deeds like helping other animals in dangerous situations, etc. There are two main types of communication in animals: verbal (语言的) communication and non-verbal communication.
Sound is one of the most common types of verbal communication in animals, and majority of the species use it as the medium to convey messages. Bats have to rely on sound waves to communicate. They mostly rest in the morning and become active at night to search for food and do other tasks. All the birds communicate through their chirping. Mammals generally make use of sounds to give calls to other members of their community. Whales are the perfect examples, which use sound waves for communication. They have a whale song, which they repeat after regular intervals.
Facial Expressions
This kind of communication is mostly found in dogs. When they are angry, they show their teeth and raise their ears. On the other hand, when they are frightened, they pull their ears behind and open their mouth. Also, in birds, when the parent bird brings food for the offspring, the begging expression can be observed on the offspring’s face.
Gestures and Body Movements
This type of communication is common not only in animals, but in human beings too. All human beings, although they use language for communication, tend to use gestures and body movements as well while communicating. Honey bees are the most enthusiastic creatures on earth because they dance to communicate. Some bees dance in the hive (蜂箱) so that other bees get signals of the location of the honey comb. A deer waves its tail to warn others of coming danger.What does this passage mainly talk about?
A.What messages animals can convey. |
B.Why life is easier for human beings. |
C.Why man is the most intelligent animal. |
D.How animals communicate with each other. |
Our life is more convenient and easier owing to the fact that ______.
A.other animals do not have any emotion |
B.we can communicate with each other through language |
C.we also use body movements while communicating |
D.other animals use sounds to give calls to their members |
What’s the most important way for animals to convey messages?
A.Use of body language. |
B.Use of sounds. |
C.Use of facial expressions. |
D.Use of dancing. |
When a dog pulls its ears behind with the mouth open, we can tell it ______.
A.is angry |
B.is frightened |
C.has been begging for food |
D.has eaten too much |
Which of the following doesn’t belong to non-verbal communication?
A.The begging expression. |
B.Relying on sound waves. |
C.Dancing. |
D.Waving tails. |
Bali is an Indonesia island that is rich in indigenous (本土的) culture. A lot of people say that Balinese culture is unique and that the people of Bali have always been content with the “now”. If you ask a Balinese person what heaven is like, the probable answer will be “just like Bali”. This only goes to show that most Balinese people are happy to be where they are and never worry.
One factor that contributes to this laidback lifestyle is the culture of close family ties in Bali. In the Balinese culture, support is always available. Balinese extended families are so tightly linked that all members usually live in the same block.
Balinese culture is based on a form of this religion, which is called “Hindu Darma”. This religion reached the island during the eleventh century. Most of the family customs and traditions as well as community lifestyles of the Balinese people are influenced by this. The religious influence even expands widely into the arts, which makes Bali distinct from the rest of Indonesia.
In spite of the fact that tourists flood to the island every year, Balinese people have managed to conserve their culture. Almost every native of Bali is an artist in some form or another. Parents and villagers have passed on their skills to their children, who all seem to have inclinations (爱好) either to music, dance, painting, or decoration.
Another remarkable mark of the Balinese culture is the senses of ceremonies known as the Manusa Yadnya. This marks the different stages of Balinese life. Cremation (火葬) is very popular on this island—and unlike in the West, death is a joyous and colorful event for the Balinese.What do we know about Balinese according to the first two paragraphs?
A.They lead a very relaxing but unwealthy life. |
B.They live in large families and are close to each other. |
C.Their family members are distributed in different places. |
D.Their extended families live too close together to get along well. |
Bali is distinguished from the rest of Indonesia by ______.
A.people’s tight family relationship |
B.the family customs and traditions |
C.people’s great love for religion |
D.the influence of religion on their culture |
The underlined word “conserve” in Para. 4 can be replaced by “______”.
A.preserve | B.spread | C.form | D.expand |
When a person dies in Bali, it is a common practice to ______.
A.express deep sorrow at his death |
B.celebrate the death like a great event |
C.sing and dance joyfully in his honor |
D.remember what he did in his lifetime |
What is the text mainly about?
A.Balinese religion. |
B.The lifestyle of Balinese. |
C.Balinese culture. |
D.The tourism in Bali. |
Many years ago, when I was fresh out of school and working in Denver, I was driving to my parents’ home in Missouri for Christmas. I stopped at a gas station about 50 miles from Oklahoma City, where I was planning to stop and visit a friend. While I was standing in line at the cash register, I said hello to an older couple who were also paying for gas.
I took off, but had gone only a few miles when black smoke poured from the back of my car. I stopped and wondered what I should do. A car pulled up behind me. It was the couple I had spoken to at the gas station. They said they would take me to my friend’s. We chatted on the way into the city, and when I got out of the car, the husband gave me his business card.
I wrote him and his wife a thank-you note for helping me. Soon afterward, I received a Christmas present from them. Their note that came with it said that helping me had made their holiday meaningful.
Years later, I drove to a meeting in a nearby town in the morning. In late afternoon I returned to my car and found that I’d left the lights on all day, and the battery was dead. Then I noticed that the Friendly Ford dealership—a shop selling cars—was right next door. I walked over and found two salesmen in the showroom.
“Just how friendly is Friendly Ford?” I asked and explained my trouble. They quickly drove a pickup truck to my car and started it. They would accept no payment, so when I got home, I wrote them a note to say thanks. I received a letter back from one of the salesmen. No one had ever taken the time to write him and say thank you, and it meant a lot, he said.
“Thank you”—two powerful words. They’re easy to say and mean so much.The author planned to stop at Oklahoma City ______.
A.to visit a friend |
B.to see his parents |
C.to pay at the cash register |
D.to have more gas for his car |
The words “took off” underlined in Paragraph 2 mean ______.
A.turned off | B.moved off | C.put up | D.set up |
What happened when the author found smoke coming out of his car?
A.He had it pulled back to the gas station. |
B.The couple sent him a business card. |
C.The couple offered to help him. |
D.He called his friend for help. |
The battery of the author’s car was dead because ______.
A.something went wrong with the lights |
B.the meeting lasted a whole day |
C.he forgot to turn off the lights |
D.he drove too long a distance |
By telling his own experiences, the author tries to show ______.
A.how to write a thank-you letter |
B.how to deal with car problems |
C.the kind-heartedness of older people |
D.the importance of expressing thanks |
Sydney Airport International Terminal-Arrivals Area
SPECIALTY RETAIL
Newslink: Two separate Newslink stores cater to all your reading needs including newspapers, magazines and the latest bestsellers.
Downtown Duty Free: Make sure you shop at Downtown Duty Free for great savings on a range of items including perfume, alcohol, skincare and cigarettes. It’s your last chance before customs.
Beach Culture: A must for those who go into the Latest in beach clothing. Top surf, street and fashion labels including Mambo, Stussy and Quicksilver, including children’s sizes.
DINING
Blue Sky Care: Speedy service leaves you time to keep an eye on the arrivals gate. Morning pastries, fresh juice, breakfast rolls and coffee while you wait.
McDonald’s: hamburgers, fries, drinks, muffins and shakes—all your family favorites. Breakfast served until 10:30 a. m.
SERVICES
ATM: ATMs are conveniently located throughout Arrival and Departures. Dollars, pounds, francs and RMB are all available.
Vodafone Rentals: This communication center offers the very latest technology for mobile phone rentals, sales and servicing.Where is this passage likely to appear?
A.A morning newspaper. |
B.A monthly magazine. |
C.A geography book. |
D.An official guide. |
The underlined phrase “cater to” probably means ______.
A.satisfy | B.afford | C.support | D.help |
If you want to have some coffee while waiting for your flight, you can go to ______.
A.Vodafone Rentals | B.Blue Sky Cafe |
C.Downtown Duty Free | D.McDonald’s |
At Beach Culture you can buy ______.
A.newspapers and magazines |
B.skincare and cigarettes |
C.Mambo and Stussy |
D.fresh juice and breakfast rolls |
Which of the following is true according to the text?
A.You can have breakfast at McDonald’s at 11:00 a. m.. |
B.You’ll save money if you buy alcohol or perfume at Downtown Duty Free. |
C.You’ll not find any beach clothing for your seven-year-old boy in Beach Culture. |
D.There is only one ATM throughout Arrivals and Departure. |