Arainfores（雨林）isanareacoveredb-优题课

第三部分：阅读理解 (共20小题；每小题2分, 满分40分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
Snakes bite an estimated 5.5 million people worldwide each year. Experts say tens of thousands of people die from venom poisoning. An untreated or incorrectly treated bite might require the removal of a bitten foot, for example, or an arm. Each year around 400,000 amputations are the result of snakebites.
Last year, for the first time, the World Health Organization added snakebites to its list of "neglected tropical diseases". This recognition aims to bring greater attention to the problem. Scientists know of about 3,000 kinds of snakes. About 600 of them are venomous. These are most often found in rural areas in tropical climates. Asia and Africa have the highest number of snakebites -- together about 4 million a year. Latin America and islands in the South Pacific follow.
The highest number of victims are agricultural workers. Snakebites are also common among fishermen, hunters and children. Many victims live in areas with poor or non-existent health care systems and where anti-venom treatments are often not available.
Anti-venom is the only cure. But experts say anti-venom technologies and their use need to be improved. Problems include a shortage of manufacturers and the high cost of treatment. Also, there is a widespread lack of knowledge among local health workers about how to use anti-venoms. The treatments can cause dangerous and even deadly reactions if not used carefully.
Anti-venom contains proteins (蛋白质) from animals such as horses or sheep. The animals are injected repeatedly with one or more different snake venoms to produce immunity (免疫力). The Lancet Medical Journal recently published a series of reports on snakebite prevention and treatment, David Warrell at the University of Oxford in England co-wrote one of them. He praised efforts by the WHO to establish common practices for the production, regulation and control of anti-venom. But he says more must be done.
The authors say community education programs could help prevent snakebites by teaching people how to avoid them. They also suggest actions like providing protective boots to wear while working in fields, and not sleeping on the ground. Also important is providing information about where dangerous snakes are most likely to live and when they are most active.
56. What's the meaning of the underlined word "amputations" in Paragraph 1?
A. removals of one's arms or legs B. deaths caused by infection
C. injuries of snakebites D. fames of a celebrity
57. Why did WHO add snakebites to its list of "neglected tropical diseases"?
A. To warn people of the danger of snakes.
B. To encourage people to protect wild animals.
C. To ask people to pay more attention to this kind of disease.
D. To study the problem of tropical weather conditions.
58. Which of the following is True according to the passage?
A. The victims wouldn’t be injured if they had better health-care systems.
B. Anti-venom technologies and their uses are medically safe and perfect.
C. Patients need to pay a little if they get treated with the anti-venoms.
D. The local health workers need further training on how to use anti-venoms.
59. The animals are injected with different snake venoms because _______.
A. they have been bitten by venomous snakes B. venoms can help to cure their diseases
C. this can help produce the immunity D. medical experiments are being carried out

Eleven leatherback turtles(凌皮龟) are swimming across the Pacific Ocean to the Galapagos Islands in a "race" that will be tracked online to draw attention to the serious situation of the endangered creatures.
The turtles have been attached with satellite communication devices that give their positions, as they head South from their nesting sites on Costa Rica' s Playa Grande beach to their feeding grounds near the Galapagos, about 1,500km away.
Online participants can choose a turtle and track its course at http://www.great turtlerace.com. The winner will be the one that travels furthest in two weeks of swimming.
There is no prize for the winner of the race, aimed at highlighting the dangers to a creature that has graced (美化) the oceans for 100 million years.
Environmentalists say 95 percent of leatherbacks in the Pacific Ocean have vanished in the last 20 years due to human activity like fishing, poaching(偷猎) of their eggs and building near their nests.
Thousands of leatherbacks nested at Playa Grande 10 years ago, but the number has dropped to below 100 in the last 5 years.
The leatherback race will not be live because the turtles left Costa Rica at different times. Instead, environmentalist group Conservation International will provide a day-to-day showing of the first 14 days of their journeys simultaneously as if they were racing.
The event will raise funds to protect Playa Grande. It is being organized by groups such as Conservation International and Costa Rica' s Environment Ministry.
68. Why satellite communication devices were attached to the turtles?
A. To prevent them from losing. B. To live broadcast the race.
C. To communicate with the turtles. D. To make sure of the turtles' position.
69. You can watch the race by _________.
A. going to the Pacific Ocean B. tracking its course online
C. watching the program through TV D. fixing some communication devices to the turtles
70. From the passage we know _________.
A. the turtles will swim 14 days from their nesting sites to their feeding ground
B. there are only eleven turtles left in the Pacific Ocean
C. money will be raised to protect the endangered turtles
D. Playa Grande is an organization by Environmentalists
71. The purpose for the text is to _________.
A. throw people's attention to the endangered ocean animals
B. accuse humans of what they have done to the ocean animals
C. warn people of the dangers to ocean creatures
D. tell people that the ocean won't be lively without turtles

The Josephson Institute, a Los Angeles-based ethics institute, surveyed 29,760 students at 100 high schools nationwide, both public and private. The survey found that 35% of boys and 26% of girls admitted stealing from a store within the past year and 64% have cheated on a test, which suggests that today' s young people are less honest than previous generations.
However, Josephson addressed that today's youth are no less honest than their predecessors. "The question is not whether things are worse, but whether they are bad enough to attract concern. This is not a time to complain but to take thoughtful, positive actions. "
Roberta Gerold, superintendent of the Middle Country School District and a leader of the campaign, said parents and school officials need to be more diligent – for example, emphasizing to students the distinctions between original and borrowed work. "Adults are not taking this very seriously," he said. "The schools are not doing even the most moderate thing."
Nijmie Dzurinko, executive director of the Philadelphia Student Union, said the findings were not at all reflective of the inner-city students she works with as an advocate for better curriculum and school funding. "A lot of people like to blame society's problems on young people, without recognizing that young people aren't making the decisions about what's happening in society. "
Riddile, who for four decades was a high school teacher, agreed that more pressure could lead to more cheating, yet he said, "I would take these students over other generations. I found them to be more responsive, more rewarding to work with. We have to create situations where it's easy for kids to do the right things. We need to create classrooms where learning takes on more importance than having the right answer. "
60. According to the first paragraph, we know that __________.
A. the Josephson Institute is a Los Angeles-based public school
B. students in ethics institute are honest
C. cheating on tests is very common in America
D. more public school students admitted stealing
61. What does the underlined phrase "borrowed work" refer to?
A. Ideas taken from other person's works. B. Words borrowed from another language.
C. Homework assigned by the teachers. D. Work done by your classmates.
62. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Riddile takes the young students over other generations.
B. Roberta Gerold found them to be more responsive.
C. Nijmie Dzurinko said the findings were reflective of the inner-city students.
D. Josephson addressed that today's youth are less honest than their predecessors.
63. According to the passage, we can infer that it's _________ that should be to blame for the problem.
A. the students B. previous generations C. public schools D. parents and schools

Matches made over the Internet often do not last long because people end up choosing unsuitable partners and forming emotional bonds before meeting face-to-face, an Australian university researcher has found.
Women were especially susceptible (易于) to finding Mr. Wrong, as they send to be attracted by witty (巧妙) comments or clever emails, said psychologist Matthew Bambling from the Queensland University of Technology.
"You can never assume things are the way they seem online," Bambling said. "Just because they can write a clever comment or a witty email, doesn' t mean they will be Mr. Right, that' s for sure," he said, adding some men use the concept of "netting," sending emails to dozens of women and hoping one might respond.
Bambling said you can find a partner online, but warned those using the Web to find love to be aware of the traps.
"There's definitely a disinhibition (失控) affect online," he said, with people more likely to exaggerate their good points while hiding anything negative.
"Few guys for example would say ' look, I' m a middle aged alcoholic who's been married five times, pick me'. They're going to present themselves as a good catch. "
He said it was easy for people to quickly invest too much emotionally in an online relationship because they don' t see the full picture of the person they are emailing.
Bambling said people can avoid many of the problems by meeting early in the actual relationship, rather than by getting to know each other only by email.
He suggests couples arrange to meet over coffee after a few emails, which will help people from building up a fantasy image of their match.
"The main thing to remember is to make real life contact as soon as possible if you are interested in someone, because then you will know if a relationship is a possibility," he said.
72. Bambling suggests we should be ________ about the online relationship.
A. rejective B. favorable C. cautious D. acceptable
73. The underlined word "exaggerate" in paragraph 6 probably means " ".
A. enlarge B. invent C. remove D. cover
74. What is suggested by Bambling for a better online relationship?
A. Writing clever comments or emails to girls frequently.
B. Finding a partner online through one night respond.
C. Making real life contact before further development.
D. Investing much more emotion in your partner.
75. Which of the following will be a suitable tide?
A. Online love, blind and brief B. Convenient way to find love
C. Real love online D. Dangerous online relationship

NEW YORK (Reuters) Electric cars will not be dramatically cleaner than autos powered by fossil fuels until they rely less on electricity produced from usual coal-fired power plants, scientists said on Monday.
"For electric vehicles to become a major green alternative, the power fuel has to move away from coal, or cleaner coal technologies have to be developed," said Jared Cohon, the chair of a National Research Council report released on Monday.
About half of U. S. power is generated (产生) by burning coal, which gives off many times more of traditional pollutants than natural gas, and about twice as much of the main greenhouse gas carbon dioxide.
Nuclear and renewable power would have to generate a larger portion of U. S. power for electric cars to become much greener compared to gasoline-powered cars, Cohan, who is president of Carnegie Mellon University, said in an interview.
Advances in coal burning, like capturing carbon at power plants for permanent burial underground, could also help electric cars become a cleaner alternative to vehicles powered by fossil fuels, he said.
Pollution from energy sources did $120 billion worth of damage to human health, agriculture and recreation in 2008, and electricity was responsible for more than half of file damage, said the NRC report.
Electric cars have their benefits such as reducing imports of foreign oil. But they also have hidden costs.
Materials in electric car batteries are hard to produce, which adds to the energy it takes to make them. In fact, the health and environmental costs of making electric cars can be 20 percent greater than usual cars, the report said.
The report estimated that electric cars could still cost more than gas-powered cars to operate and manufacture in 2030 unless U. S. power production becomes cleaner.
64. Why are electric cars not clean enough?
A. Because they run too slowly. B. Because they are too expensive.
C. Because they rely on coal-fired power. D. Because they give off more carbon dioxide.
65. We can infer from the passage that ________.
A. electric cars will soon take the place of gas-powered cars
B. no one holds hope for electric cars at present
C. electric cars waste more energy than before
D. some people believe that electric cars are more cleaner
66. Which of the following is not mentioned as a way to make electric cars cleaner?
A. Developing cleaner coal technologies. B. Making electric cars run faster.
C. Generating more nuclear power. D. Making advances in coal burning.
67. What kind of attitude the writer holds towards the future of electric cars?
A. The writer thinks highly of electric cars.
B. The writer believes electric cars will disappear in the end.
C. The writer thinks it' s hard to popularize electric cars at present.
D. The writer thinks it' s impossible for us to use electric cars before 2030.

A．How to Save Rainforests	B．How to Protect Nature
C．Rainforests and the Environment	D．Rainforests and Medical Development