Of all the areas of learning the most important is the development of attitudes. Emotional reactions as well as logical thought processes affect the behavior of most people. “The burnt child fears the fire” is one example. Another is the rise of despots(独裁者) like Hitler. Both these examples also point out the fact that attitudes come from experiences. In the one case the experience was direct and impressive; in the other it was indirect and cumulative(累积的). The Nazis got certain ideas largely by the speeches they heard and the books they read.
The classroom teacher in the elementary school is in a key position to influence(影响) attitudes. This is true partly because children obtain attitudes from those adults who they respect.
Another reason is that pupils are often curious about a subject in school that has only been touched upon at home or has possibly never occurred to them before. To a child who has previously got little knowledge of Mexico, his teacher’s method of dealing with such a unit will greatly affect his attitude toward Mexicans.
However, when children go to school with undesirable attitudes, it is unwise for the teacher to change their feelings by praising or scolding them. She can achieve the proper effect by helping them obtain good experiences.
For example, first-grade pupils afraid of policemen will probably change their attitudes after a classroom 
chat with the neighborhood officer in which he explains how he protects them. In the same way a class of older children can develop attitudes through discussio
n, research outside reading and all-day trips.
Finally a teacher must not constantly show her own attitudes because her influence can be no good if she has personal prejudices(偏见). This is especially true in respect to controversial(引起争议的) questions on which children should be encouraged to reach their own decision as a result of objective analysis(分析) of all the facts.. The passage mainly tells us _____.
| A．attitudes affect our actions |
B．teachers play an important role in develop ing children’s attitudes |
| C．attitudes can be changed by some classroom experiences |
| D．teachers gradually affect pupils’ attitudes by their attitudes |
. In the first paragraph the writer gives us two examples to _____.
| A．show that attitudes come from experiences | B．compare with each other |
| C．show all experiences are direct and impressive | D．tell experiences from attitudes |
.When children in school have unpleasant attitudes, teachers should _____.
| A．change their feelings by scolding them | B．think highly of their good attitudes |
| C．help them by giving them good experiences | D．take no notice of their feelings |
.The passage specially states in the last paragraph that _____.
| A．direct experiences are more valuable than indirect ones |
| B．what a child learns in school has already been introduced at home |
| C．teachers can sometimes have a bad influence on children |
| D．teachers should always cover up their own attitudes |
One silly question I simply can’t understand is "How do you feel?" Usually the question I asked of a man’s action－a man on the go, walking along the street or busily working at his desk. So what do you expect him to say? He’ll probably say," Fine, I’m all right," but you’ve put a bug in his ear. ——Maybe now he’s not sure. If you are a good friend, you may have seen something in his face, or his walk, that he overlooked(忽略)that morning. It starts him worrying a little. First thing you know, he looks in a mirror to see if everything is all right, while you go merrily on your way asking someone else. "How do you feel?"
Every question has its time and place. It’s perfectly acceptable, for example, to ask "How do you feel?" if you’re visiting a close friend in hospital. But if the fellow is walking on both legs, hurrying take a train, or sitting at his desk working, it’s no time to ask him that silly question.
When George Bernard Shaw, the famous writer of plays, was in his eighties, someone asked him, "How do you feel?" Shaw put him in his place. "When you reach my age," he said, "either you feel all right or you’re dead."According to the writer, greetings such as "how do you feel"_______.
| A．show one’s consideration for others. | B．are a good way to make friends |
| C．are proper to ask a man in action | D．generally make one feel uneasy. |
The question "How do you feel" seems to be correct and suitable when asked of________.
| A．a man working at his desk. | B．a person having lost a close friend. |
| C．a stranger who looks worried. | D．a friend who is ill. |
The writer seems to feel that a busy man should _______.
| A．be praised for his efforts. | B．never be asked any question. |
| C．not be bothered(烦扰). | D．be discouraged from working so hard. |
You’ve put a bug in his ear means that you’ve ________.
| A．made him laugh. | B．shown concern for him |
| C．made fun of him | D． given him some kind of warning. |
根据短文内容，在选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（此题答案写在答题纸上）
If you can speak English, you know a lot of English words. You can read, speak and understand. ___.
All over the world, people “talk” with their hands, with their heads and with their eyes.___ . When Indians meet, they put their hands together. What do Americans and British people do?
Americans are more informal than the British. They like to be friendly. __When they sit down, they like to relax in their chairs and make themselves comfortable.
British people are more reserved. They take more time to make friends. They like to know you before they ask you something of your home.
When British and American people meet someone for the first time, they shake hands. _. Women sometimes kiss their women friends, and men kiss women friends. When a man meets a man friend, he just smiles, and say “Hello”. _
.Even fathers and sons do not often kiss each other.
| A．They are not as friendly as the Americans |
| B．Men do not kiss each other or shake hands. |
| C．They do not usually shake hands with people they know well. |
| D．Only a few people use body language |
E. But there is another kind of language you need to know—body language.
F. They ask questions and they talk easily about themselves.
G. When Japanese people meet, they bow.
Body and Food
Your body, which has close relations with the food you eat, is the most important thing you own, so it needs proper treatment and proper nourishment (营养).The old saying “An apple a day keeps the doctor away ”is not as silly as some people think. The body needs fruit and vegetables because they contain vitamin C. Many people take extra vitamins in pill form, believing that these will make them healthy.
But a good diet is made up of nourishing food and this gives all the vitamins you need. The body doesn’t need or use extra vitamins, so why waste money on them?
In the modern western world, many people are too busy to bother about eating properly. They throw anything into their stomachs, eating hurriedly and carelessly. The list of illnesses caused or made worse by bad eating habits is frightening,“Your body has close relations with the food you eat.” It really means that ______.
| A．all kinds of food you eat can be made into your body |
| B．your body is made up of the food you eat |
| C．what you eat has great effect on your health |
| D．the more you eat, the fitter you will feel |
The old saying referred to in the passage tells us that ______.
| A．eating apples regularly does lots of good to our health |
| B．the apple is the best among all kinds of fruits |
| C．apples can take the place of doctors |
| D．an apple is a sure cure for illness |
From the passage we can draw a conclusion that if we want to keep healthy, we should ______.
| A．only eat an apple a day |
| B．eat properly |
| C．take as many vitamin pills as possible |
| D．throw something into our stomachs slowly and carefully |
Popeye the Sailor first became a popular cartoon in the 1930s.The sailor in that cartoon ate lots of spinach(菠菜) to make him strong. People watched him, and they began to buy and eat a lot more spinach. Popeye helped sell 33 percent more spinach than before! Spinach became a necessary part of many people’s diets. Even some children who hated the taste began to eat the vegetable.
Many people thought that the iron（铁）in spinach made Popeye strong, but this is not true. Spinach does not have any more iron than any other green vegetable.
People only thought spinach had a lot of iron because the people who studied the food made a mistake. In the 1890s, a group of people studied what was inside vegetables. This group said that spinach had ten times more iron than it did. The group wrote the number wrong, and everyone accepted it.
Today, we know that the little iron there is in spinach cannot make a difference in how strong a person is. However, spinach does have something else which the body needs—folic acid(叶酸).
It is interesting to point out that folic acid can help make a person strong. Maybe it was really the folic acid that made Popeye strong all along.A good title for this reading passage is______.
| A．Popeye the Sailor |
| B．The Truth About Spinach |
| C．A Mistake with Numbers |
| D．Folic Acid Makes You Strong |
Why did many people eat spinach after they saw Popeye the Sailor?
| A．They thought spinach made them strong. |
| B．They thought Popeye was funny. |
| C．Spinach had a lot of iron. |
| D．People liked folic acid. |
A research group told people that spinach______.
| A．made Popeye strong |
| B．was a green vegetable |
| C．had less iron than other green vegetables |
| D．had more iron than other green vegetables |
The reading passage says that perhaps Popeye got his strength from______.
| A．iron | B．folic acid | C．spinach | D．exercise |
A traveler was staying in an Egyptian village. One day, she held up her camera to take pictures of the children. Suddenly the young ones began to shout at her. The traveler’s face turned red and she apologized to the head for what she was doing, and told him she had forgotten that people in some places believed a person would lose his soul(灵魂) if his picture was taken. She explained to him the operation of a camera for a long time. Several times the head tried to say something, but he couldn’t. When she believed that the head didn’t fear any longer, the traveler then let him speak. With a smile, he said, "The children were trying to tell you that you forgot to take off the lens(镜头) cap!" The children shouted when the traveler was taking pictures of them because _______.
| A．they didn’t want to stop playing |
| B．the traveler forgot to take off the cap on her head |
| C．they didn’t want to have their pictures taken |
| D．the traveler was not doing well with her camera |
The traveler explained how to use a camera to the head because _______.
| A．the head was very interested in her camera |
| B．the head wanted to learn to take pictures |
| C．she was afraid of the head |
| D．she wanted the head not to worry about what she was doing |
Which of the following is NOT right?
| A．The traveler knew something about people in some countries. |
| B．The children wouldn’t mind if the traveler took pictures of them. |
| C．The head was afraid that the traveler’s camera would hurt the children. |
| D．The traveler didn’t understand why the children shouted. |