It doesn't come as a surprise to you to realize that it makes no difference what you read or study if you can't remember it．You just waste your valuable time．1 One dependable aid that does help you remember what you
study is to have a specific purpose or reason for reading．
Why does a clerk in a store go away when your reply to her offer to help is, "No, thank you．I'm just looking．"? Both you and she know that if you aren't sure what you want, you are not likely to find it．But suppose you say instead, "Yes, thank you．I want a pair of sun glasses．" She says, "Right this way, please．"
__2_ If you choose a book, "just looking" for nothing in particular, you are likely to get just that—nothing．But if you do know what you want, you are almost sure to get it．Your reasons will vary; they will include reading or studying "to find out more about", "to understand the reasons for" and "to find out how"．
__3__ Before you start to study, you say to yourself something like this, "I want to know why Stephen Vincent Benet happened to write about America"．Because you know why you are reading or studying, you relate the information to your purpose and remember it better．
4 At least two important processes go on at the same time．As you read, you take in ideas rapidly and accurately．But at the same time you express your own ideas to yourself as you react to what you read．You have a kind of 
mental conversation with the author．
This additional process of thinking about what you read includes evaluating it, relating it to what you already know, and using it for your own purposes．__5__ One part of critical reading, as you have discovered, is distinguishing between facts and opinions．Facts can be checked by evidence, Opin
ions are one's own personal reactions．Another part of critical reading is judging sources．Still another part is drawing accurate inferences．
| A．Maybe you have already discovered some clever ways to keep yourself from forgetting． |
| B．It is important for students to have a positive attitude to their study． |
| C．You remember better when you know what you' re reading． |
| D．In other words, a good reader is a critical reader． |
E．It’s quite the same with your studying．
F．Reading is not one single activity．
G．This is the way it works．
Why Do We Get Angry?
Anger seems simple when we are feeling it, but the causes of anger are various. Knowing these causes can make us examine our behavior, and correct bad habits. The main reasons we get angry are triggering（触发）events, personality traits（特征）, and our assessment of situations. ________
Triggering events for anger are so many that to describe them all would take hundreds of pages. However, here are some examples: being cut off in traffic, a deadline approaching, experiencing physical pain, and much more.________ The reason why someone is triggered by something and others are not is often due to one's personal history and psychological traits.
Each person, no matter who they are, has psychological imbalances. People who have personality traits that connect with competitiveness and low upset tolerance are much more likely to get angry. ________ Also, sometimes pre-anger does not have to do with a lasting condition, but rather a temporary state before a triggering event has occurred.
________Sometimes even routine occurrences become sources of pre-anger, or anger itself. Sometimes ignorance and negative (消极的) outlooks on situations can create anger.
________However, anger can easily turn violent, and it is best to know the reasons for anger to appear in order to prevent its presence. With these main reasons in mind, we can evaluate our level of anger throughout the day and prevent cases of outbursts by comprehending the reasons for our feelings.
| A． |
Our attitude and viewpoint on situations can create anger within us as well. |
| B． |
But some types of situations can help us to get rid of the occurrence of anger. |
| C． |
Anger is rarely looked upon as a beneficial character trait, and is usually advised to reduce it. |
| D． |
Anger is a particularly strong feeling and maybe people think that they have reasons to feel angry. |
| E． |
Having these personality traits implies the pre-anger state, where anger is in the background of your mind. |
| F． |
Understanding these reasons will control our own anger if we are willing to evaluate ourselves with a critical eye. |
| G． |
Not everyone acts the same in response to events, and that is why what triggers one person may or may not trigger another. |
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you are already making the time to exercise，it is good indeed! With such busy lives，it can be hard to try and find the time to work out． （1） Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit．
•Your productivity is improved．Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day． （2）
•Your metabolism（新陈代谢） gets a head start． （3） If you work out in the mornings，then you will be getting the calorie（卡路里）burning benefits for the whole day，not in your sleep．
•（4） Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening．Exercise energizes you，so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited．
•（5） If you work out bright and early in the morning，you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day．Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food？You will want to continue to focus on positive choices．
There are a lot of benefits to working out，especially in the mornings．Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out! You will feel energized all day long．
| A． |
You will stick to your diet． |
| B． |
Your quality of sleep improves． |
| C． |
You prefer healthy food to fast food． |
| D． |
There is no reason you should exercise in the morning． |
| E． |
You can keep your head clear for 4﹣10 hours after exercise． |
| F． |
After you exercise， you continue to burn calories throughout the day． |
| G． |
If you are planning to do exercise regularly ，or you're doing it now，then listen up! |
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
| A． |
It's not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent. |
| B． |
Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent |
| C． |
The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers' attention. |
| D． |
Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship. |
| E． |
Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world. |
| F． |
Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent. |
| G． |
This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball. |
Much of the work in today's world is accomplished (完成) in teams. Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals. ________ Companies spend millions hiring top business people. Is their money well spent?
________ They focused on football, basketball and baseball. The results are mixed. For football and basketball, adding talented players to a team proves a good method, but only up to the point where 70% of the players are top talent; above that level, the team's performance begins to decline. Interestingly, this trend isn't evident in baseball, where additional individual talent keeps improving the team's performance.
To explain this phenomenon, the researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team requires its members to coordinate (协调) their actions. ________ In baseball, the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates. They conclude that when task interdependence is high, team performance will suffer when there is too much talent, while individual talent will have positive effects on team performance when task interdependence is lower. If a basketball star is, for example, trying to gain a high personal point total, he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate, affecting the team's performance. Young children learning to play team sports are often told, "There is no I in TEAM." ________
Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team, some players may make less effort. Just as in a game of tug-of-war (拔河比赛), whenever a person is added, everyone else pulls the rope with less force.
________. An A-team may require a balance-not just a players, but a few generous B players as well.
Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning and put the blame on the alarm clock. In fact, the key to easy morning wake-up lies in resting your body clock 36 Here is how to make one.
● 37 In order to make a change, you need to decide why it's important. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day? Once you are clear about your reason, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.
Rethink mornings. Now that you know why you want to wake up, consider re-arranging your morning activities. If you want time to have breakfast with your family, save some time the night before by setting out clothes, shoes, and bags. 3 8 That's a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer.
Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. If you're tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful. But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week, a recent study found. 3 9
Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel. After you've tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record. 4 0 If not, take another look at other methods you could try.
| A． |
Get a sleep specialist. |
| B． |
Find the right motivation. |
| C． |
A better plan for sleep can help. |
| D． |
And consider setting a second alarm. |
| E． |
If the steps you take are working, keep it up. |
| F． |
Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day. |
| G． |
Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the café to get coffee. |
Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while you're trying to get work done. 36 ,there are several ways to handle things.Let's take a look at them now.
37 .Tell the person you're sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the of you can talk at a different time.
When people try to interrupt you,have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that you'll find them then. 38 .It can help to eliminate(消除) future interruptions.
When you need to someone,don't do it in your own office. 39 .it's much easeier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are
If you have a door to your office,make good use of it. 40 .If someone knocks and it's not an important matter. Excuse yourself and let the person know you're busy so they can get the hint(暗示) than when the door is closed,you're not to be disturbed.
| A． |
If you're busy, don't feel bad about saying no |
| B． |
When you want to avoid interruptions at work |
| C． |
Set boundaries for yourself as your time goes |
| D． |
If you're in the other person's office or in a public arcea |
| E． |
It's important that you let them know when you'll be available |
| F． |
It might seem unkind to cut people shirt when they interrupt you |
| G． |
Leave it open when you're available to talk and close it when you're not |