The world itself is becoming much smaller by using modern traffic and modern communication means （通讯设备）.Life today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago, but it has brought new problems. One of the biggest is pollution. To pollute means to make things dirty. Pollution comes in many ways. We see it, smell it, drink it and even hear it.
Man has been polluting the earth. The more people, the more pollution. Many years ago, the problem was not so serious because there were not so many people. When the land was used up or the river was dirty in one place, Man moved to another place. But this is no longer true. Man is now slowly polluting the whole world.
Air pollution is still the most serious. It’s bad for all living things in the world, but it is not the only one kind of pollution. Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us angry more easily.
Many countries are making rules to fight pollution. They stop people from burning coal in houses and factories in the city, and from putting dirty smoke into the air.
Pollution by carbon dioxide is now the most dangerous kind of air pollution. It is caused by heavy traffic. It is true that if there are fewer people driving, there will be less air pollution.
The earth is our home. We must take care of it. That means keeping the land, water and air clean. And we must take care of the rise in population at the same time.
Hundreds of years ago, the pollution was _________it is today.
| A．much easier than | B．as easy as | C．as hard as | D．much less than |
Our world is becoming much smaller_________.
| A．because the earth is being polluted day and night |
| B．because science is developing |
| C．because of the rise in population |
| D．because the earth is blown away by the wind every year |
Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution because_________.
| A．it does harm to all living things in the world | B．it makes much noise |
| C．it makes our rivers and lakes dirty | D．it makes us angry more easily |
Which of the following is NOT the possible way to reduce air pollution?
| A．Stop people from burning coal in the houses and factories in the city |
| B．Stop putting dirty smoke into the air |
| C．Encourage people to go to work by bike or on foot instead of driving a car |
| D．Don’t throw rubbish into the river. |
Which of the following is NOT true?
| A．The problem of pollution is not so serious because there are not so many people living on the earth. |
| B．The pollution of the earth grows as fast as the world’s population does. |
| C．If people could go to work by bike ,it would be helpful against the problem of carbon dioxide. |
| D．Many countries are making rules to fight against pollution. |
D
The advantages and disadvantages of a large population have long been a subject of
discussion among economists. It has been argued that the supply of good land is limited. To feed a large population, poor land must be cultivated and good land made full use of. Thus, each person produces less and this means a lower average income than could be obtained with a smaller population. Other economists have argued that a large population gives more opportunities for specialization such as ports, roads, and railways, which are not likely to be built unless there is a big demand to justify them.
One of the difficulties in carrying out a world-wide birth control program lies in the fact that official attitudes to population growth vary from country to country depending on the level of industrial development and the availability of food and raw materials. In a developing country where a vast expanding population is pressing hard upon the limits of food, space and natural resources, it will be the first concern of the government to place a limit on the birthrate, whatever the consequences may be. In a highly industrialized society the problem may be more complex. A decreasing birthrate may lead to unemployment because it results in a declining market for products. When the pressure of the population on housing declines, prices also decline and the building industry is weakened. Faced with considerations such as these, the government of a developed country may well prefer to see a slowly increasing population, rather than one which is stable or in decline.
54．According to the first paragraph, a smaller population may mean______ if land is limited.
A．lower productivity, and a lower average income
B．lower productivity, but a higher average income
C．higher productivity, and a higher average income
D．higher productivity, but a lower average income
55．In a developed country, people will perhaps go out of work if the birthrate_______.
A．goes up B．goes down C．remains stable D．is limited
56．It is not easy to carry out a worldwide birth-control program because______.
A．there are too many underdeveloped countries in the world
B．developing countries are short of food and raw materials
C．even developed countries may have some complex problems of population
D．different governments show quite opposite views to the population
C
(1)Mr. Brown(the motorist)
At about 9∶20 p.m. on October 14th, I was driving along Market Road in the direction of Midwick. I wanted to go to Sturham to collect my wife, who had been visiting some friends. I prepared to turn into Sturham Road, which was on my right. In the distance, I saw the lights of a car moving towards me but it was a long way from me. I put out my hand to show that I was going to turn right. Then I started to turn slowly towards Sturham Road. Suddenly there was a loud noise on the passenger’s (near) side of the car. I stopped the car and got out. A motorcycle had hit my car. The motorcyclist had been thrown over the car. He was injured, so I ran to a shop to phone for help.
(2)Mr. Smith (the injured motorcyclist)
On the evening of October 14th, I was going home along Market Road towards Newtown. I was riding my motorcycle. I was going slowly because some of the streetlights were out and the road was wet and slippery. Just before Sturham Road, a car suddenly drove right across my path. The driver did not flash his lights to give a warning. I could not turn in time, so I hit the side of the car. When I woke up, I was lying in a hospital in Market Road.
(3)Mr. Lee (another motorcyclist)
At about 9∶10p.m.on October 14th, I left my home in Midwick. Ten minutes later I was riding my motorcycle along Market Road. I was going to Newtown. There was a motorcycle about 40 metres in front of me. It was not going very quickly. The man on it was riding near the curb(路边) but I was near the center of the road. The motorcyclist in front of me tried to turn to his right but there was no time. He hit the car and was injured. There was no car going along in front of us or put by the road.
50．Which or these pictures exactly shows the scene of the accident?
X＝the place where the motorcycle hit the car; N＝Newtown; M＝Midwick; S＝Sturham. (Note that cars and motorcycles always keep to the left in England.)
51．Which of these statements about the accident is probably correct?
A．Mr. Brown wrongly supposed that the lights of the two motorcycles were those of a car.
B．The lights of the car moving towards Mr. Brown made him unable to see.
C．Mr. Brown knocked down a motorcyclist on purpose.
D．The accident was caused by the carelessness of the first motorcyclist.
52．It seems probable from the statements that Mr. Brown_______.
A．gave no signal to show that he was turning right
B．did not give any signal until he was actually turning
C．failed to give a proper signal at that time
D．flashed his light to show that he was going to turn
53．We would expect to find that Mr. Brown’s car was damaged on its______ side.
A．front B．left C．right D．driver’s
B
Are you feeling stressed out? Anxious? Is your mind racing in circles? Are you worried about all the things you have to get done? Here’s a quick-acting trick that can make you feel better.
If you’re sitting at a desk, place the palm of your hand on the desk, and take a moment to focus on what the surface of the desk feels like. Is it hot or cold, rough or smooth? Put all of your attention on the sensations in your palm, on how the desk feels underneath your hand. If you are not at a desk, do the same exercise by placing your palm on any nearby object—a wall, a chair, even your opposite arm.
When you are feeling stressed, your thoughts tend to take on a life of their own. Yon may be thinking about things you wish you had done differently in the past or worrying about things that you have to do in the future. These thoughts will make you feel anxious. The anxiety, in turn, increases the number of anxious thoughts.
If you can ground yourself even for a moment in the present, you will break the cycle and feel instant relief. Paying attention to what objects in your environment feel like forces you to pay more attention to the present moment than to negative, anxiety-provoking thoughts about the past or about the future.
Try using your other senses too:
Try closing your eyes for a second (don’t try this while driving!) and breath deeply through your nose. What do you smell?
When eating, put all your attention on how your food tastes.
What do you hear? What little noises are there around you that you didn’t notice before?
Look closely at an ordinary object. Do you see anything you haven’t noticed before?
46．By saying “Is your mind racing in circles”, the author intends to mean that_______.
A．you did something wrong in the past and wouldn’t forgive yourself
B．your mind is quick and bright when in a state of anxiety
C．you are thinking in a stupid way when anxious thoughts worries you a lot
D．you worried a lot and the anxious thoughts will increase your anxiety
47．The author advises to put your palm on the desk or any things nearby in order to______.
A．play a small trick B．feel the surface of the object
C．do some exercises D．reduce your anxiety
48．The writer mentioned some senses that could be used to reduce stress except the______.
A．sense of touching B．sense of smell
C．sense of humour D．sense of listening
49．Which of the following can be served as a title for the passage?
A．First Aid to Anxiety—Senses. B．How Anxiety Works.
C．The Cause of Anxiety—Senses. D．How to Deal with Anxiety.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节：阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A, B, C, D) 中，选出可以填入空
白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。（共20小题，每小题2分，共40分）
A
A university graduate described as a “respectable and intelligent” woman is seeking professional help after being convicted of shoplifting for the second time in six months.
Ana Luz, recently studying for PhD has been told she could end up behind bars unless she can control the desire to steal from shops.
Luz, who lives with her partner in Fitzwilliam Road, Cambridge, admitted stealing clothes worth 9.95 pounds from John Lewis in Oxford Street, London, on March 9.
Phillip Lomoyne, prosecuting(起诉), said Luz selected some clothes from display and took them to the ladies’ toilet in the store, when she came out again she was wearing one of the skirts she had selected, having taken off the anti-theft security alarm.
She was stopped and caught after leaving the store without paying, Mr. Lomoyne said.
He added that she was upset on her arrest and apologized for her actions.
Luz, 28, was said to have been convicted of shoplifting by Cambridge judges last October, but Morag Duff, defending said she had never been in trouble with the police before this.
“She is ashamed and embarrassed but doesn’t really have any explanation why she did this,” Miss Duff said. “She didn’t intend to steal when she went into the store. She is at a loss to explain it. She is otherwise a very respectable and intelligent young lady. She went to her doctor and asked for advice because she wants to know if there is something in particular that caused her to do this.”
Judge David Azan fined Luz 50 pounds, and warned: “You have got a criminal record. If you carry on like this, you will end up in prison, which will ruin your bright future you may have.”
Luz achieved a degree in design at university in her native Spain, went on to a famous university in Berlin, Germany for her master’s degree and is now studying for a PhD at Cambridge University, UK.
41．What is Ana Luz’s nationality?
A．American. B．British. C．Spanish. D．German.
42．What does the underlined sentence “She is at a loss to explain it” mean?
A．In her opinion it was a loss to the clothes shops where she stole things.
B．She doesn’t have any idea why she has the desire to steal from shops.
C．She thinks it is a loss for her to explain why she stole things from shops.
D．Personally she feels ashamed and embarrassed for her shoplifting actions.
43．Which of the following best explains the meaning of the word “shoplifting” used in the passage?
A．Carrying goods in a lift for a shop. B．Taking goods to the ladies’ toilet.
C．Selecting some goods from a display. D．Taking goods from a shop without paying.
44．From the passage we can learn that________.
A．Ana Luz has already got her PhD at Cambridge University, UK
B．Ana Luz is ashamed and embarrassed and knows why she often did so
C．the university graduate will be put in prison if she steals in shops once more
D．Phillip Lomoyne is the “respectable and intelligent” woman’s defense(辩护) lawyer
45．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Shoplifting Shame of a PhD Student.
B．Apologizing for the Actions in Shops.
C．Seeking Professional Help from Experts.
D．Controlling the Desire to Steal from Shops.
E
Language is a major problem for the European Union(EU)．The agreement or treaty (条约) which created the organization that eventually became the EU, the Treaty of Rome，stated that each country’s language must be treated equally．The original six countries had only three languages between them：French, German and Dutch . However, there are now 15 countries in the EU, with a total of 12 languages. EU documents must be translated into all these languages，and at official meetings, the speeches must be translated into all the languages by interpreters.
All this translating is very expensive and time consuming . It is said that nearly half of all employees of the EU are engaged in translating documents and speeches, and nearly half of the EU’s administrative (管理方面的) costs are spent on this task．In the near future it is probable that several more countries, most of them having their own languages, will join the EU, thus making the situation even worse.
The problem is not just cost：there are practical difficulties as well. With 12 languages，there are 132 possible “translation situations” that might be needed．It is often difficult to find people in the right place at the right time who can translate from (for example) Danish into Greek, or Dutch into Portuguese, at a high professional standard.
In practice, the problem has been made less severe by the use of English in many contacts between EU officials，since almost all of them speak some English. However, any action to reduce the number of official languages (perhaps to four or five) would be a blow to the pride of the smaller countries. Another commonly suggested solution is to make English the official language for all EU business. However, this is strongly resisted by powerful member countries like France and Germany.
72．What’s the main purpose of this passage?
A．To give a solution to a problem．
B．To find out a problem and show how severe it is
C．To criticize the European Union for inefficiency．
D．To show that the problem cannot be solved．
73．According to the writer，the use of English in contacts among EU officials has _________.
A．angered the officials who don’t speak English
B．increased the number of official languages
C．reduced the effect of the problem
D．been supported by powerful member countries
74．The writer mentions “Danish into Greek” as an example of ________.
A．a situation that might be difficult to deal with
B．a situation that occurs at times
C．one of the 12 situations that requires an interpreter
D．languages easily being interpreted
75．The writer suggests that if the number of official languages were reduced, ________
A．the EU would not know which official languages to choose
B．countries whose languages were not used officially would be unhappy
C．only easy languages would be used officially
D．the smaller member countries would be pleased