We’veallbeenhurtbyanotherperso-优题课

How Arts Promote Our Economy

When most people think of the arts， they imagine the end product， the beautiful painting， a wonderful piece of music， or an award﹣winning performance in the theater． But arts groups bring broader value to our communities． The economic impact of the arts is often overlooked and badly judged．

The arts create jobs that help develop the economy． Any given performance takes a tour bus full of artists， technical experts， managers， musicians， or writers to create an appealing piece of art． These people earn a living wage for their professional knowledge and skills．

Another group of folks is needed to help market the event． "If you build it they will come" is a misleading belief． Painters， digital media experts， photographers， booking agents and promoters are hired to sell tickets and promote the event． According to the Dallas Area Cultural Advocacy Coalition， arts agencies employ more than 10，000 people as full﹣or part﹣time employees or independent contractors．

A successful arts neighborhoods creates a ripple effect（连锁反应）throughout a community． In 2005， when the Bishop Arts Theatre was donated to our town， the location was considered a poor area of town． After investing more than﹩1 million in reconstructing the building， we began producing a full season of theater performances， jazz concerts， and year﹣round arts education programs in 2008． Nearly 40 percent of jazz lovers live outside of the Dallas city limits and drive or fly in to enjoy an evening in the Bishop Arts District．

No doubt the theater has contributed to the area's development and economic growth． Today， there are galleries， studios， restaurants and newly built work spaces where neighbors share experiences， where there is renewed life and energy． In this way， arts and culture also serve as a public good．

Teco Theatrical Productions Inc． made use of Bloomberg's investment of﹩35，000 to get nearly﹩400，000 in public and private sector support during the two﹣year period． Further， Dallas arts and arts﹣based businesses produce﹩298 for every dollar the city spends on arts programming and facilities． In Philadelphia， a metro area smaller than Dallas， the arts have an economic impact of almost﹩3 million and support 44，000 jobs， 80 percent of which actually lie outside the arts industry， including accountants， marketers， construction workers， hotel managers， printers， and other kinds of art workers．

The arts are efficient economic drivers and when they are supported， the entire small﹣business community benefits．

It is wrong to assume arts groups cannot make a profit． But in order to stay in business， arts groups must produce returns． If you are a student studying the arts， chances are you have been ill﹣advised to have a plan B． But those who truly understand the economic impact and can work to change the patterns can create a wide range of career possibilities．

Arts as an economic driver	Our communities （1）　　from arts in terms of economy．
（2）　　of arts' promoting our economy	Arts activity demands a（n）（3）　　effort． It involves creation， performance， and （4）　　． ◆Artists make a living through their creative work． ◆Others get paid by marketing the event．
	Arts have a gradually spreading （5）　　． They could help promote other industries whether they lie inside or outside arts． ◆Besides tickets， some jazz lovers will pay their （6）　　to and from the events． ◆Arts contribute to cultural development when people gather together to share their experience and renew their energy．
	Investment in arts could produce potential （7）　　economic results． ◆TeCo used a ﹩35，000 art investment to attract an overall support of ﹩400，000． ◆In Dallas， one dollar invested in arts could harvest and extraordinary return of nearly﹩300． ◆In Philadelphia the arts have created about 35，000 job opportunities for workers （8）　　arts industry．
Art students making a good living	With these （9）　　in mind， art students need not worry about their career and have a（n）（10）　　plan．

Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

A． It means that different team is accessible to you．

B． Belonging to your favorite team stimulates your confidence．

C． That identity is first and foremost．

D． The more we follow a team， the deeper the bond becomes．

E． In that sense， your favorite team can serve the same purpose as church and family： Fostering a sense of belonging．

F． This refers to the inclination by fans to distance themselves from their team after a defeat．

"Our research has shown that the No． 1 reason people become fans is that it's your connection to your first community，" said Adam Earnhardt， chairman of the communications department at Youngstown State University and co﹣author of "Sports Fans， Identity and Socialization： Exploring the Fandemonium．" "I don't care if a Seattle fan moves to China， he or she carries with them their love for the sports teams，" he said． "（1）　　"

（2）　　． And when a team begins to catch fire， as with， say， the Mariners in '95 or the Seahawks of recent vintage， well， it's easy to get swept up in the wave．

"It's phenomenal，" said Simons． "We have this ability to understand other people so remarkably that their victories literally become ours． Our testosterone（睾酮） literally responds to their victory．（3）　　They're us， and competing on a literal level as us a little extension of us．"

Professor Robert Cialdini at Arizona State University came up with the term BIRG Basking In Reflected Glory to describe the intense pride fans feel when their teams succeed． It can be used as a verb， as in， "Seahawks fans are currently BIRGING up a storm．" The counterpoint， as coined by researchers C．R． Snyder， Mary Anne Lassergard and Carol E， Ford， is the concept of CORFing Cutting Off Reflected Failure．（4）　　． We've all heard it in action： We won， but they lost．

This leads into another concept， that of cognitive bias， also known as confirmation bias， which causes fans to help explain away defeats by blaming outside factors， such as referees． I'm sure it would also help explain why Seahawks fans rallied around Richard Sherman after his postgame interview， rationalizing behavior that was widely criticized by many fans with no vested interest． It could also explain the notion of "eustress"， invented by endocrinologist Hans Selye to refer to a combination of euphoria （极度愉快的心情） and stress， such as that resulting from watching tense sporting events． Indeed， it's much of the appeal．

Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A． counting B． determined C． distraction D． environmental E． focus F． modified

G． naturally H． performing I． worsening J． comprehensively K． significant

Myopia， or short﹣sightedness， is a condition in which distant objects appear blurred （模糊的）， but closer objects can usually be seen in sharp focus． Its biological basis is an eye that， during childhood， has grown too long for its optical power． The focal plane for images of distant objects ends up in front of the retina， causing out﹣of （1）　　perception．

Myopia was once regarded as almost totally genetically （2）　　． But its prevalence （流行） has increased spectacularly in urban mainland China， Hong Kong， Taiwan， Singapore， Japan and South Korea， where 80﹣90% of those completing high school are now short﹣sighted． This is up from 20﹣30% only two generations ago． Since gene pools do not change that fast， these massive changes must be due to（3）　　change． In 2005， we （4）　　reviewed the research on myopia and found a correlation with education．（This was not a particularly novel insight： such a link was supposed as far back as Kepler in 1604．） We found locations with a high prevalence of myopia were all top performers in surveys of international educational outcomes．

Fortunately， not all high （5）　　locations， Australia among them， showed a high prevalence of myopia． This shows that high educational outcomes do not necessarily lead to myopia． We also hypothesized that all human population groups had a tendency to develop myopia under particular environmental conditions． Indeed． North America and Europe have seen growing rates of myopia， although they are still nowhere near as high as in East and Southeast Asia．

A common cutoff for high myopia is 5 diopters （屈光度）． This means vision is blurred beyond 20cm from the eyes． Such severe or high myopia increases with age and can lead to visual impairment that can't be corrected． The prevalence of high myopia has now reached 20% in young adults in East and Southeast Asia， which foreshadows major increases in visual （6）　　and blindness as these young adults age． So prevention of myopia has become crucial， particularly for East and Southeast Asia．

Australia has （7）　　low levels of myopia with a lifestyle that emphasizes outdoors activities． Young children report spending two to three hours a day outside， not （8）　　time outdoors at school． However， there are formidable barriers to achieving this benchmark in locations where spending time outdoors is seen as a（n）（9）　　from study． Policy responses must therefore also aim to slow the progression of myopia， the phenomenon in which mild to （10）　　myopia becomes more severe during childhood． There is currently controversy over whether time outdoors slows progression， but strong seasonal effects on progression suggest that it may．

After reading the passage below ， fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word ， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word ； for the other blanks ， use one word that best fits each blank.

Millions of Baby Olive Ridley Turtles Emerge in Orissa

Nature is full of wonders． In （1）　　is one of the most breathtaking sights in nature， millions of baby Ridley turtles broke out of their eggshells under the sand at one of their mass nesting grounds in coastal Orissa． The baby turtles started their journey towards the Bay of Bengal （2）　　they emerged from their nest in the southern district of Ganjam， about 175 km from Bhubaneshwar．

Orissa is the home to three mass nesting sites of the Oliver turtles， a species （3）　　（threaten） with extinction， and one of the sites， Gahirmatha，（4）　　around 70 to 80 million turtles lay eggs on the beach every year， is considered one of the world's largest nesting sites．

The female turtles drag （5）　　up the beach from the sea， dig a nest， lay at least one hundred eggs， cover and conceal their eggs and nest， and then return to the sea． The females never visit the nest again to take care of the eggs that （6）　　（deposit） in the warm sand．

The baby turtles emerge from the eggs after 45 60 days， then the babies grow without their mother， which is a rare phenomenon in nature， Interestingly， it is on the same beach where they were born （7）　　the females lay their eggs．

In the recent years， sea erosion has led to many turtles' nest （8）　　（damage） or destroyed． Also， some fierce animals such as dogs and birds （9）　　（reduce） the number of nesting turtles． And of course man has also had a negative impact （10）

　　using engine﹣powered fishing boats near the turtles' nesting grounds．

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

There are several reasons why school uniforms are good idea. First of all, uniforms help the school look smart. The students feel that they belong to a particular group. When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody ____1____ (have) to worry about fashion(时尚). Everybody wears____2____ same style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways, A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ____3____gives off light in the dark. When the children are walking or ____4____ (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can ____5____ (easy) see them.

But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer ____6____ this question is not clear. One study in America found that students' grades ____7____ (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. But some students didn't want ____8___ (wear) the uniform. Other American studies showed no ____9___(connect) between uniforms and school performance.

School uniforms are ___10_____ (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them. Some very good schools don't have a uniform policy. However, uniforms are still popular. Pupils at about 90 percent of British secondary schools wear uniforms.

caused by being hurt	Making us unhappy; distracting from daily life; Ruining relationships; making us close to new things.
Definition of forgiveness	●Letting go of the ; ●Moving on to a better place.
Benefits of forgiveness	●Making you happier; ● from the past and the pain; ●Improving your relationships and life in general
	●Thinking about the advantages and disavantages; ●Trying to understand the other person as if you were in the same situation； ●Figuring out ; ●Allowing peace to enter your life.