ThewordcartooncameformItalian.-优题课

Parents of very young children know this：You catch your child in the act of stealing the cookie﹣﹣the evidence of candy written on his or her face．However，you get a wide﹣eyed denial："I didn't do it!"

Learning to tell the truth，even at the risk of punishment，is an important part of moral （道德） development，and new research suggests it can take seven or more years for kids to get there．

Early 2017 Professor Craig E．Smith published a study．He and his workmates chose 48children between four and nine years of age．They told the kids a story about a boy or girl doing something wrong，such as taking a classmate's toy or candy，and then either lying about the wrongdoing to a parent or confessing （承认） it．In each case，they asked the children，How would the child feel？How would the mother feel？

The children's answers were generally divided according to age，which is in agreement with the stolen candy，lying and getting unpunished．They imagined the parent in the study would be angry with the child who confessed．However，the seven﹣to﹣nine﹣year﹣olds were more likely （可能的） to think the child would feel better confessing the crime and that the parent would have positive （积极的） feelings towards a confessor．

Smith says，"Kids of all ages who expect that a parent would feel happy about a child's confession are more likely to tell the truth rather than lie．Reward the honesty even if you feel you must punish the wrong action．"He adds，what parents can learn from these studies is to listen calmly without getting angry right away when their child confesses．

42．What does the underlined word"denial"in Paragraph 1mean？　　

A．委屈 B．责备 C．否认 D．拒绝

43．Paragraph 2 mainly tell us　　．

A．kids can't tell"right"from"wrong"

B．it takes time for kids to learn to tell the truth

C．it's wrong to punish kids for telling the truth

D．all the kids are willing to confess to a bad act

44．What did Smith and his workmates find in their study？　　

A．Older kids are more likely than younger children to confess to a bad act．

B．Younger children are more likely than older kids to confess to a bad act．

C．The four﹣to﹣five﹣year﹣olds would feel better confessing the crime

D．The seven﹣to﹣nine﹣year﹣olds thought parents would be angry with their confessions．

45．According to Professor Smith，what can parents learn from these studies？　　

A．Parents should at once punish the children who lied．

B．Parents should tell children the wrongness of lying．

C．Parents should never get angry after their children's confessions．

D．Parents should show positive feeling about their children's confessions．

In 1990，Ed Viesturs started for the top of Mount Everest （29，029 feet） from a high camp at 27，000 feet．He planned to climb it without oxygen tank，something only a few climbers had managed to do．He'd failed twice，once getting with 300 feet of the top before turning back．

He left his high camp at 1a．m．，using a headlamp to find his way in the dark．He'd already been on the mountain for two months，receiving endurance and strength training in preparation for the Everest climb．He'd also lived through terrible cold，strong winds，and separation from friends and family．

"The common practice was to use oxygen when climbing，as it，in fact，lowers the altitude （海拔） of the mountain by several thousand feet，"says Viesturs．"If I couldn't climb Everest without oxygen tank，I wouldn't climb it．"

"You have to be physically fit，"he says．"But the mental （精神的） part is big．It's so hard to keep going above 20，000 feet．"

While making that final climb on Everest，he breathed 15times for every step．He would tell himself to first reach the rock 100 yards ahead．Then he'd find another rock，then another．Finally he stood on the top，with the whole world at his feet．"It was one of those dream﹣come﹣true moments，"Viesturs says．

Today，Viesturs makes his living in part as a speaker，talking about his climb of Everest and of the world's 13other highest mountain，all without oxygen．He helps people find the strength to overcome their difficulties．

Finally，in his words，"The art of mountaineering is knowing when to go，when to stay，and when to turn back．We should go step when working toward our dreams．There are no shortcuts to the top．"

（1）What does the article mainly talk about？　　

A．Viesturs'first successful climb of Mount Everest．

B．Viesturs'physical preparation for climbing Everest．

C．The difficulties that Viesturs has met in his life．

D．The lessons that Viesturs can share with others．

（2）What do we know about Ed Viesturs？　　

A．As soon as he reached Mount Everest，he set out for Everest climb．

B．He's been to the top of the world's 14highest mountain without oxygen．

C．Well prepared，he had no difficulty climbing the top of Mount Everest．

D．So far，he is the only one to have reached the top of Mount Everest without oxygen．

（3）The first "it" in Paragraph 3 refers to （指的是）　　．

A．being physical fit

B．climbing Everest

C．using oxygen when climbing

D．climbing without oxygen

（4）Which sentence should go in the empty box in the last paragraph？　　

A．I like being near the top of a mountain．

B．Life is like climbing a mountain．

C．You never climb the mountain twice．

D．Over every mountain there is a path．

Still in shock!I moved around the house purposelessly trying to decide what to put into the suitcases （行李箱）．Earlier that evening，I'd received a call telling me that my brother was killed in a car crash．"Come as soon as you can．"cried my mother．

I wanted to hurry to her at once．But my husband，Larry，and I were packing to move from New York to Seattle．Our house was in total mess．Supper dishes sat on the kitchen table．Toys lay everywhere．I purposelessly picked things up and put them down．Mother's crying went through my head again and again．

Larry called some friends to tell them what had happened．Someone asked to speak to me．"If there's anything I can do，let me know．"But I didn't know what to ask for．

Suddenly，the doorbell rang．It was Emerson．He and his wife Donna lived in the block nearby．

"I've come to clean your shoes，"he said．

I asked him to repeat．

"Donna had to stay with the baby，"he said，"but we want to help you．I remember when my father died，it took me hours to clean our shoes for the funeral （葬礼）．Give me all your shoes．"

I gathered all our dirty shoes to the kitchen．Emerson got to work right away．Watching him devoting himself to one task helped me pull my own thoughts into order．I told myself to wash clothes first．Then，Larry and I bathed the children and put them to bed．One job after another．

When we returned to clear the dishes，Emerson had left．All our shoes stood in a line against the wall，clean，shining．I couldn't help crying．Early next morning，we left for the airport with all the jobs done．

Now whenever I hear of a friend who's lost a loved one，I no longer call with the polite offer，"If there's anything I can do …"Instead I try to think of one specific task that suits that man's need，like taking the dog to the boarding kennel，or house﹣sitting during the funeral．If the person asks，"How did you know I needed that one？"I reply，"Because a man once cleaned my shoes．"

34．The writer didn't know what to put into the suitcases because　　．

A．she couldn't do it on her own

B．she was too sad to do anything

C．she wanted to take everything to Seattle

D．she was not good at housework

35．Here's a time line of what happened in the story．

The writer's brother was killed in a car crash．→_________

→The writer washed the clothes．→They left for the airport．

Which of the events should go in the empty box above？　　

A．Emerson came to clean the shoes．

B．The couple bathed the children．

C．They cleared the supper dishes

D．The writer found the shoes cleaned．

36．If one of her friends has lost a loved one，what will the writer probably NOT do？　　

A．Call her friend to ask what she can do．

B．Look after her friend's young children．

C．Take her friend's dog to the boarding kennel．

D．Offer her friend house﹣sitting during the funeral．

37．Which sentences best expresses the theme of this story？　　

A．One person's loss is another's gain．

B．An act of kindness is often rewarded．

C．A near neighbour is better than a brother far off．

D．Do something specific to help those in need．

The 9/11 Memorial & Museum honors the 2，983 victims in the terrorist attacks on September 11，200

1and February 26，1993．The 9/11 Memorial is also a place to honor those who risked their lives to save others．The 9/11 Museum is well﹣known for preserving the history of the events of September 11．They are

located at the World Trade Center．We strongly recommend the use of public transport there．There are eight undergrounds to get you there．

Memorial Hours of Operation

Open daily 7：30 a．m．﹣9：00 p．m．

Museum Hours of Operation

Sunday﹣Thursday，9：00 a．m．﹣8：00 p．m．/Last entry at 6：00 p．m．

Friday and Saturday，9：00 a．m．﹣9：00 p．m．/Last entry at 7：00 p．m．

Museum Tickets

	Museum Admission	Museum Admission & Museum Tour	Museum Admission & Memorial Tour
Adult （ages 18﹣64）	24	44	39
Senior （ages 65+）	18	38	33
US College Students	18	38	33
Youth （ages7﹣17）	15	35	30

*Children 6 and under are free．

*Join a guide on a Memorial tour．Explore the historical importance of the World Trade Center．You can buy the Memorial tour ticket separately．The price is 15per person．

*Join a guide on a Museum tour，examining authentic artifacts （真品） to understand what happened on 9/11，and the history and rebuilding of the World Trade Center．The price is ＄20per person but you need to get the Museum admission （入场券） first．

For a full list of options，visit 911 memorial．org/tours．

31．According to the passage，which of the following sentences is TRUE？　　

A．The 9/11 Memorial only honors the victims．

B．You can enter the Museum at 6：30 p．m．on Sunday．

C．You are advised to take underground there．

D．Join a Memorial tour to understand what happened on 9/11．

32．If Mr．Black （60 years old） and his grandson John （7 years old） want to join the Museum tour，they need to pay　　 for the tickets．

A.39 B.40 C.69 D.79

33．The passage probably comes from　　．

A．a film magazine

B．a history textbook

C．a government report

D．a travelling guide．

阅读短文，按要求回答问题．

Marco Polo was born in Italy in 1254．When he was 17，he travelled across Europe and Asian along the Silk Road with his father，who wanted to do trade with the Chinese．Finally they arrived in Beijing．They were guests at the Emperor's Palace．Although Marco was young，he was very clever and could speak four languages．The Emperor was impressed by him and they became friends．He asked Marco to serve in his court and sent him to do many important tasks across the country．

Marco was amazed by how beautiful China was．He was impressed bu Beijing and the Emperor's Palace，especially the Summer Palace which he described as "The greatest palace that ever was…"The walls were covered in gold and silver and the hall was so large it could easily seat 6，000people for dinner．"

There were inventions and developments in China which couldn't focused in Europe at that time．Marco was surprised to see Chinese people using paper money in the markets．In Europe，people paid for goods with gold and silver．He could not understand how people pay for food and valuable things with paper! He was also puzzled by the black stones people used to burn to produce heat．The black stones were coal，but Marco had never seen coal before!

In 1291，after 17years of service to the Emperor，Marco returned to Italy．He was now a very wealthy man．A writer wrote down all the stories that Marco told him in a book called The Description of the World，which became one of the best﹣selling books in Europe．

Although people enjoyed reading the book，many of them thought that Marco's stories about China were too fantastic to be true．But Marco always stood by his tales．Just before he died，aged 70，Marco was asked the question，"Was it all true？"And this was his answer："I have only told a half what I saw!"

69．Why did Marco Polo and his father travel to China？　　

70．What does Paragraph 2mainly tell us？　　

71．Marco Polo saw that there were inventions and developments in China which couldn't be found in Europe at that time．Give TWO examples．　　

72．Was Marco Polo the writer of the book The Description of the World？　　

73．What does the last sentence"I have only told a half what I saw!"mean？　　．