Amanhadalittledaughter—anonlya-优题课

Once again, science supports what your grandmother told you: A good night's sleep helps your body fight a cold.
People who averaged fewer than seven hours of sleep per 1in the weeks before being exposed to the cold virus were nearly three times 2likely to get sick as those who 3eight hours or more, a new study found.
Researchers used frequent telephone 4to track the sleep 5of more than 150 men and women aged 21 to 55 over the course of a few weeks. Then they 6the subjects to the virus, quarantined them for five days and kept 7of who got sick.
8sleeping more, sleeping better also seemed to 9the body fight illness: Patients who fared better on a measure 10as 'sleep efficiency' - the percentage of time in bed that you're actually sleeping - were also 11likely to get sick.
The results held 12even after researchers 13for variables such as body-mass index, age, sex, smoking and pre-existing antibodies to the 14 .
15your grandmother, the researchers aren't exactly sure 16sleeping better makes you less likely to 17a cold. But they 18take a stab at the answer: 'Sleep disturbance influences the regulation of proinflammatory cytokines（促炎细胞因子）, histamines, and other symptom mediators that are released in response to infection.' In plain English, maybe tossing and turning when you're 19with the cold virus 20to the symptoms that define a cold.
The researchers were based at Carnegie Mellon, the University of Pittsburgh and the University of Virginia, and the study was funded by the National Institutes of Health.
( ) 1. A. day B. night C. week D. month
( ) 2. A. more B. as C. less D. same
( ) 3. A. occurred B. worked C. averaged D. longed
( ) 4. A. interviews B. reports C. announcements D. demands
( ) 5. A. hobbies B. quality C. progress D. habits
( ) 6. A. exposed B. placed C. protected D. prayed
( ) 7. A. touch B. check C. track D. reward
( ) 8. A. Except B. Besides C. Within D. Through
( ) 9. A. benefit B. guard C. help D. assist
( ) 10. A. known B. acted C. appointed D. classified
( ) 11. A. more B. less C. far D. totally
() 12. A. ideal B. false C. actual D. true
( ) 13. A. adopted B. adjusted C. enlarged D. employed
( ) 14. A. bodies B. cells C. virus D. medicines
( ) 15. A. Like B. As C. Against D. By
( ) 16. A. What B. When C. Where D. Why
( ) 17. A. develop B. form C. fight D. prevent
( ) 18. A. did B. often C. do D. never
( ) 19. A. infected B. surrounded C. limited D. attached
( ) 20. A. pulls B. promotes C. speeds D. contributes

What sounds or impressions are you making on the people around you? Think about it. Your words, phrases, even your message may soon be forgotten but believe me, good or 1, your melody music.
An odd choice of phrase? Not really. The dictionary 2melody? as a succession of sounds, and what is life other than the combining and blending of a succession of movements and sounds.
Just as a musical composition affects the moods and emotions of people who hear it, so too does the way you live your3.
Think of your life as a 4sheet of manuscript paper. Only the rhythm is there ------it is 5to you to create the harmony. Naturally you will want your composition to be a 6, a chart buster' even a Symphony - something to be remembered with pleasure.
So where to 7? YOU MUST BEGIN WITH YOURSELF. Have the right 8, enjoy life, - and most importantly, be optimistic about the future.
Be really 9in other people. Make a conscience effort to bring peace and happiness into other people's lives.
10situations that generate excessive ambition, envy, anger
and pride. They are all 11of peace and will play ruin with your harmony.
12has been said that if these emotions or feelings were forgotten, the world would live in permanent peace. Well, to banish（消除） them from the world is probably aiming a bit high but it shouldn't be too 13to rid them from your own life.
Develop features such as smart, social, and sensitivity. These attributes are invaluable in enhancing not only your own life but the lives of those around you.
Everything you do has an 14on those around you. The way you move, whether you 15or frown. You are capable of making someone's day bright or miserable.
Take time to16other people. If there are too many discords & not enough harmony in their lives, 17them to have a brighter outlook.
Throughout the world most people are striving for 18.
From the family unit 19around the dinner table to world leaders at the conference table, the name of the game is the pursuit of peace.
So, let us all play our part in composing the rhythm of life by consciously choosing peace and harmony in our daily lives to 20a harmonious Universe.
( ) 1. A. wrong B. false C. bad D. harmful
( ) 2. A. defines B. thinks C. regards D. acts
( ) 3. B. school B. home C. life D. college
( ) 4. A. blank B. used C. full D. deserted
( ) 5. A. ready B. decided C. possible D. up
( ) 6. A. failure B. success C. model D. mess
( ) 7. A. do B. write C. make D. begin
( ) 8. A. attitude B. type C. mood D. opinion
( ) 9. A. enthusiastic B. mild C. interested D. cautious
( ) 10. A. Choose B. Discover C. Avoid D. Design
( ) 11. A. enemies B. friends C. conditions D. helps
( ) 12. A. Which B. It C. What D. These
( ) 13. A. easy B. willing C. difficult D. terrifying
( ) 14. A. effort B. mark C. damage D. effect
( ) 15. A. smile B. cry C. shout D. talk
( ) 16. A. attack B. listen to C. change D. interview
( ) 17. A. encourage B. defeat C. train D. stop
( ) 18. A. war B. peace C. fight D. talk
( ) 19. A. arranged B. reached C. seated D. loaded
( ) 20. A. create B. invent C. seek D. protect

For those who are conditioned to think that learning only happens in a classroom, the world of self-learning can be a little daunting. How do we best take 1of these new opportunities?
Your interest in the subject is the essential driver of success. You can’t learn what you do not want to learn. Emotion is an important part of the learning 2. If you are even moderately interested in a subject, give yourself a chance. The key is to get started. If you can create some pleasurable 3, you may find that the subject grows on you.
Don’t expect to understand things, much less remember them, the first time you study them. Trust that things will get clearer 4your brain comes to grips with new information. It is like a cross-word puzzle. As you start to put the pieces together, or string the words together, the full picture becomes clearer. The brain learns all the time, but 5its own schedule. Learning does not take place according to a schedule laid down by a curriculum or teacher. Some things are easier to learn than others. Some things just take 6to click in. Keep at it, and you will gradually find that things that seem difficult at first , will become easy with time.
Your brain is struggling to form patterns to 7new input from your learning activities. Sometimes, no matter how long you focus on one subject, your brain is not going to pick it up. If you are stuck, move 8. Then cover the same general information from a different source, a different book, or a podcast, or an online lecture or a video. Try to become a grazing learner, roaming the countryside, 9a feedlot learner, just standing there in one spot. The broader your base, the easier it is to learn. Just as the “rich get richer”, the more you know, 10you can learn.
Take full advantage of the Internet, iTunes, and 11mobile devices, not to mention good old-fashioned books and magazines. Learn during “dead time”. Listen in your car, on the train, or 12jogging. Have your learning with you while waiting in the doctor’s office, or listen while checking out at the supermarket. Anytime is 13time. Remember, you are learning through exposure, not by nailing things down. It is more like moisture accumulation in a 14, rather than building a brick wall.
The more varied your learning content, and the more varied the ways in which you learn, the 15 the puzzle will become. Different learning activities suit different people, at different times of the day. Vary your activities in order to keep your interest level 16. Even if listening and reading work best for you, treat yourself to the odd video lecture, or get-together with other learners. This will renew your batteries.
The “loneliness of the distance learner” is a thing of the 17. Join a learning communityon the web, where members share their knowledge and experience. Search for the communities that suit your interests and learning style. You will find encouragement, advice and stimulus from fellow learners, 18from tutors, teachers and coaches. In these communities, you can measure your progress against your own goals, or compare your experience 19that of other learners. You can even teach and help others, which is a great way to learn.
Never has it been easier nor more exciting to be a learner. Let constant learning be a major part of your life-style. The 20will be constant, personally, socially, and professionally.
( ) 1. A. advantage B. place C. possession D. example
( ) 2. A. progress B. process C. pressure D. proposal
( ) 3. A. roads B. streets C. routines D. building
() 4. A. with B. if C. unless D. as
( ) 5. A. on B. to C. with D. for
( ) 6. A. shorter B. sooner C. longer D. lower
( ) 7. A. take with B. com with C. go with D. cope with
( ) 8. A. down B. on C. away D. off
( ) 9. A. more than B. less than C. rather than D. other than
( ) 10. A. less B. quicker C. lower D. more
( ) 11. A. same B. similar C. familiar D. various
( ) 12. A. while B. before C. after D. if
( ) 13. A. playing B. learning C. talking D. speaking
( ) 14. A. cloud B. sky C. earth D. sea
( ) 15. A. cleaner B. clearer C. harder D. lower
( ) 16. A. down B. up C. in D. out
( ) 17. A. present B. day C. past D. night
( ) 18. A. as long as B. as far as C. as well as D. as soon as
( ) 19. A. without B. with C. to D. beyond
( ) 20. A. awards B. words C. remarks D. rewards

Are you a social butterfly, or do you prefer being at the edge of a group of friends? Either way, your genes and evolution may play a major1, US researchers reported on Monday.
While it may come as no surprise that genes may help explain 2 some people have many friends and others have 3 , the researchers said, their findings go just a little farther than that.
"Some of the things we find are4uncommon," said Nicholas Christakis of Harvard University in Massachusetts, who helped5the study.
"We find that how interconnected your friends are6 on your genes. Some people have four friends who know each other and some people have four friends who don't7each other. 8 Dick and Harry know each other depends on Tom's 9 ," Christakis said in a telephone interview.
Christakis and colleague James Fowler of the University of California San Diego are 10known for their studies that show obesity, smoking and happiness spread in networks.
For this study, they and Christopher Dawes of UCSD used national data that11more than 1,000 identical(同卵的) and fraternal（异卵的） twins’ genes. Because 12 share an environment, these studies are good for showing the impact that genes have13 various things, because identical twins14 all their genes while fraternal twins share just half.
"We found there appears to be a genetic tendency to introduce your friends15 each other," Christakis said.
There could be good, evolutionary reasons16 this. People in the middle of a social network could be secret to useful gossip, 17the location of food or good investment choices.
But they would also be at risk of catching effects from all sides -- in which case the advantage would18more cautious social behavior, they wrote in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
"It may be that natural selection is 19not just things like whether or not we can resist the common cold, but also who it is that we are going to come into 20 with," Fowler said in a statement.
( ) 1. A. role B. rule C. roll D. pole
( ) 2. A. where B. why C. when D. how
() 3. A. a few B. several C. few D. some
( ) 4. A. generally B. mainly C. mostly D. frankly
( ) 5. A. conduct B. introduce C. conflict D. instruct
( ) 6. A. depends B. bases C. take D. put
( ) 7. A. see B. inspect C. learn D. know
( ) 8. A. When B. Where C. What D. Whether
( ) 9. A. genes B. brains C. appearances D. figures
() 10. A. much B. best C. very D. least
() 11. A. recorded B. illustrated C. described D. compared
() 12. A. brothers B. sisters C. twins D. cousins
() 13. A. with B. on C. for D. to
() 14. A. share B. have C. own D. show
() 15. A. into B. to C. in D. from
( ) 16. A. for B. with C. to D. at
( ) 17. A. in addition to B. due to C. as for D. such as
() 18. A. lie on B. bring in C. lie in D. send in
( ) 19. A. acting on B. putting on C. relying on D. sending on
( ) 20. A. contract B. face C. join D. contact

Seasonal influenza is characterized by a sudden fever, cough, headache, muscle and joint pain, sore throat and runny nose. Most people recover from fever and 1 symptoms within a week without requiring medical attention. But influenza can2 severe illness or death in people at high risk. The time from infection to illness is about two days.
Yearly influenza epidemics can 3affect all age groups, but the highest risk of complications occur among children younger than age two, adults age 65 or older, and people of 4age with certain medical conditions, such as chronic heart, lung, kidney, liver, blood or metabolic diseases, or weakened immune systems.
Seasonal influenza 5easily and can sweep through schools, nursing homes or businesses and towns. When an6person coughs, infected droplets get into the air and another person can breathe them 7and be exposed. The virus can also be spread by hands infected with the virus. 8transmission, people should cover their mouth and nose with a tissue when coughing, and 9their hands regularly.
Drugs for influenza are 10in some countries and effectively prevent and treat the illness. Some influenza viruses develop 11to the antiviral medicines, limiting the effectiveness of treatment.
Influenza epidemics occur 12during autumn and winter in temperate regions. Illnesses result in hospitalizations and deaths mainly among high-risk groups. Worldwide, these annual epidemics result in about three to five million 13of severe illness, and about 250 000 to 500 000 deaths.
Influenza can cause serious public health and economic problems. In 14countries, epidemics can result in high levels of worker absenteeism and productivity15. 16most people recover from a bout(轮) of influenza, there are large numbers of people who need hospital treatment and many 17die from the disease every year. 18is known about the effects of influenza epidemics in developing countries.
The most 19way to prevent the disease or severe outcomes from the illness is vaccination. Vaccination is especially important for people at higher risk of serious influenza complications, and for people who live with or care 20high risk individuals.
( ) 1. A. its B. it’s C. all D. other
( ) 2. A. cause B. lead C. result D. bring
( ) 3. A. lightly B. slightly C. seriously D. heavily
( ) 4. A. all B. any C. no D. both
( ) 5. A. goes B. spreads C. comes D. happens
( ) 6. A. to infect B. infecting C. infected D. infect
( ) 7. A. off B. away C. out D. in
( ) 8. A. To prevent B. To protect C. To prepare D. To prefect
( ) 9. A. wash B. washing C. to wash D. washed
( ) 10. A. free B. available C. useful D. helpful
( ) 11. A. assistance B. resistance C. consistence D. preference
( ) 12. A. monthly B. weekly C. daily D. yearly
( ) 13. A. pieces B. states C. conditions D. cases
( ) 14. A. developed B. developing C. big D. small
( ) 15. A. lose B. losses C. loose D. lost
( ) 16. A. For B. Because C. While D. Whether
( ) 17. A. / B. which C. do D. who
( ) 18. A. Little B. Much C. Few D. Lot
( ) 19. A. affective B. effective C. attractive D. aggressive
( ) 20. A. about B. of C. for D. to