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Boris Worm of Dalhousie University in Nova Scotia, Canada, led the international team that did the study. Professor Worm says species have recently been disappearing from oceans at increasing speed. At this rate, he says, all seafood species could collapse by 2048 and seafood supplies from the world’s ocean could be almost gone by then.
Other studies have also warned about the dangers of overfishing and the effects on ocean environments. But not everyone thinks the oceans are likely to be empty in fifty years. Some scientists said parts of the world do have problems, but others are doing a good job of protecting fish populations. Government officials in several countries with large fishing industries also questioned the research.
The study appeared earlier this month in Science magazine.
The researchers say damage to oceans affects not only fish populations but also the productivity of ecosystems. These complex systems help control water quality. The scientists say the loss of different kinds of sea life appeared to increase the risk of fish kills and beach closures from harmful algae growth.
The scientists examined the results of thirty-two experiments and observed forty-eight protected areas. They also looked at records of catches worldwide. They studied records from the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization for nineteen fifty to two thousand three. And they examined archeological information and other historical records for twelve coastal areas. That research reached back over a thousand years.
Boris Worm says the findings were, in his words, "beyond anything we suspected." But he also said the situation is not too late to correct. He said that with good fisheries management, some species could completely recover in three to ten years.
Which of the following isn’t the damage to the ocean?     

A.The species of fish in the ocean are reducing.
B.Sea water is polluted.
C.Sea water quality is improved.
D.Less productivity of ecosystem.

The conclusion of the research led by Boris Worm is _________. 

A.unbearable B.unbelievable
C.doubtful D.Convincing

The research led by Boris Worm _________.          

A.was conducted by scientists from Canada
B.referred to information of many countries
C.lasted from 1950 to 2003
D.referred to records dating back to over 1,000 years ago.

Which of the following statements is NOT true?      

A.It’s too late to take action to improve the situation.
B.Some species will recover with efforts.
C.Boris Worm hopes that people take the warning serious.
D.Boris Worm shows great concern about ecosystem.
科目 英语   题型 阅读理解   难度 中等
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“Our aim is to take our art to the world and make people understand what it is to move,” said David Belle, the cofounder of parkour (跑酷).
Do you love running? It is a good exercise, yet many people find it boring. But what if making your morning jog a creative one?Like jumping from walls and over gaps and ground rolls? Just like the James Bond in the movie Casino Royale? Bond jumps down from a roof to a windowsill and then runs several blocks over obstacles on the way. It is just because of Bond's wonderful performances that the sport has become popular worldwide.
Yes, that's parkour, an extreme street sport aimed at moving from one point to another as quickly as possible, getting over all the obstacles in the path using only the abilities of the human body. Parkour is considered an extreme sport. As its participants dash around a city, they may jump over fences, run up walls and even move from rooftop to rooftop.
Parkour can be just as exciting and charming as it sounds,but its participants see parkour much more than that.
Overcoming all the obstacles on the course and in life is part of the philosophy (哲理) behind parkour. This is the same as life. You must determine your destination, go straight, and jump over all the barriers as if in parkour and never fall back from them in your life, to reach the destination successfully. A parkour lover said,“I love parkour because its philosophy has become my life, my way to do everything.”
Another philosophy we've learnt from parkour is freedom. It can be done by anyone, at any time, anywhere in the world. It is a kind of expression of trust in yourself that you earn energy and confidence.
Parkour has become popular throughout the world because of ________.

A.its cofounder, David Belle
B.the film, Casino Royale
C.its risks and tricks
D.the varieties of participants

The underlined word “obstacles” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to “________”.

A.streets B.objects C.barriers D.roofs

Which of the following is TRUE of parkour?

A.It challenges human abilities.
B.It is a good but boring sport.
C.It needs special training.
D.It is a team sport.

Which of the following is the philosophy of parkour?

A.Sports and extremes.
B.Excitement and popularity.
C.Dreams and success.
D.Determination and freedom.

There were a family of nine: the father, the mother, two boys and five girls. The father worked as a kitchen cleaner at a local school and the rest of the family did the same job-----clean people’s yards.
Then one day, the father lost his job at the school. He asked me if I could allow him to clean my yard.He and his family came to our house three times a week to clean the yard.
One Sunday morning, the father suffered a stroke and died in the hospital two days later. The poor family had lost their main bread-winner. The eldest boy had just completed high school and was getting ready to go to college.
For the following years, Andrew, my husband and I did all our best to help make sure the family got their education, and provided some daily needs, like clothes.
. They didn’t have a toilet in their home! Imagine! A mother, a fifteen-year-old girl, and four smaller children without a toilet or bathroom!
The next morning, my friend Peter came to my house. Then I told him I wanted to do something for the poor family. As a helpful man, he promised to offer some money. So together we built a bathroom and a toilet for this family in three days.. And we felt happy, too.

A.Clearly, they lived a poor life.
B.The others were just little kids
C.Realizing his situation, I offered him the job at once.
D.This brought a lot of smiles and happiness to the family.

E.Every day we gave her some pocket money.
F.We visited the family once and one thing made us greatly surprised.
G.You would be surprised to know that this poor family lived in just two rooms!

Our cat has a sweet nature, and she can let us know what she wants. When we fail to meet her needs, she gently leads us in the proper direction. When I forget to fill her water bowl early in the morning, she runs after my legs, and then pushes me in the direction of her bowl. She doesn’t get irritated (生气的); instead, she expresses her wishes in the best way. And I always understand what she is telling me.
One day I found myself envying (羡慕) her simple expression. How many times had I expected my husband or my children to know my wants without my ever giving voice to them? How many times had I been disappointed that they couldn’t understand when I needed a hug, a compliment (恭维) or a chocolate bar?
After a pleasant afternoon with my husband, I wanted to stop somewhere nice and have dinner, but he didn’t understand my hints (暗示). “Couldn’t you see that I wanted to go out to dinner?” I complained when he pulled into our driveway.
“Why didn’t you say so? I can’t read your mind,” he answered in impatience. His words gave me pause. Had I expected him to read my mind? Why hadn’t I expressed my desire more clearly? I realized I had fallen into the female trap of “If you love me, you can read my mind.”
Now, I state my needs clearly and directly. I look at my cat and know she agrees.
Why was the author disappointed in her husband or her children?

A.Her husband didn’t give her a hug.
B.Her children didn’t give her a chocolate bar.
C.They didn’t give her a compliment.
D.They didn’t understand her mind.

What will the author do if she wants something from her husband now?

A.She will give him her hints. B.She lets him guess what she wants.
C.She tells him her needs directly. D.She buys what she wants herself.

What can we learn from the underlined sentence in the fourth paragraph?

A.I realized what I did was wrong.
B.I stopped and didn’t go with my husband.
C.My husband prevented me from going on.
D.My husband stopped me from saying something.

Imagine when you are sailing an ocean for the first time, you see a big fish swimming near your ship. You might be scared, and worried about whether it will turn over your ship for a meal. In fact, it is not a fish at all, but a gentle giant whale.
Whales are not fishes but mammals (哺乳动物). Their body temperature stays the same, and does not change with the temperature of their environment. They breathe air, so they have to come out of the water to get oxygen. Thus, they cannot afford to fall into a sleeping state for too long, since they need to be awake in order to breathe. It is thought that only half of their brains sleep at a time, so that whales are never completely asleep. Females give birth to the young. They have hair. Although they are not covered in hair or fur like many mammals, whales have some bristles (胡子), usually on their heads.
Whales are highly social animals with complex languages and intelligence. They communicate with each other using romantic sounds, called “whale songs”. Being so large and powerful, these sounds are also loud.
Whales are endangered as a result of whaling (捕鲸) from the eleventh century to the twentieth. It has attracted the attention of environmentalists and some measures (措施) have been taken to protect whales.
How many aspects show that whales are mammals?

A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.

We can infer from the second paragraph that ____.

A.whales can breathe in the water
B.if a whale sleeps too long, it will get drowned
C.in order to breathe, whales never sleep
D.whales give birth to the young on the land

How do whales communicate with each other?

A.By body language. B.By speaking languages.
C.By making song-like sounds. D.By giving off a smell.

Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A.Whales are cold-blooded mammals like fishes.
B.Whales are hunted for food by people.
C.Whales are very harmful to human beings.
D.Whales are in danger because of being killed by people.

Years ago people could hardly accept the ideas of a woman's being a doctor.In order to get into medical school in 1847,Elizabeth Blackwell was asked to keep it a secret that she was a woman.This was contrary to her beliefs,and she refused to do it.After entering medical school,Elizabeth often had to summon(鼓起) all her courage to free the unkindness of teachers and classmates.By her great efforts,she was able to complete her studies.Many people came to her graduation just to have a look at a woman doctor.Doctor Blackwell soon found that most people were not as ready as to go to a woman doctor.She had to struggle to make a living.Then came the great day when she was offered a job as a doctor in a hospital.She did so well that she was asked to organize a new hospital and medical college.The United States can now be proud of thousands of women doctors.
How do you think Elizabeth was treated in the medical school?

A.Kindly. B.Unfairly.  C.Normally.  D.Cruelly.

Many people came to see Elizabeth when she graduated ______.

A.because they wanted to congratulate her on being a doctor
B.because they didn't believe she would be famous in the future
C.because they wanted to find out the secret of her success
D.because they weren't sure that she could manage to finish her schooling

The underlined word “contrary” most probably means______.

A.against B.familiar C.wrong D.similiar

When she was at the medical school,Blackwell ______.

A.had to pretend to be a boy student in class
B.was discouraged by the others' critical looks
C.felt sorry that she was a woman
D.made great efforts to do well in her lessons

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