A healthy amount of sunshine may be the secret to staying young. British scientists have discovered.
Vitamin D is produced naturally by the skin in response to(对…的反应) sunlight and may help to slow the ageing process and protect against heart disease, according to the study.
Researchers from King’s College London studied 2,160 women aged between 18 and 79, looking at their telomeres--- a biological marker of ageing found in DNA. As people get older, their telomeres get shorter and they become more susceptible(易受伤害的) to certain illnesses.
But the study found women with high levels of vitamin D had comparatively longer telomeres--- a sign of being biologically younger and healthier.
The study suggests vitamin D may help to slow down the ageing process of DNA, and therefore the ageing process as a whole.
Lead researcher Dr Brent Richards said, “These results are exciting because they show for the first time that people who have higher levels of vitamin D may age more slowly than people with lower levels of vitamin D.” This could help to explain how vitamin D has a protective effect on many ageing related diseases, such as heart disease and cancer.”
Professor Tim Spector, a co-author of the report, added, “Although it might sound absurd
(荒唐的), it’s possible that the same sunshine which may increase our risk of skin cancer may also have a healthy effect on the general ageing process.”
Vitamin D made by the action of sunlight on the skin accounts for 90 percent of the body’s supply, but lower levels can also be got through food such as fish, eggs and breakfast cereals(粥).
Other studies have suggested the vitamin plays a key role in protecting against cancer and heart disease. A certain amount of sunshine helps people stay young because _____.
| A．people feel happy and energetic in the sun |
| B．sunshine protects people against heart disease |
| C．vitamin D makes one’s skin look young and healthy |
| D．vitamin D may help to slow the ageing process |
From Brent Richards, we know that _____.
| A．sunlight causes skin cancer to people with high level of vitamin D |
| B．the study generally has a healthy effect on the general ageing process |
| C．vitamin D can only be got from fish, eggs and breakfast cereals |
| D．the higher levels of vitamin D people have, the more slowly people may age |
What can we infer from the passage?
A. Telomeres are important signs of ageing of the DNA.
B. Sunlight can be dangerous as it causes skin cancer.
C. Sunlight does a great deal of good to our health.
D. Vitamin D can also be gained from food. What is the best title of the passage?
| A．Secret of Staying Young |
| B．Vitamin D Helps Slow Ageing |
| C．Sunlight and Vitamin D |
| D．Sunlight and Health |
Dear College Dean
It is my understanding that this college has received a large donation to be used to enhance (improve) the quality of life for students: expand the bookstore or add computers to the computer lab. It is the tradition of this school to promote education and to be in the vanguard of new technology. That is why I strongly argue in favor of the addition of more computers to the computer lab.
Although expanding the campus bookstore to include CDs, gifts, and a snack bar will give a nicer look to the college, we have to think about a greater goal and a more practical way to enhance the quality of life for students. What do we want for our students and our college? Do we want our college to be known as a place with a great bookstore where you can find CDs and gifts, or as a place where the students can explore and research in their field using the best tools provided by technology? In addition, there are already several snack bars on campus, and there are music stores nearby, so students do not depend on the college bookstore for these things.
We live in a highly technological world and computers play an increasingly important role in how we live. As a learning institution, this college has the responsibility to offer its students the best technology to help them prepare for their future. Many students will be expected to be familiar with the latest software and other tools when they go on to work or to graduate school.
While they are in college, students find they are expected to use computers. Many professors expect students to use computers to do homework or to complete projects. Students are asked to create PowerPoint presentations and use spreadsheets and database programs, as well as to research many topics on the Internet. Since students are competing for good grades, those who have limited access to computers are at a great disadvantage. Furthermore, being able to do projects using the computer enhances the process of learning, giving students the opportunity to find information that without a computer would be much more difficult to find.
If there are more computers, students will also be able to complete their work more efficiently. No more will they have to wait in line, paper and disk in hand, while scanning the room for an empty chair and computer. No longer will they have to sit and wait while an outdated computer struggles to follow their commands. Having more new and faster computers available will enable students to finish their work more quickly.
The more computers are used in society the more colleges will depend on them as a tool of teaching and learning. Making computers more available to students facilitates their learning process by making the process easier, more interesting, more engaging, and in the process enhancing their quality of life
68．The purpose of the author in writing the passage is__________
A．to describe the problems caused by lack of computers
B．to explain why students are in great need of computers
C．to tell us what benefits students can gain from computers
D．to persuade the Dean to purchase more advanced computers
69．From the passage we can infer that______
A．present computers in the college cannot meet the demands of the students
B．computers in the college will be updated to meet the student’s demands soon
C．the college has the responsibility to help the students to prepare for their future
D．it is also necessary to expand the college bookstore by using part of the donation
70．In paragraph 4, the author mainly wants to tell us that_______
A．computers are beneficial to students’ academic success
B．computers are helpful to student’s competition for success
C．students find it convenient to do assignments by using computers
D．students wish to use the money to buy more advanced computers
71．Which of the following shows the organization of the passage?
CP: Central Point P: Point SP: Sub-point（次要点） C: Conclusion
Every baby born a decade from now will have its genetic code (基因编码) mapped at birth, the head of the worlds’ leading genome sequencing (基因图谱) company has predicted.
A complete DNA read – out for every newborn will be technically possible and affordable in less than five years, promising a revolution in healthcare, says Jay Flatley, the chief executive of Illumina. Only social and legal problems are likely to delay the age of “genome sequences,” or genetic profiles. By 2019 it will have become routine to map infants’ genes when they are born, Dr Flatly told The Times.
This will open a new approach to medicine, by which conditions such as high blood pressure and heart disease can be predicted and prevented and drugs used more safely and effectively.
A baby’s genome can be discovered at birth by a blood test. By examining a person’s genome, it is possible to identify raised risks of developing diseases such as cancers. Those at high risk can then be screened more regularly, or given drugs or dietary advice to lower their chances of becoming ill.
Personal genomes could also be used to ensure that patients get the medicine that is most likely to work for them and least likely to have side – effects.
The development, however, will raise legal concerns about privacy and access to individuals’ genetic records.
“Bad things can be done with the genome. It could predict something about someone – and you could possibly hand the information to their employer or their insurance company.” said Dr Flatley.
“People have to recognize that this horse is out of the barn, and that your genome probably can’t be protected, because everywhere you go you leave your genome behind. Complete genetic privacy, however, is unlikely to be possible”, he added.
As the benefits become clearer, however, he believes that most people will want their genomes read and interpreted. The risk is nothing compared with the gain.
64．In the first two paragraphs, the author mainly wants to tell us about__________.
A．the significant progress in medicine
B．the promise of a leading company
C．the information of babies’ genes
D．the research of medical scientists
65．Which of the following is a problem caused by this approach?
A．The delaying in discovering DNA.
B．The risk of developing diseases at birth.
C．The side – effects of medicine on patients.
D．The letting out of personal genetic information.
66．What does the underlined sentence “… this horse is out of the barn” mean?
A．Genetic mapping technique has been widely used.
B．Genetic mapping technique is too horrible to control.
C．People are eager to improve genetic mapping technique.
D．people can’t stop genetic mapping technique advancing.
67．What’s Dr Flatley’s attitude towards the technology?
A．Tolerant. B．Conservative. C．Positive. D．Doubtful.
A. You and Me, Baby
|
B. Ruff! Ruff! Where's Scruff?
|
C. The Giving Tree
|
D. Where the Wild Things Are
|
60. Little Tom who likes to read picture books with a hide-and-seek adventure will be likely to buy _____.
A. Ruff! Ruff! Where’s Scruff? B. You and Me, Baby
C. The Giving Tree D. Where the Wild Things Are
61. How much will you pay if you order three books named Where the Wild Things Are?
A. $16.26 B$ 75 C. $ 50.58 D. $34.59
62. Which of the following is not true according to the passage?
A. The language of four kinds of books is English.
B. Four kinds of books are available at present.
C. The cover of four kinds of books is hardcover.
D. The reading level of four kinds of books are the same.
63. Where would this advertisement probably appear?
A. In a children’s story-book B. On the front page of a newspaper.
C. On the Internet. D. In a popular magazine.
第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
KANDAHAR, Afghanistan–-- Afghans burned tires and chanted “Death to America” after U.S troops fired Monday(April 12, 2010) on a civilian bus near Kandahar, killing four people and wounding more than a dozen. Afghanistan’s president accused NATO of breaking its commitment to safeguard civilian lives.
The attack angered Afghan officials and the public in Kandahar, the Taliban’s birthplace, and dealt a blow to U.S and NATO efforts to win popular support for a coming offensive to drive the insurgents(叛乱分子) from the biggest city in the south. NATO expressed regret for the loss of civilian lives and said it was investigating.
Nearly 200 Afghans blocked highway where the shooting occurred, burning tires, firing weapons and chanting “Death to America” and other slogans. They also called for the ouster (forcing somebody out of a pasition) of Afghan President Hamid Karzai, a Kandahar native who has been appealing for the people here to support the U.S-led campaign against the Taliban.
“The Americans are constantly killing our civilians and the government is not demanding an explanation,” protester Mohammad Razaq said. “We demand justice from the Karzai government and the punishment of those soldiers responsible.”
Kandahar, a city of about a half million people, is nominally under government control, but the Taliban have stepped up infiltration(浸润), staging attacks and threatening local people.
“These foreigners have their enemies, but killing Afghans is not the answer,” said Abdul Hadi, who sells homemade herbal medicine in a public market. He said international forces should publish a schedule of their patrols(巡逻) so Afghans can keep out of the way.
“Better yet, I would like to see them leave Afghanistan,” he added.
Haji Zahir, who runs a transport firm, said it was time for U.S. and other foreign forces to withdraw from the country.
“They say they want to bring security. It is all lies, lies. They kill Afghans. That is not the way to bring security,” Zahir said.
56．According to the passage, we can safely conclude that__________
A．American soldiers are killing Talibans effectively
B．Anger rises as US troops kill 4 Afghans on a bus
C．NATO expressed great dissatisfaction with American troops
D．Afghan President Hamid Karzai required NATO to withdraw
57．The underlined word in Paragraph 5 nominally most probably means________.
A．completely unknown to the people in the world
B．partially well-known to the people across the globe
C．bearing the name of a famous person around the world
D．officially described as something, when this is not really true
58．As for NATO soldiers’ rude action, Abdul Hadi is__________.
A．absolutely angry and upset
B．a little pleased but impatient
C．very angry and dissatisfied
D．impatient but bearable
59．Which statement is true according to the passage?
A．NATO fails to win popular support for a coming offensive.
B．Kandahar is the most important city in Afghanistan.
C．NATO has really brought security to Afghanistan.
D．NATO troops will withdraw from Afghanistan in the near future.
Postcards to myself
In 50 years fo traveling Colin McCorpuodale has visited every country in the world, except thtee, And everywhere he goes, he sends himself a postcard , He always chooses a postcard with a beautiful view, and sticks on an interesting stamp, Usually he writes just a short message to himself , His latest one , from the Malians island, read Good fishing,
On a wall in his home in London there is a large map of the world. There are hundreds of little red pins stuck in it .”It’s good to get a pin in the map.” Says Mr.McCorquodale, “but I follow the rules,I’m allowed to stick one in only if I ‘ve been in a place for more than 24 hours.”
Naturlly , Mr, McCorpuodale has his favorite places, New Zealand he describes as “wonderful “In Europe, he says,”Italy is a favourite place, But in Italy tourists are worried that they will get ripped off because people there often charge too much for something ,” Of China he says ,”This is one country in the world which is completely different, There is no European influence.”
Wherever he goes, Mr. McCorpuodale takes with him a photo of his wife, a candle,a torch, a shirt with a secret pocket, and a pen for writing his postcards
So why does he do it ? For the postcards or the travel? Mr McCorpuodale laughs, “I do it for the journey,” he , says.” I get a kick out of traveling, and all the planning.”
72.We can learn from the second paragraph that_______
A There is a large map of London in his home.
B Mr McCorpuodale likes sticking red pins in the map at will(随意)
C If he traveled in a place and stayed there 2days, he will stick a red pin in the map
D He likes collecting red pins,
73. What is written on his latest postcard?
A A favorite place B Malians island C Good fishing D A beautiful view
74. Tourists in Italy are often_______________
A beaten B helped C encouraged D cheated
75. From the passage we know that Mr McCorpuodale_______
A has visited all the coutries in the world
B has only three favorite places
C takes his wife with him wherever he goed
D gets a lot of pleasure from traveling and the planning for it
