Sports is not only physically challenging, but it can also mentally challenging. Criticism(批评)from coaches(trainers), parents, and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create too much anxiety or stress for young athletes. Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological, and research has showed that it can lead to burnout. Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.
The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself. The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware(realize), at all times, that their feedback(反馈)to youngsters can greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents’ and coaches’ criticisms to heart and find a flaw(缺陷) in themselves.
Coaches and parents should also be cautious(careful) that youth sport participation does not become work for children. The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In today’s youth sport setting, young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport. Following a game, many parents and coaches focus on(pay more attention to) the outcome and find fault with youngsters’ performances. Positive reinforcement should be provided in spite of the outcome. Research shows that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of stress(pressure), which can lead to burnout.According to the passage sport is positive for young people in that
A.it can help them learn more about society |
B.it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves |
C.it enables them to find flaws in themselves |
D.it can provide them with valuable experiences |
According to the passage parents and coaches should
A.help children to win every game |
B.pay more attention to letting children enjoy sports |
C.enable children to understand the positive aspect of sports |
D.train children to deal with stress |
The author’s purpose in writing the passage is
A.to persuade young children not to worry about criticism |
B.to emphasize the importance of positive reinforcement to children |
C.to discuss the skill of combing criticism with encouragement |
D.to teach young athletes how to avoid burnout |
Tom arrived at the bus station quite early for Paris bus. The bus for Paris would not leave until five to twelve. He saw a lot of people waiting in the station. Some were standing in line(排队), others were walking around. There was a group of schoolgirls. Their teacher was trying to keep them in line. Tom looked around but there was no place for him to sit.
He walked into the station cafe(咖啡馆). he looked up at the clock there. It was only twenty to twelve. He found a seat and sat down before a large mirror(镜子) on the wall. Just then, Mike, one of Tom’s workmates came in and sat with Tom.
“What time is your bus?” asked Mike.
“There’s plenty of time yet,” answered Tom.
“Well, I’ll get you some more tea then,” said Mike.
They talked while drinking. Then Tom looked at the clock again. “Oh! It’s going backward(倒行)!” he cried. “A few minutes ago it was twenty to twelve and now it’s half past eleven.”
“You’re looking at the clock in the mirror.” said Mike. Tom was so sad(难过). The next bus was not to leave for another hour. Since then Tom has never liked mirrors.、Tom went into the station cafe because.
A.Mike asked him to have a cup of tea |
B.it was quite early and he could find a seat there |
C.he didn’t like to stay with the schoolgirls |
D.he wanted to have a drink with his workmate there |
、What time was it in fact when Tom looked at the clock in the mirror?
A.Half past twelve | B.Twenty to twelve |
C.Half past eleven | D.Half past one |
、From the story we know that when we look at a clock in a mirror, we will find
.
A.the time is right | B.it’s going slower |
C.it’s going backward | D.it’s going faster |
、Which of the following is true?
A.Tom arrived in Paris on time |
B.The next bus would leave in half an hour |
C.After that Tom didn’t like clocks any longer |
D.Tom looked at the clock in the mirror only once |
、Which of the following is the title(题目) of the story?
A.The Mirror of the Station |
B.Not A Careful Man |
C.Missing A Bus |
D.The Clock In The Mirror |
We each have a memory(记忆力). That’s why we can still remember things after a long time. Some people have very good memories and they can easily learn many things by heart, but some people can only remember things when they say or do them again and again. Many of the great men of the world have got surprising memories.
A good memory is a great help in learning a language. Everybody learns his mother language when he is a small child. He hears the sounds, remembers them and then he learns to speak. Some children are living with their parents in foreign countries. They can learn two languages as easily as one because they hear, remember and speak two languages every day. In school it is not so easy to learn a foreign language because the pupils have so little time for it, and they are busy with other subjects, too.
But your memory will become better and better when you do more and more exercises.、Some people can easily learn many things by heart because .
A.they always sleep very well | B.they often eat good food |
C.they read a lot of books | D.they have very good memories |
.、Everybody learns his mother language .
A.at the age of six | B.when he is a small child |
C.after he goes to school | D.when he can read and write |
.、Before a child can speak, he must .
A.read and write | B.make sentences |
C.hear and remember the sounds | D.think hard |
.、In school the pupils can’t learn a foreign language well because .
A.they have no good memories | B.they have no recorders |
C.they have too much time for it | D.they are busy with other subjects |
.、Your memory will become better and better .
A.if you have plenty of good food |
B.if you do more and more exercises |
C.if you do morning exercises every day |
D.if you get up early |
When Mr. David retired(退休),he bought a small house in a village near the sea. He liked it and hoped to live a quiet life in it.
But to his great surprise, many tourists(游客)came to see his house in summer holidays, for it was the most interesting building in the village. From morning to night there were tourists outside the house. They kept looking into the rooms through the windows and many of them even went into Mr. David’s garden. This was too much for Mr. David. He decided to drive the visitors away. So he put a notice on the window. The notice said: “If you want to satisfy your curiosity(好奇心), came in and look round. Price(价格): twenty dollars.” Mr. David was sure that the visitors would stop coming, but he was wrong. More and more visitors came and Mr. David had to spend every day showing them around his house. “I came here to retire, not to work as a guide(导游).” he said angrily. In the end, he sold the house and moved away..
、Mr. David’s house was that many tourists came to see it.
A.so small | B.so quiet | C.so interesting | D.such interesting |
.
、Mr. David put a notice on the window in order .
A.to drive the visitors away |
B.to satisfy the visitor’s curiosity |
C.to let visitors come in and look round |
D.to get some money out of the visitors |
.
、The notice made the visitors .
A.more interested in his house |
B.lost interest in his house |
C.angry at the unfair price |
D.feel happy about the price |
.
、After Mr. David put up the notice .
A.the visitors didn’t come any longer |
B.fewer and fewer visitors came to see his house |
C.more and more tourists came for a visit |
D.no tourist would pay the money for a visit |
.
、At last he had to sell his house and move away because .
A.he did not like it at all |
B.he could not work as a guide |
C.he made enough money and wanted to buy a new expensive house |
D.he could not live a quiet life in it |
I Don’t Think I Wrote Wrong
Lao Yang was born in a small town. He liked reading when he studied at school. He thought the writers were respected(尊敬) and could get a lot of money. He wrote a lot of stories and posted them to the editorial departments (编辑部) but didn’t receive any answers.
Now he works in a factory. He’s busy at work. When he’s free, he always reads something. He always remembers he hoped to be a writer when he was young. One day, Xiao Ping, his ten-year-old daughter, came back. She looked worried and didn’t eat anything. She said Miss GAO, her Chinese teacher, told them to write a solicit article(征文) “My Father” that evening. But she did not know what to write.
“That’s easy,” said Lao Yang. “Let me help you.”
Then he sat down to write the solicit article at once. He easily finished it on time. He was sure Miss GAO would like it. But one afternoon he asked his daughter if the article had been chosen to post to the editorial department.
“My teacher said your article digressed from the subject(离题),” said the girl.
“I don’t think so,” Lao Yang shouted angrily. “I described(描写) just my father!”.. Lao Yang wrote a lot of stories because _______.
A.he likes reading |
B.he learned much at school |
C.he wanted to be a writer |
D.he wanted to help others |
.. Lao Yang posted the stories to the editorial departments, _______.
A.and he got a lot of money | B.and he became a famous man |
C.and he was respected | D.but he failed |
.. As _______, Lao Yang decided to help his daughter.
A.he was a writer |
B.he was free |
C.he wanted to realize his ideal(理想) |
D.he wanted to make his daughter happy |
. Lao Yang hoped _______.
A.his article could surprise the teacher |
B.his article could be chosen |
C.the children could like his article |
D.everyone could soon know him |
.. Lao Yang’s solicit article digressed from the subject _______.
A.because he couldn’t write it at all |
B.because he didn’t know his father well |
C.because it was too bad to be chosen |
D.just because he described his father |
Cities in Europe and around the world may be growing “bike trees” in the near future. Invented by Japan’s JFE engineering Corp., the invention proved useful in the busiest parts of this nation’s crowded cities.
Local governments of Japan have struggled for ways to encourage people to park their bikes considerately, particularly close to big stations, but that may block some roads and entrances to home and businesses. “Our cities do not have a lot of space for any kind of parking, including bicycles.” said Mitsuharu Oshima, a spokesman for JFE Engineering. The bike tree comes in two types; one in a tower that is above ground, and on the contrary, the other in a subterranean structure.
A cyclist registers(登记)with the operator of the equipment, pays a monthly fee and pushes the wheels of his bicycle into restraints at the base of the bike tree. Each bicycle is fitted with an electronic card with the owner’s details. A mechanical arm then pulls the bike into the base of the tower and moves it to a free location inside. To collect the bike later, the cyclist puts his card through a reader and his bike is automatically (自动地)returned to him in seconds. “The science of the equipment has been difficult----even though they may look simple ----because bikes come in many different shapes and sizes.” said Oshima.
As well as clearing away the road, bicycles cannot be stolen from a bike tree. There are presently versions at seven sites in Japan and two others are under construction, while work is under way on an even larger version----with room for 9,400 bicycles---in Thailand. And Oshima believes that the idea could catch on in Europe, particularly in countries such as France, Holland and Denmark, where cycling is so popular. What is the right order of the following things when you use the bike tree?
① the wheels of the bicycle are put into restraints at the base
② the card is read and the bike is automatically returned
③ an electronic card with the owner’s details is given
④ the bike is pulled and moved to a free location inside
A.③②①④ | B.②①④③ | C.③①④② | D.②④③① |
What made it difficult to design “bike trees”?
A.The location of “bike trees” |
B.The differences of the bikes |
C.The method of finding enough bikes |
D.The importance of traffic safety |
From the passage, we can know that___________.
A.cyclists can use “bike trees” for free in Japan |
B.there are seven “bike trees” used for holding bikes in Japan |
C.local government of Japan encourage people to ride bikes |
D.countries with many cyclists in Europe will like the idea of “bike trees’ |