Advertisement is the difficult business of bringing information to great numbers of people.The purpose of an advertisement is to make people respond to make them react to an idea，such as helping prevent forest fires，or to make them want to buy a certain product or service.At the beginning of the 20th century，advertisement was described as“salesmanship in print”.If this definition were expanded to include radio and television，it would still stand today.The most effective way to sell something is through person-to-person contact.But the cost of person-to-person selling is high because it takes a great deal of time，and it increases the cost of the product or service.Advertising distributes the selling message to many people at one time.The first printed advertisement in the English language appeared in 1278，more than a century before Shakespeare’s first play was produced.This early advertisement was the work of William Caxton，England’s first printer，who used it to advertise religious books from his own workshop Caxton posted small printed notices along London’s main streets．Besides advertising his product，he identified his shop with a red-striped shield(盾形徽章)so that customers could find it easily．
This same sort of simple informational advertising is still used.Examples are the roadside signs that tell travelers that they can buy fresh corn just down the road or that there is a restaurant in the next town.
The Industrial Revolution，in the 18th and 19th centuries，brought a new kind of advertising.Large factories took the place of small workshops and goods were produced in large quantities.
Manufacturers used the newly built railroads to distribute(递送)their products over wide areas.They had to find many thousands of customers in order to stay in business.They couldn’t simply tell people where shoes or cloth or tea could be bought---they had to learn how to make people want to buy a specific product. Thus modern advertising was born．
Advertising created new markets and helped to raise standards of living as people came to feel that they had a right to new and better products.The passage mainly talks about .
| A．the development of advertisement |
| B．the first advertisement in the world |
| C．the difficulty in advertising |
| D．the advantages of advertisements |
Why is advertisement accepted by people?
| A．Because it can help to prevent forest fires. |
| B．Because it cand make people want to buy a certain product or service. |
| C．Because it can bring information to great numbers of people. |
| D．Because it can help people live longer. |
Modern advertisement was born as a result of .
| A．the Industrial Revolution |
| B．the newly built railroads |
| C．the appearance of the first printer advertisement |
| D．people’s need |
We can conclude from the passage that .
| A．red-striped shield is the best thing to use in advertising |
| B．main streets and television are used in advertising |
| C．person-to-person selling is the best way in advertising |
| D．people show little interest in advertisement |
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Sunday is more like Monday than it used to be. Places of business that used to keep daytime "business hours" are now open late into the night. And on the Intemet, the hour of the day and the day of the week have become irrelevant. Half a century ago in the United States, most people experienced
strong and precise dividing lines between days of rest and days of work, school time and summer time.Today the boundaries still exist but seem less clear.
The law in almost all states used to require stores to close on Sunday; in most, it no longer does. It used to keep schools open in all seasons except summer and in most, it still does. And whether the work week should strengthen its legal limits, or whether it should beco:me more¨flexible"' is often debated.How should we, as a society, organize our time? Should we go even further in relaxing the boundaries of time until we live in a world in xvhich every minute is much like every other?
These are not easy questions to ask. Part of the difficulty is that we rarely recognize the“law of time". even When we meet it face to face. We know as children that we havcto artend school a certainnumber of hours. a certain number of davs, a certain nLunbcr or x'etlrs --- bLll unless x~'e meet the truanrofficer (学监) , we may well think that we should go to school due to social customs and parents' demand, rather than abide by. As adults, we are familiar with ';extra pay for overtime work" , but less familiar with the fact tiat what constitutes (构成) "overtime" is a matter oflegal definition,
When weturn the clock forward to start daylight-saving time, have we ever thought to ourselves: '*Here is the law in action"? As we shall see, the law has a great influence on how we organize and use time: compulsoryeducation law, overtime law, and daylight-saving law as well as laws about Sunday closing,holidays, being late for work, time zones and so on. When we begin to look more closely, we will haveno trouble finding a law of time to examine and assess!
71. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the underlined word irrelevant?
A. different B. unrelated C. connectedD. useless
72. By saying, "Sunday is more like Monday than it used to be" . in Paragraph l, the author means that_______
A. work time is equal to rest time
B. many people have a day off on Monday
C. it is hard for people to decide when to rest
D. the line between work time and rest time is unclear
73. The author raises the questions in Paragraph 2 to introduce the fact that people_______
A. fail to make full use oftheir time
B. enjoy working overtime for extra pay
C. are unaware of the law oftime
D. welcome flexible working hours
74. According to the passage, most children tend to believe that they go to school because they_______
A. need to acquire knowledge
B. have to obey their parents
C. need to find companions
D. have to observe the law
75. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Our life is governed by the law of time.
B. How to organize time is not worth debating.
C. New ways of using time are changing our society
D. Our time schedule is decided by social customs.
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A maths talent who won fame this week for giving up a million-dollar prize is living with his mother in a simple flat in St Petersburg, co-existing on her ~30-a-month pension, because he has been
unemployed for many years.
The Sunday Telegraph tracked down the strange recluse (隐士 ) who shocked the maths world when he solved a century-old puzzle known as the Poincare Conjecture.
Grigory Perelman's trouble comes from a split with a leading Russian mathematical institute, the
Steklov, in 2003. When the Institute in St Petersburg failed to re-elect him as a member, Dr Perelman
was left feeling an "absolutely ungified and untalented person", said a friend. He becEune unconfident and cut himself off.
Other friends say he cannot afford to travel to the International Mathematical Union's congress inMadrid, where many people want him to receive the maths equivalent(等价物) of the Nobel Prize, and that he is too modest to ask anyone to pay for his trip.
Interviewed in St Petersburg, Dr Perelman insisted that he was unworthy of all the attention, and
was uninterested in the prize.“I do not think anything that I say can be ofthe slightest public interest"
he said. "I am not saying that because I value my privacy, or that I am doing anything I want to hide.
There are no top-secret projects going on here. Ijust believe the public has no interest in me."
He continued: "I know that self-promotion happens a lot and if people want to do that, good luck
to them, bjt I do not regard it as a positive thing. I realised this a long time ago and nobody is going to
change my mind. Newspapers sliould be more discerning(有洞察力的) over who they write about.
They should have more taste. As far as I am concerned, I can't offer anything for their readers."
Dr Perelman has some small savings from his time as a lecturer, but is apparently unwilling to increase them with the $1 million offered by the Clay Mathematics Institute in Cambridge,Massachusetts, for solving one ofthe world's seven "Millennium Problems".
66. Grigory Perelman lives with his mother because
A. he has to look after her
B. his mother has a million dollars
C. he has been out of work for a long time
D. he is badly paid at the mathematical institute
67. The phrase "absolutely ungified and untalented person" shows that Dr Perelman felt
A. angry B. discouraged C. proud D. confident
68. Grigory Perelman refused to accept the prize because .
A. he thought the prize was worthless
B. he didn't believe the news
C. he couldn't afford to travel to Madrid
D. he showed no interest in it
69. From the passage, we can infer that Grigory Perelman
A. solved the most difficult maths problem
B. has a strong personality
C. wanted to make himself known to all
D. didn't get on well with the press
70. What's the best title for the passage?
A. Great Mathematician Leads Simple Life
B. Maths Genius Abandons a Million-dollar Prize
C. Mathematics Institute Offers Grigory $1 Million
D. One ofthe World's Seven "Millennium Probtems" Solved
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Some couples spend every waking minute together. Others fill their hours with personal hobbies,outside interests and even part-time jobs, just to keep their distance from each other! "There should beprivate time and couple time," suggests Dr. Stephen Treat at Jefferson Medical College in Philadelphia."You don't want your latter years to turn into a process where two people unite as one. If you hold tootightly to your partner, it's going to cause resentment and anger. If you're completely separate, you'llboth be lonely and disconnected. You need balance. So you have to talk about how vou'll achieve that."
The right baiance? It's different for every couple. "Having a conversation about time can be difficult,but it's important for both partners to process those feelings out loud," Dr. Treat says. "You should notbe accusing and act as a judge - ask the difficult questions, but do it in a loving way. You could saysomething like, 'How are we going to be as individuals and how are we going to be as a couple?' "
Barbara and Chris Christensen have achieved the balance that works for them. In addition to daily
routines that keep them close - including about 10 minutes for a daily check-in and about a half hourof relaxation time - they each maintain separate interests and friendships.
"We have found that we need time apart," Barbara says. "I have a group of women friends that Ihave known for the last 30 years. We have dinner out once a month. We women also have parties and weekend or weeklong vacations as a group at a beach or somewhere. Chris, a former fighter pilot, has
many aviation-oriented(航空的) groups and friends and also a penny-ante poker-playing (玩扑克)
group of our friends. I may be with him during the poker night, but I don't play, and the wives usually
watch a cchick flick' DVD or something while the poker group has an evening of fun. We have found itimportant to have separate time as well as together time."
61. The author writes the passage to _ .
A. offer some suggestions on how to spend the time afier retirement
B. advise couples to develop their separate hobbies
C. warn couples not to be accusing of each other
D. give people some advice on how to entertain themselves after retirement
62. Dr. Stephen suggests that after retirement.
A. couples stay together all the time
B. couples express their feelings in a loving way
C. couples be separate
D. wives make many friends
63.1t can be inferred that
A, many couples are faced with problems after retirement
B. America has a large population of retired people
C,. most people join various sociai groups after retirement
D. playing poker is a popular activity among retired people
64. Barbara and lier friends do the following except
A. having dinner regularly
B. holding parties
C. having weekly vacations at the beach
D. having fun playing poker
65. The second paragraph is mainlv intended to
A. warn the husband not to act as ajudge
B. suggest couples have discussions about difficulties
C. suggest how to keep the correct balance
D. require couples to be considerate
.
第二部分阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A. B.C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I used to work in an office, which had a Iocust tree growing outside the window. It had grown into a tall tree and must have been there for a long time. The tree blocked the view and made the office seem dull. Unfortunately, this happened to be the room assigned(分配)to me, and l was depressed by it for quite some time.
When the first spring came, everything was green except the locust tree.I felt very happy because I had thought it had died!
One moming, when I opened the window for some some fresh air,I unexpectedly smelt a familiar
sweet scent floating into my office which I could not name. Suddenly,I realized it was the locust tree!
The tree that I thought dead was in full bloom!
From then on,I usually came to the office very early to see dew【露珠】forming on the locust treeblossoms, and was eager to see spring again every year.
During summer, the green leaves provided shade protecting me from the harsh sunlight, butallowing enough light in to make it pleasant. In autumn, the leaves turned many different colors. Its beauty touched my soul. Many times,I thought to take photos but never did. Then,I had to leave in a hurry. Later in life, it became a great regret that I had not done so.
Actually, many times in our livesj we think we own something and thus do not value it.We don't
feel regretful until we lose it one day! Moreover, sometimes, we have to accept the things we don'twant and need to discover the hidden beauty tofind unexpected joy!
56. The Jocust tree first attracted the author most by____.
A. the way it blocked the view B.its height
C. the smell ofits flowers D.its green leaves
57. In which season do you think the author paid the least attention to the locust tree?
A. Spring. B.Summer C.Autumn. D.Winter.
58. Which ofthe following statements is true of the author according to the passage?
A. He would have regretted ifthe locust tree had died as he had thought it had.
B. The locust tree turned out to be a lovely memory for him.
C. He felt unhappy as he had forgotten to take the photos with him.
D. Hls work in the office changed with the seasons every year.
59. It can be inferred from the passage that _
A. the locust tree died soon after the author left the office
B. the author worked in the office for at least a few years
C. it was summer when the author took his job in the office
D. the wPather was dry when the author first saw the tree
60. What advice does the author intend to give us?
A. Treasure what we've owned. B. Look before you leap.
C. Treat everything calmly.D. Never forget the past.
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Some people can stay up all night and still get work done the next day. I’m not one of them. After a night without enough sleep, I feel sleepy. I have trouble remembering things. And all I want to do is to go back to bed and sleep.
How do you feel after you’ve stayed up late to finish schoolwork? Or the day after a slumber(睡眠) party? Scientists now say that your answers to these questions may depend on your genes, which tell our bodies and brains what to do. People have about 40,000 genes, and each gene can have different forms.
A new research suggests that a gene called period3 affects how well you function without sleep. The discovery adds to older evidence that period3 helps determine whether you like to stay up late or get up early.
The period3 gene comes in two forms: short and long. Everyone has two copies of the gene. So, you may have two longs, two shorts, or one of each. Your particular combination depends on what your parents passed on to you.
Scientists studied 24 people who had to stay awake for 40 hours straight. Then they took tests that measured how well they could remember lists of numbers.
Results showed that the people with the short form of period3 performed much better than those with the long form did. In both groups, people performed worst in the early morning. After the first round of experiments, participants were finally allowed to sleep. People in the group that performed well on the tests took about 18 minutes to nod off(瞌睡).
People with long period3 gene fell asleep in just 8 minutes. They also spent more time on deep sleep. That suggests that people with the long form of the gene need more and deeper sleep to keep their brains working in top form.
I think I must have the long form period3. What about you?
68. The purpose of the writer in the first paragraph is to ____________.
A. attract readers to the topic of the passage
B. show his /her poor memory for things
C. show his /her envy of those energetic people
D. prove his/her need for sleep
69. Whether you can stay up or not depends on___________.
A. the size of your brain B. the kind of genes you have
C. your health D. your will
70. The aim of the research is to _______.
A. find a new gene called period3 B. find out how genes affect a person’s need for sleep
C. test how long you can stay awake D. measure how good your memory is