Paragraph 1
Scientists have learned a lot about the kinds of food people need. They say that there are several kinds of food that people should eat every day. They are: (1) green and yellow vegetables of all kinds. (2) citrus(柑桔) fruits and tomatoes; (3) potatoes and other fruits and vegetables; (4) meat of all kinds, fish and eggs; (5) milk and foods made from milk; (6) bread or cereal(谷类), rice is also in this kind of food; (7) butter, or something like butter.
Paragraph 2
People in different countries and different places of the world eat different kinds of things. Foods are cooked and eaten in many different kinds of ways. People in different countries eat at different times of the day. In some places people eat once or twice a day; in other countries people eat three or four times a day. Scientists say that none of the differences is really important. It doesn’t matter whether foods are eaten raw or cooked, canned or frozen. It doesn’t matter if a person eats dinner at 4 o’clock in the afternoon or at eleven o’clock at night. The important thing is what you eat every day.
Paragraph 3
There are two problems, then, in feeding the large number of people on earth. The first is to find some ways to feed the world’s population so that no one is hungry.The second is to make sure that people everywhere have the right kinds of food to make them grow to be strong and healthy.According to the scientists, which of the following groups of food is the healthiest for your lunch?
| A．chicken, apples, cereal, cabbages | B．potatoes, carrots, rice, bread |
| C．oranges, bananas, fish, tomatoes | D．beef, pork, fish, milk |
It is important for people to eat _______.
| A．three times a day | B．dinner at twelve o’clock |
| C．cooked food all the day | D．something from each of the seven kinds of food every day |
People in different countries and different places of the world _______.
| A．has the right kinds of food to eat | B．cooks their food in the same way |
| C．has their meals at the same time | D．eat food in different ways |
If there is Paragraph 4, what do you think is going to be talked about?
| A．When people eat their lunch | B．What to do with the two problems |
| C．How to cook food in different ways | D．Why people eat different kinds of food |
One kilogram --- that was all it took to crown（给……加冕） the world's strongest man.
German weightlifter Matthias Steiner pulled ahead of Russian rival Evgeny Chigishev to win the Olympic men's +105 kg weightlifting gold medal on Tuesday.
Steiner lifted a total of 461kg, 203kg in the snatch(抓举) and 258kg in the clean and jerk(挺举), to beat Chigishev by a single kilogram. The German won the battle of giants in his last lift, winning his country's first gold medal in the event at this year's Games.
Steiner's winning lift was also the last effort of the sport for this Olympics at which China earned eight of the 15 golds.
Steiner was born in Austria and represented his country of birth at the Athens Olympics four years ago, placing seventh in the lower 105kg category, but had a falling out with Austria's weightlifting federation afterwards.
He applied for German citizenship in 2005 and got married, but his career went into deep freeze（困境）as he could not compete without a passport. He finally obtained the document last January.
The German, who turns 26 on Monday, had come to these Games on a mission to win the title for his wife Susann, who died in a car accident in July last year. The German team said he used the personal tragedy to motivate himself to win the gold medal.
Chigishev was the strongest in the snatch session Tuesday. He kissed his fists after a 210-kg lift that gave him a 7-kg advantage over fourth-placed Steiner going into the second event -- the clean and jerk. He let out a victorious roar（吼叫）after clearing 250 kg in his last lift, but the glory was short-lived as Steiner stunned（使瞠目）everyone with his final, winning clean and jerk effort.
Steiner had finished seventh in the 2004 Olympics in the 105kg weight category, and took the gold in the 2008 European Championship +105kg snatch competition, bronze in the clean and jerk and silver overall, with a total weight of 446kg.
World champion Viktors Scerbatihs of Latvia settled for bronze.Steiner won the gold by lifting ______.
| A．105 kg | B．461 kg | C．258 kg | D．210 kg |
Four years ago at the Athens Olympics Steiner represented ______.
| A．Australia | B．Germany | C．Austria | D．Russia |
The following statements are true except ______.
| A．Steiner beat Chigishev by one kilogram |
| B．Chinese weightlifting team won eight of the 15 gold medals at this year’s Games |
| C．Steiner didn’t get the passport until last February |
| D．Steiner got a bronze in the 2008 European Championship +105kg clean and jerk competition |
. It can be inferred from the story that _____.
| A．Steiner was inspired by his unfortunate wife to win the gold medal |
| B．Chigishev was also the strongest in the second event |
| C．it is hard to get a German citizenship |
| D．Steiner was determined to win the medal for the German team |
What is the best title of the story?
| A．Narrow Victory | B．Pitiful Failure |
| C．Gold Medal for His Dearest Wife | D．Strongest Man of the World |
Microsoft founder Bill Gates has recovered his spot at the top of the US money heap, taking the place of investor Warren Buffett as America's richest person, Forbes magazine's latest list reveals.
With 57 billion dollars net worth Gates again leads the list of 400 richest individuals in the world's wealthiest country. He displaced Buffett who briefly held the position this year but who has seen his Berkshire Hathaway investment group's shares slip 15 percent since February and is now worth 50 billion.
According to Forbes, whose list was published late Wednesday, the golden 400 have 1.3 billion dollars net worth or more. However, their combined net worth rose only 30 billion dollars, or two percent, to 1.57 trillion dollars.
Forbes said that rising oil and dizzy art prices fuelled the entry of 31 new members into the ultra-rich club and the return of eight previous members.
A notable arrival was Mark Zuckerberg, 24, founder of the social networking site Facebook（脸谱网）. Forbes estimates his worth at 1.5 billion dollars.
Meanwhile, turmoil（动荡）on the stock and housing markets saw 33 others drop off the list, including the former head of the troubled insurance giant AIG, Maurice Greenberg, and a former head of the online auction site eBay, Margaret Whitman.
Biggest gainers were led by New York Mayor Michael Bloomberg who took eighth place with 20 billion dollars worth after a transaction（交易）put a new value on his Bloomberg media and financial data network.
The biggest loser was casino（赌场，娱乐场）tycoon Sheldon Adelson, whose fortune fell 13 billion dollars over 12 months -- the equivalent to 1.5 million dollars an hour -- although he still has 15 billion dollars and occupies 15th place.
About two thirds of the list are self-made billionaires and just over 10 percent are women, led by television star Oprah Winfrey whose fortune rose 200 million dollars to 2.7 billion dollars. According to Forbes, Warren Buffet is worth _____.
| A．57 billion dollars | B．50 billion dollars | C．1.5 billion dollars | D．20 billion dollars |
31 new members entered the ultra-rich club as a result of _____.
| A．turmoil on the stock and housing market |
| B．media and financial data network |
| C．rising oil and dizzy art prices |
| D．investment |
The purpose of the author using the television star Oprah Winfrey as an example is to _____.
| A．tell the readers that television stars make money easily |
| B．prove that a millionaire can become a billionaire |
| C．women can also be billionaires |
| D．tell the readers that most of the billionaires are self-made |
It can be inferred from the story that _____.
| A．one earns much and also loses much |
| B．stability of markets has much effect upon people’s wealth |
| C．the computer industry makes more billionaires |
| D．young people can also be billionaires |
What is the best title of the passage?
| A．Bill Gates Leading World’s Richest People Again |
| B．What Made Billionaires |
| C．Self-Made Billionaires |
| D．Biggest Gainer and Biggest Loser |
Britons stranded（搁浅）at sea or in flooded homes could find a real-life prince riding to their rescue. Prince William announced on Monday that he is to train to be a full-time pilot with the Royal Air Force's Search and Rescue Force (SARF).
William, who is currently a Lieutenant（中尉）in the Army's Household Cavalry Regiment（皇家骑兵团）, will transfer to the RAF and begin an 18-month training course in January 2009.
If successful, he will become a fully operational Search and Rescue pilot in 2010, flying Sea King helicopters at one of the six SARF units based in Britain.
"The time I spent with the RAF earlier this year made me realize how much I love flying," the prince, who spent two weeks with a SARF team while on work experience in 2005, said in a statement.
"Joining Search and Rescue is a perfect opportunity for me to serve in the Forces operationally, while contributing to a vital part of the country's Emergency Services."
It means he will follow a similar career to that of his uncle, Prince Andrew, who was a Sea King helicopter pilot during the 1982 Falklands war.
The Search and Rescue teams' main duty is to recover RAF personnel but in peacetime they mainly respond to civilian emergencies, dealing with more than 1,000 calls a year.
The units deal with incidents ranging from helping those trapped by sudden major floods to rescuing people lost while out walking on hills.
William, who has spent the last year on secondment（借调）to the various branches of the military to prepare for his future role as head of the armed forces, received his RAF wings （飞行勋章）following a four-month stint（持续的工作）with the service earlier this year.
However, his time with the RAF was clouded when the Defense Ministry was forced to fend off criticism for allowing the prince to fly military helicopters to a bachelor party for his cousin and to the family home of his girlfriend Kate Middleton. Prince William wanted to be a full-time pilot because _____.
| A．he liked flying |
| B．he would like to do something in the country’s Emergency Services |
| C．many Britons were in danger at sea waiting for rescue |
| D．he had much experience in flying |
According to the passage, _____.
| A．the Falklands war broke out in 2005 |
| B．Prince William served in the Army’s Household Cavalry Regiment in 1982 |
| C．Prince Andrew is serving in SARF now |
| D．William would finish his training course in June 2010 |
It can be inferred from the passage that______.
| A．the RAF is an army that rescues its soldiers during wartime |
| B．either Andrew or William is interested in flying |
| C．there are many floods happening in Britain |
| D．the prince saving the people in danger is no longer fairy tale |
The author’s opinion on William’s joining RAF is ______.
| A．enthusiastic | B．doubtful | C．negative | D．pessimistic |
What is the purpose of the author by mentioning what the prince had done before in the last paragraph?
| A．The author wants to say that Prince William pays much attention to his family and friends |
| B．The author suggests that the Defense Ministry was criticized when William flew for his private business |
| C．William had a hard time when he went against his leaders |
| D．The author has the worry that Prince William is likely to get the Defense Ministry into trouble again. |
On the afternoon of September27, 2008, Astronaut Zhai Zhigang became the first Chinese man to walk in space on Saturday, clambering（爬上,攀登） out of China's Shenzhou VII space craft in a technological feat（成就，功绩）that made the Chinese people excited. 
"I'm feeling quite well. I greet the Chinese people and the people of the world," Zhai said as he climbed out of the craft at around 16:40 Beijing time, a historic achievement telecast live on CCTV. Tens of millions of Chinese viewers gathered before TV screens to watch the moment.
Chinese President Hu Jintao and other top leaders had appeared at the Beijing Aerospace Control Center to watch the live transmission of Zhai's spacewalk.
Zhai, 42, chosen by an expert team for the first "out-of-capsule activity," showed a red national flag, helped by colleague Liu Boming, who also briefly popped his head out of the capsule.
Zhai slowly made his way towards a test sample of solid lubricant（润滑剂）outside the capsule, took a sample and handed it to Liu.
Zhai safely returned inside the craft after about 20 minutes. The walk marked the highpoint of China's third manned space journey, which has received widespread media coverage.
Zhai wore a $4.4 million Chinese-made suit weighing 120-kg. Liu wore a Russian-made one and acted as an assistant.
The third crew member, Jing Haipeng, monitored the ship from inside the re-entry module. w.w
The risky maneuver is a step towards China's longer-term goal of building a space lab and then a larger space station, analysts said.
"On this flight, Chinese people's footprints will be left in space for the first time," said a commentary（评论）by the Xinhua news agency.
The astronauts went aboard on their walk after receiving a clean bill of health from doctors on the ground at mission control in Beijing, Xinhua said.
Zhai's suit has 10 layers and takes up to 15 hours to assemble and put on.
China's first manned spaceflight was in 2003. A second, two-manned flight followed in 2005. The only other countries that have sent people into space are Russia and the United States.
Shenzhou VII took off on Thursday and is due to land on the northern steppes(草原) of Inner Mongolia on Sunday.The space walk done by the Chinese astronaut was historic because ______.
| A．it was telecast live | B．there were more Chinese viewers than ever |
| C．it was the first space walk carried out by Chinese astronauts | |
| D．top leaders watched the space walk |
The following statements are true except ______.
| A．The lubricant put outside the capsule was a test sample |
| B．It took Zhai Zhigang about 20 minutes to return to the craft safely |
| C．Many televisions and newspapers around the world reported the event |
| D．There is an aerospace control center in the capital |
The significance of the space walk is ______.
| A．that the astronaut can work outside the spacecraft |
| B．it marks a successful step towards China’s longer-term goal of building a space lab as well as a space station |
| C．it has attracted tens of millions of people to watch the walk |
| D．that the Chinese-made space suit can be used in space |
What does the underlined word “clean” mean in the passage?
| A．healthy | B．paid-off | C．not dirty | D．clear |
The best title of the passage is ______.
| A．First Footprints of Chinese People in Space |
| B．Expensive Space Suit |
| C．Three Successful Manned Flights by Chinese Astronauts |
| D．Historic Space Walk by Chinese Astronaut |
Dropouts for Ph. D. s
Educators are seriously concerned about the high rate of dropouts among the doctor of philosophy candidates and the consequent loss of talent to a nation in need of Ph. D. s. Some have placed the dropouts loss as high as 50 percent. The extent of the loss was, however, largely a matter of expert guessing. Last week a well-rounded study was published. It was published. It was based on 22,000 questionnaires sent to former graduate students who were enrolled in 24 universities and it seemed to show many past fears to be groundless.
The dropouts rate was found to be 31 per cent, and in most cases the dropouts, while not completing the Ph. D. requirement, went on to productive work. They are not only doing well financially, but, according to the report, are not far below the income levels of those who went on to complete their doctorates.
Discussing the study last week, Dr. Tucker said the project was initiated 'because of the concern frequently expressed by graduate faculties and administrators that some of the individuals who dropped out of Ph. D. programs were capable of competing the requirement for the degree. Attrition at the Ph. D. level is also thought to be a waste of precious faculty time and a drain on university resources already being used to capacity. Some people expressed the opinion that the shortage of highly trained specialists and college teachers could be reduced by persuading the dropouts to return to graduate schools to complete the Ph. D.’
"The results of our research" Dr. Tucker concluded, "did not support these opinions."
1. Lack of motivation was the principal reason for dropping out.
2. Most dropouts went as far in their doctoral program as was consistent with their levels of ability or their specialties.
3. Most dropouts are now engaged in work consistent with their education and motivation.
Nearly 75 per cent of the dropouts said there was no academic reason for their decision, but those who mentioned academic reason cited failure to pass the qualifying examination, uncompleted research and failure to pass language exams. Among the single most important personal reasons identified by dropouts for non-completion of their Ph. D. program, lack of finances was marked by 19 per cent.
As an indication of how well the dropouts were doing, a chart showed 2% in humanities were receiving $ 20,000 and more annually while none of the Ph. D. 's with that background reached this figure. The Ph. D. 's shone in the $ 7,500 to $ 15,000 bracket with 78% at that level against 50% for the dropouts. This may also be an indication of the fact that top salaries in the academic fields, where Ph. D. 's tend to rise to the highest salaries, are still lagging behind other fields.
As to the possibility of getting dropouts back on campus, the outlook was glum. The main condition which would have to prevail for at least 25 % of the dropouts who might consider returning to graduate school would be to guarantee that they would retain their present level of income and in some cases their present job. The author states that many educators feel that
[A] steps should be taken to get the dropouts back to campus.
[B] the dropouts should return to a lower quality school to continue their study.
[C] the Ph. D. holder is generally a better adjusted person than the dropout.
[D] The high dropouts rate is largely attributable to the lack of stimulation on the part of faculty members. Research has shown that
[A] Dropouts are substantially below Ph. D. 's in financial attainment.
[B] the incentive factor is a minor one in regard to pursuing Ph. D. studies.
[C] The Ph. D. candidate is likely to change his field of specialization if he drops out.
[D] about one-third of those who start Ph. D. work do not complete the work to earn the degree. Meeting foreign language requirements for the Ph. D.
[A] is the most frequent reason for dropping out.
[B] is more difficult for the science candidate than for the humanities candidate.
[C] is an essential part of many Ph. D. programs.
[D] does not vary in difficulty among universities. After reading the article, one would refrain from concluding that
[A] optimism reigns in regard to getting Ph. D. dropouts to return to their pursuit of the degree.
[B] a Ph. D. dropout, by and large, does not have what it takes to learn the degree.
[C] colleges and universities employ a substantial number of Ph. D. dropouts.
[D] Ph. D. 's are not earning what they deserve in nonacademic positions. It can be inferred that the high rate of dropouts lies in
[A] salary for Ph. D. too low.
[B] academic requirement too high.
[C] salary for dropouts too high.
[D] 1000 positions.