People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressions--and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why．
Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly across a face as Westerners do, Easterners fix their attention on the eyes．
“We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions,” Jack said．“Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and ignore the mouth．”
The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral．They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies．
It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than Westerners did．“The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions,” Jack said．“Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less．”
In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion．From here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion．Otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation．The discovery shows that Westerners _______.
| A．pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouth |
| B．consider facial expressions universally reliable |
| C．observe the eyes and the mouth in different ways |
| D．have more difficulty in recognizing facial expressions |
What were the people asked to do in the study?
| A．To make a face at each other． | B．To get their faces impressive． |
| C．To classify some face pictures． | D．To observe the researchers’ faces． |
What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 5 refer to?
| A．The participants in the study． | B．The researchers of the study． |
| C．The errors made during the study． | D．The data collected from the study． |
In comparison with Westerners, Easterners are likely to ________.
| A．do translation more successfully | B．study the mouth more frequently |
| C．examine the eyes more attentively | D．read facial expressions more correctly |
What can be the best title for the passage?
| A．The Eye as the Window to the Soul |
| B．Cultural Differences in Reading Emotions |
| C．Effective Methods to Develop Social Skills |
| D．How to Increase Cross-cultural Understanding |
第三部分：阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Ruth Mckenney was born in 1911 in Mishawaka, India. She grew up in Cleveland, Ohio, and at the age of fourteen she got her first job working nights in a printer’s shop. She also worked as a waitress, but after dropping two fruits salads on the floor, she was fired.
While Miss Mckenney was studying in an Ohio State University, she found an outside job as a reporter for the Columbus Dispatch. In fact, she left college before she got her degree in order to devote all her time to newspaper work. She later worked on papers in Akron, Ohio, and New York City.
In New York, Miss Mckenney began to write stories about the amusing experiences she shared with her sister. These were published in the New York magazine, and later in a book called “My Sister Eileen”. This book was an immediate bestseller, and soon became a hit play. Miss Mckenney has also written a guide to England and a number of serious books on American labor.
Miss Mckenney married Richard Bransten in 1937. They had one daughter. It came as no surprise when the author named her Eileen.
Ruth Mckenney died in 1972.
56. The Columbus Dispatch is the name of _____.
A. a department of Ohio State University B. the printer’s shop
C. a state of the United States D. a newspaper
57. Ruth Mckenney started her newspaper work _____.
A. after she left college B. when she was a university student
C. after she got her degree D. when she worked in New York City
58. Which of the following was a great success?
A. My Sister Eileen. B. The hit play.
C. Miss Mckenney’s newspaper work. D. The New York magazine.
59. Why do you suppose it came as no surprise when the author named her daughter “Eileen”?
A. Because the best-selling book made her famous and its heroine’s（女主角）name was Eileen.
B. Because this name could help her to remember her sister forever.
C. Because she had only one daughter and she loved her so much.
D. Because she wished her daughter would be as successful as she had been.
B
Save the Animals
Animals are natural resources that people have wasted all through our history.
Animals have been killed for their fur and feathers(羽毛), for food, for sport, and simply because they were in the way. Thousands of kinds of animals have disappeared from the earth forever. Hundreds more are on the danger list today. About 170 kinds in the United States alone are considered in danger.
Why should people care? Because we need animals. And because once they are gone, there will never be any more.
Animals are more than just beautiful or interesting. They are more than just a source of food. Every animal has its place in the balance of nature. Destroying one kind of animal can create many problems.
For example, when farmers killed large numbers of hawks (鹰), the farmers’ stores of corn and grain were destroyed by rats and mice. Why? Because hawks eat rats and mice. With no hawks to keep down their numbers, the rats and mice multiplied (繁殖) quickly.
Luckily, some people are working to help save the animals. Some groups raise money to let people know about the problem. And they try to get the governments to pass laws protecting animals in danger.
Quite a few countries have passed laws. These laws prohibit the killing of any animal or plant on the danger list.
61. Animals are important to us mainly because __________.
A . they give us a source of food B. they are beautiful and lovely
C. they keep the balance of nature D. they give us a lot of pleasure
62. What has happened to the animals on the earth?
A. About 170 kinds of animals have disappeared forever.
B. Thousands of kinds of animals are gone forever.
C. A few kinds of animals have died out.
D. All kinds of animals are in danger.
63. Why do people kill animals?
A. They kill animals for something they need.
B. They kill animals to raise some money.
C. Animals destroy their natural resources.
D. Animals create many problems.
64. What does the underlined word “prohibit” mean in the last paragraph?
A. prevent B. stop C. forbid D. allow
65. What can we infer(推断) from the fact that quite a few countries have passed laws protecting animals in danger?
A. Animals in danger will be kept away from people.
B. Animals in danger will not be killed any more.
C. The number of some animals in danger will increase.
D. Every person will know the importance of protecting wild animals.
第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Recently I gave my adult students homework. It was “go to someone you love and tell them you love them.” It has to be someone you have never said those words to before or at least haven’t shared those words with for a long time.
It sounds like very tough homework since most of the men were over 35 and were raised in the generation of men that were taught expressing emotions is not “macho(阳刚之气).” Showing feelings or crying was just not done. So this was very threatening homework for some.
At the beginning of our next class, I asked if someone wanted to share what happened when they told someone they loved them. I fully expected one of the women to volunteer, as was usually the case, but on this evening one of the men raised his hand, quite moved and a bit shaken.
As he unfolded out of his chair (all 1.85 meters of him), he began by saying, “Dennis, I was quite angry with you last week when you gave us this homework . Why were you to tell me to do something that personal?”
“But as I began driving home my conscience(良心)started telling me that I knew exactly who I needed to say ‘I love you’ to.”
“Five years ago, my father and I had a severe disagreement and really never settled it since then. We avoided seeing each other unless we absolutely had to at Christmas or other family gatherings. But even then, we hardly spoke to each other.”
“So last Tuesday by the time I got home I had convinced myself I was going to tell my father I loved him. It’s strange, but just making that decision seemed to lift a heavy load off my chest.”
56.The homework is threatening for some students because .
A. they are middle-aged people B. they are not macho enough
C. they were taught to hide their emotions D. they didn’t know how to show feelings
57.From the passage we know that________.
A. the adult students have classes in the day time only
B. not all the adult students in the writer’s class are male
C. the man refused to meet his father after their quarrel
D. the man quickly decided to say “I love you” to his father
58.The underlined phrase “unfolded out of his chair” in Para 4 is closest in meaning to_______.
A. stood on his chair straight B. sat quietly in the chair
C. bent himself over his chair D. raised himself slowly from the chair
59.What does the man imply by saying the underlined sentence in the last paragraph?
A. He felt it too strange to say “I love you” to his father.
B. He felt relaxed just thinking of saying “I love you” to his father.
C. He felt very relaxed after saying “I love you” to his father.
D. He had to lift a heavy load off his chest before saying “I love you”.
60. .Which do you think can be the best title of the passage?
A. Special homework for adults. B. Saying “I love you” is not mancho.
C. Disagreement between father and son . D. It is easy for adults to express their love.
D
Learning English has a powerful effect on the type of job you can get. If you don’t speak English well, you won’t find many jobs, and yes, you’ll earn much less money. Only 2% of company managers can’t speak English! Your family can also benefit from you learning English. And you can learn with them, helping each other as a family. Children have up to a 40% better chance of finishing high school if their parents speak English well. If you speak English better , you’ll find more jobs--- good jobs. Or you can get a promotion and earn more money. Learn how the Beehive can help you find the right job.
School. Children go to their parents when they need help with school. If you speak better English, you can help your child with homework and you can also talk to teachers and other parents.
Health. Most doctors and pharmacists(药剂师) in America only speak English, and if you can explain what the problem is and understand what the doctor is saying, you’ll get better sooner! On the Beehive, you can find cheap, free medical help or find important information for your family.
Education. With a little more English, you might be able to take your high school diploma (GED), go to a vocational school to learn a profession or even go to college! Find out what type of education is right for you, and how to do it. It is never too late!
Money. If you understand what people tell you at the bank, a store or a lawyer’s office, nobody will be able to cheat you! With more English, you can save more, send more money to your family and even start your own business. Don’t wait! Find an English course now! And remember, with the Beehive you can practice English and find a good job, open a bank account or find a doctor! The Beehive is written very clearly so you can make life better. Many people are doing it!
71. Learning English well can help us in the following things EXCEPT__________.
A. finding many more good jobs B. a better chance of finishing high school
C. a promotion and earning more money D. cheating others easily
72. How can English benefit you in America?
A. You’ll communicate with most doctors and pharmacists better.
B. You can find cheap, free medical help for your family.
C. You can find important information for your family .
D. You can take your GRE.
73. If you want to learn English well, where should you learn?
A. Most doctors and pharmacists in America. B. A vocational school for practical English.
C. Colleges for special English. D. The Beehive for an English course.
74. Which kind of article is this passage?
A. A Notice. B. A magazine.
C. An advertisement. D. A newspaper.
75. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Learning English has a powerful effect on your job.
B. Learn more English, your life will be sweeter.
C. If you speak English better, you’ll find more jobs.
D. it is never too late to find out the right type of education!
C
Less TV Reduce Kids Weight
PALO AITO, California—“ Switching off the television may help prevent children from getting fatter—even if they do not change their diet or increase the amount they exercise,” US researchers said last week.
A study of 192 third and fourth grades, generally aged eight and nine, found that children who cut the number of hours spent watching television gained nearly two pounds （0.91 kg ） less over a one-year period than those who did not change their television diet.
“The findings are important because they show that weight loss can only be the result of a reduction in television viewing and not any other activity,” said Thomas Robinson, a pediatrician （儿科专家）at Stanford University.
“ American children spend an average of more than four hours per day watching television and videos or playing games, and rates of childhood being very fat have doubt over the past 20 years,” Robinson said.
In the study, presented this week to the Pediatric Academic Societies’ annual meeting in San Francisco, the researchers persuaded about 100 of the students to reduce their television viewing by one-quarter to one-third.
Children watching fewer hours of television showed a significantly smaller increase in waist size and had less body fat than other students who continue their normal television viewing, even though neither group ate a special diet nor took part in any extra exercise.
“One explanation for the weight loss could be the children unstuck to the television may simply have been moving around and burning off calories,” Robinson said.
“Another reason might be due to eating fewer meals in front of the television. Some studies have suggested that eating in front of the TV encourages people to eat more,” Robinson added.
66. The author tries to tell us in the first two paragraphs that ____.
A. children will get fatter if they eat too much.
B. children will get thinner if they eat less.
C. children will get fatter if they spend less time watching TV.
D. children will get fatter if they spend more time watching TV.
67. According to the passage, the time American children usually spend on watching TV ____.
A. is more than four hours a day. B. is less than four hours a day.
C. doubled in the last twenty years.D. is more than on any other activities.
68. The time children spend on TV viewing every day is suggested to be about ___.
A. six hours B. eight hours C. three hours D. one hour
69. Which of the following is right ?
A. Children usually eat fewer while watching TV.
B. Children usually eat more while watching TV.
C. Children eat the same amount of meals while watching TV.
D. Children usually eat nothing while watching TV.
70. Why can watching TV increase kids’ weight according to the passage ?
A. They usually eat more while watching TV.
B. They burn off fewer calories.
C. They change their diet while watching TV.
D. Both A and B