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If you are lost in the mountains， stay calm in the face of darkness， loneliness， and the unknown. It will greatly increase your chances of survival (生存). Many people think that preparing necessary equipment and knowing how to use it are very important， but actually eighty percent of mountain survival is your reaction to fear.
Find a hiding place
Unnecessary labor will make you sweat and make you cold. Find a hiding place around you before trying to start your own construction. If you are in a snow-covered area， you may be able to dig a cave in deep snow for protection from the wind. You should try to hide yourself in the middle of the mountain if possible. Stay out of the valleys-cold air falls， and the valley floor can be the coldest area on the mountain.
Signal for help
The best time to signal is during the day. Signal for help from the highest point possible-it will be easier for rescuers to see you， and any sound you make will travel farther. If you take a box of matches and a space blanket (a special blanket for traveling)， build three smoky fires and put your blanket-gold side facing out on the ground.
Do not walk away
It will make finding you more difficult， as search teams will be trying to follow your path and may miss you if you have gone off in a different direction. Searchers often end up finding a car with no one in it.
If you get frostbite (冻伤)， do not rewarm the affected area until you're out of danger.
You can walk on frostbitten feet， but once you warm the area and can feel the pain， you will not want to walk anywhere. Try to protect the frostbitten area and keep it dry until you are rescued.
When lost in the mountains， you can increase your chances of survival if you_____.

A．take a space blanket with you

B．do more physical labor

C．try to find a car immediately

D．walk as far as possible to find help

According to the passage， people most probably fail to survive if they _____.

A．do not take enough equipment

B．stay in the middle of the mountain

C．do not keep themselves warm

D．stay in a snow-covered area

What can we infer from the passage?

A．Don't travel by yourself.

B．Mountain traveling is dangerous.

C．Don't get frightened in danger.

D．Avoid going to unfamiliar places.

April Fool’s Day is supposed to be a day to play jokes on others in hopes of getting a good laugh and making one feel like a fool. However， the April Fool’s Day of 2014 was quite different for my mom and me.
That day my friend Jimmy and I were playing a game. I had dropped down from a bar (横木) many times in the past without ever having a problem， but that day the simple act of dropping to the ground became a nightmare (噩梦). I broke my arm.
Jimmy’s dad heard my crying and rushed out to see what was going on. When he saw the problem he quickly put me into his truck and went inside to telephone my mom and let her know he would take me to hospital. As that day was April Fool’s Day， Mom was not buying it and really thought all this was a big joke. Mom was finally convinced by Jimmy’s mom. When she saw me， she broke down in tears because she felt so bad –she originally thought this was just a big prank (恶作剧).
I guess one could compare this to the story of The Boy Who Cried Wolf. Since I had pulled pranks before， it is no wonder that my mom didn’t believe it. I as well as my mom was made to look like a fool that day. We both learned a valuable lesson.
What happened to the writer on the April Fool’s Day of 2014?

A．He dreamed a terrible dream.

B．He was hurt by Jimmy.

C．He had an accident.

D．He fooled his mom with his friend.

Why did Jimmy’s dad phone the writer’s mom?

A．Because he wanted to play a joke on her.

B．Because he wanted her to go to the hospital to pay the money.

C．Because he wanted to see how deeply she loved her son.

D．Because he wanted to inform her of the accident.

From the passage we can infer that _________.

A．the writer’s mom didn’t care much about him

B．the writer was a dishonest person

C．the writer won’t pull pranks as before

D．the writer will lose interest in games

Every time we turn on the TV or take a ride in a car, we could be adding to a problem called acid rain(酸雨). In this article, we’ll learn something important about acid rain.
The formation of acid rain
When people use fuels (燃料), such as coal and gasoline(汽油), poisonous gases are given off. When these gases come together with rain, acid rain forms. Many power stations burn fuels in order to create the electricity(电) that we use in our homes and offices every day. Cars and trucks also send these gases into the air when they burn gasoline. When rain meets these gases, harmful things called acids form. This is acid rain.
The harm of acid rain
Acid rain destroys everything that it touches. It poisons our rivers, ponds and lakes and oceans along with the life in them. It pollutes our soils and crops, harm trees, and can even kill fish and plants. Acid rain also eats away at our buildings.
The prevention of acid rain
We need to reduce and even stop the pollution that gets into our air. Turn off lights, televisions and other electrical appliances(电器) if we are not using them. Walk and take a bike whenever possible. If we are travelling a long distance, take a bus or train to save fuel.
As research shows, acid rain harms our environment. But people everywhere can take small steps now to help protect our environment for future generations.

Whenever we use electricity or drive our cars we may add something bad to the air around us. And even worse, we may cause a terrible problem—acid rain.
The formation of acid rain	When fuels, such as coal and gasoline are burnt, harmful gases are sent into the air. When these gases with rain, acid rain forms.
The harm of acid rain	Acid rain is greatly to the environment. It makes our rivers, ponds and lakes and oceans dirty and the death of fish and plants. And it can corrode (腐蚀) the buildings we live in.
The prevention of acid rain	Trying to prevent the pollution that gets into the air is . Keep the electrical appliances off while they are not in use. We can also use different ways of traffic to make less use of fuels.
Research tells us that acid rain harms our environment. So people around the world can take small steps now to make a to our kids.

If we are asked exactly what we were doing a year ago, we should probably have to say that we could not remember. But if we had kept a book and had written it in an account(陈述) of what we did each day, we should be able to give an answer to the question.
It is the same in history. Many things have been forgotten because we don’t have written account of them. Sometimes men did keep a record of the important happenings in their country, but it was often destroyed(破坏) by fire or in a war. Sometimes there was never any written record at all because the people of that time and place did not know how to write. For example, we know a great deal about the people who lived in China 4,000 years ago, because they could write and leave written records for those who lived after them. But we know almost nothing about the people who lived even 200 years ago in central Africa because they had not learnt to write.
Sometimes, even if the people cannot write, they may know something of the past. They have heard about it from older people and often songs and dances and stories have been made about the most important happenings, and those have been sung and acted and told for many generations(代), for most people are proud to tell what their fathers did in the past. This we may call “remembered history”. Some of it has been written history because words are much more easily changed when used again and again in speech than when copied in writing. But where there are no written records, such spoken stories are often helpful.
Which of the following ideas is NOT included in the passage?

A．“Remembered history” is less reliable (可靠的) than written history.

B．Written records of the past play an important role in our learning of the human history.

C．A written account of our daily activities helps us to be able to answer many questions.

D．If there are no written records, there is no history.

We know very little about the central Africa 200 years ago because ________.

A．there was nothing worth writing down at that time

B．the people there paid no attention to the importance of keeping a record

C．the written records were perhaps destroyed by fire

D．the people there did not know how to write

“Remembered history” is considered as valuable only when ________.

A．it is written down	B．there is no written account
C．it proves to right	D．people are interested in it

The passage suggests(暗示) that we could have learnt much more about our past than we do now if the ancient people had ________.

A．kept a record of every past event

B．not burnt their written records in wars

C．told the exact stories of the most important happenings

D．made more songs and dances

Spending two or three hours playing outdoors each day can reduce the chance of becoming short-sighted, a research shows. It challenges the belief(信念) that short-sightedness is caused by computer use, watching TV or reading in weak light.
The Australian government researchers believe that the sunlight is good for people’s eyes. They compared the vision(视力) and habits of 100 seven-year-old children in Singapore and Australia. In all, 30% of the Singaporean children were short-sighted—this rate(比率) was ten times higher than Australian children.
Both groups spend a similar amount(数量) of time reading, watching television and playing computer games. However the Singaporean children spent an average (平均) of only half an hour a day outdoors—90 minutes less than the Australian children.
Professor Ian Morgan, from the Australian Research Council’s vision Centre, said, “Humans are naturally long-sighted, but when people begin to go to school and spend little or no time outdoors, the number of short-sighted people gets larger. We’re also seeing more and more short-sighted children in cities all around the world and the main reason may be that city children spend less time outdoors.
Daylight can be hundreds of times brighter than indoor light. But why does playing outside prevent us from becoming short-sighted? Scientists believe that natural light has a special chemical(化学物质) which stops the eyeball from growing out of shape and prevents people from becoming short-sighted.
So be outdoors. It doesn’t matter if that time is spent having a picnic or having sports.
How much time did the Australian children spend outdoors on average according to the research?

A．30 minutes.	B．60 minutes.
C．90 minutes.	D．120 minutes.

Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A．If people spend less time outdoors they will certainly become short-sighted.

B．There are fewer short-sighted Singaporean Children than Australian children because they have more knowledge of protecting their eyesight.

C．There will be fewer risks of getting short-sighted if people spend two or three hours a day playing outside.

D．When people begin to go to school they will become long-sighted.

What is the fifth paragraph mainly about?

A．Why natural daylight has a special chemical.

B．Why daylight prevents people from becoming short-sighted.

C．Why daylight is much brighter than indoor light.

D．What the special chemical which can stop eyeballs from growing out of shape is.

Name	Telephone number	Car number	ID card number
Jim Green	523-4564	AK1688	41012919690101
Jack Smith	13657047321	YNA222	12103419771202
Linda White	13550295437	WTS168	34110019870904
Zhang Liangyin	028-82740403	川A·DE456	51012419811213
Han Huahua	010-57432128	京B·AB388	01010019890807
Bob Smith	238-4508	EL5656	01731219771209