电视已经走进了千家万户，是我们生活的重要组成部分。每个人都有-优题课

【2013年江苏盐城】任务型阅读（共10小题，每小题1分，计10分）
Have you ever wondered what an American high school is really like? This article will describe a typical (典型的) high school and its students.
A typical American high school has several large buildings and enough space for about 1,500 students. Every student is given a locker. When students first arrive at school, they go straight to their lockers to put away or get their textbooks and to hang up their outdoor clothes. As American textbooks are expensive, students would rather loan(租借) than buy them. Students must pay back if they lost any of them.
American students have different types of school transport. They usually take a yellow school bus or walk to school if they live close enough. Sometimes their parents drive them to school. When they turn 16 years of age, most take a free driving class at school for one term. If students earn passing grades in the class and also pass their state driver’s exam, they can begin driving themselves to school.
Each day, students take six or seven classes. They must take science, math, English and social studies. They can choose art, homemaking, fashion design and other classes. In some schools students are required to take one or more of the following special classes: health education, physical education or foreign language studies. Students move to different classrooms for each subject. This is because each teacher has their own classroom. There is a five-minute break between classes, to give the students the time to hurry to their next class.
The regular school day usually ends early in the afternoon. After school more than half of the students are involved in after-school activities. These activities include sports-especially football, basketball, baseball and soccer or clubs, such as yearbook, speech, school newspaper, photograph or student government.
Title: in an American High School

Outline	Details
Introduction	◇It gives an overview of a typical American high school and its .
Lockers and textbooks	◇Every student has a locker for textbooks and clothes. ◇They prefer loaning textbooks to them.
transport	◇Students usually go to school by bus or on foot. Sometimes their send them to school by car. ◇They can themselves to school when they are over 16 and have passed the required tests.
Classes and classrooms	◇Students have to take main classes, elective classes and sometimes one or more classes. ◇They go to classrooms for each subject.
After-school activities	◇After school most of the students take in their faviourite activities, including sports and clubs.

【2013年山东烟台】
The famous scientist and thinker, Charles Darwin, was born on February 12, 1809. His family lived not far from the River Severn, England.
Charles’ father was a well-known doctor and the son of a still greater doctor and scientist. Charles’ father hoped that his son would also become a doctor.
As a boy Charles liked to go for walks in the fields and forests. He watched nature and compared what he saw with everything he had read in science books. He also liked collecting very much. He collected many things: eggs, stones, and leaves. His father did not like this, as Charles was not studying very well at school.
①为了成为一名医生，十六岁时达尔文就被送到爱丁堡大学(Edinburgh University) 学习。But he was interested in the history of nature.
Then he studied at Cambridge University until 1831.
Some time later, he heard that the ship Beagle was going on a trip to South America and wanted a scientist. His professor advised him to go. He said the trip would be just for Darwin. So when the ship left England in December 1831, Darwin was on it. The research lasted almost five years. The Beagle studied the waters in the sea near South America. It also visited New Zealand, Australia and islands in the Pacific. Darwin saw many new plants and animals. He collected all kinds of plants, which he sent home from the places he visited.
When he returned home, Darwin was warmly greeted by his families and many friends.
In 1842, Darwin went to live in Kent, where he continued his studies of the changes in nature. ②Darwin understood that plants and animals are not always the same, and that they really change.
By 1859, Darwin had finished his famous book The Origin of Species. It made a great hit in the world of science. ③He was opposed (反对) by the church and even by some scientists. But later, more and more scientists agreed with him.
Darwin continued his studies in science until he died in 1882.

请根据文章内容回答问题。
Why didn’t Charles become a doctor?
____________________________________________________________________
When did Charles start the research with the Beagle?
_____________________________________________________________________
◆根据短文内容，完成下列各题。
请将①处划线句子翻译成英语。
_______________________________________________________________________
请将②处划线句子翻译成汉语。
________________________________________________________________________
请改写③处划线句子，使其意思与原句一致（每空一词）。
The church and even some scientists ____________ ___________ him.

【2013湖北黄石】When we talk of plants, most of us will think of things that grow from the ground and have green leaves, but there are plants that do not look or act like other plants. Some of these belong to a special class of plants called fungi.
Fungi may appear almost everywhere. ①They commonly grow in wet places where they can get food and water easily. Because fungi do not have green leaves to make their own food, fungi must take their food from animals, other plants or water. Some fungi live on dead or rotting wood, while others grow on living trees or in dirt or moss(苔藓). Mushrooms(蘑菇) are the best-known fungi.
②There are many kinds of mushrooms appearing in all shapes and sizes. For example, cauliflower mushrooms are found in forests from July to October. They can grow to be as heavy as fifty pounds! They grow at the foot of trees. Squirrel’s bread(松茸) is another kind of wild mushroom. Its appearance and use can explain its name. These fungi look like small golden cakes. Squirrels can easily eat them or carry them off to their hole to eat later.
③食品店里的蘑菇是人们精心种植的，可安全食用。People are warned never to touch or taste wild mushrooms, because some of them are deadly. Even less dangerous ones can still make a person very sick.
将①句译成中文。
_________________________________________________________________
将②句译成中文。
_________________________________________________________________
将③句译成英文。
________________________________________________________________
回答问题：
From what can fungi take food?
_________________________________________________________________
What is squirrel’s bread? How to understand the name?
_________________________________________________________________

【2014年江苏省盐城市中考】
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成表格中所缺信息,每空一词。
As a teenager, you’re trying to learn who you are. You’re going through mental and physical changes. You’re dealing with different kinds of stress and trying to succeed in school.
The good news is that though the teen years are tough, there are skills you can learn to make them a lot easier.
If you’re a teen and trying to manage your feelings better, here are a few skills for you to deal with your feelings.
Name the feeling.
What feeling are you experiencing? For example, are you sad, stressed. Angry, joyful or excited?
Accept what you’re feeling.
Many people worry that their feelings will increase. So they are not willing to accept them, hoping that they’ll just go away. However, that’s impossible. Remind yourself that it’s OK to feel your feelings.
Become familiar with your feelings.
To better understand your feelings, you should pay attention to your feelings all over the day. You may record how you’re feeling in the morning, afternoon and at night on a piece of paper. Next to your feeling, also write down where you notice it in your body.
Express your feelings.
Expressing a feeling is a good way to reduce it. For example, you can express your feelings by crying, exercising, writing about them or talking to someone you trust. Just be sure that whatever activity you choose, it doesn’t hurt you or anyone else.
At different times in your life, you’ll experience different difficulties. But by learning some helpful skills, you’ll be able to live a comfortable life.
How to with Your Feelings

Main idea	◇Though the teen years are tough, you can learn some to manage your feelings better.
Skills to you manage your feelings	◇Name the feeling that you are .
	◇Be willing to your feelings. ◇Remind yourself not to that the feeling will go away.
	◇Pay attention to your feelings the day by recording them. ◇Write down where you notice them in your body.
	◇Express your feelings through some activities to them. ◇Don’t anyone whatever activity you choose.
Conclusion	◇Learn some helpful skills, and you can live even though you may have difficulties in your life.

【2014年江苏省徐州市中考】
阅读短文，根据其内容在短文后的图表中的空格里填入一个恰当的单词。
Eric and Chen first met in their Maths class at an American college. Chen was an international student from China. He wanted to learn about American culture and hoped he and Eric would become good friends. At first, Eric seemed friendly. He always greeted Chen warmly before class. Sometimes he offered to study with Chen. He even invited Chen to eat lunch with him. But after the term was over and they were in different classes, Eric seemed more distant. They didn’t see each other very much at college. One day Chen called Eric ,But Eric didn’t seem very interested in talking to him, Chen was hurt by Eric’s change of attitude（态度）.“Eric said we were friends.”Chen said.“I thought friends were friends forever. As a foreigner, he doesn’t understand the way Americans view friendship.
Americans use the word “friend” in a very general way . Their friendship is based on common interests. When the shared activity ends, the friendship may die. Now as Eric and Chen are no longer classmates, their“friendship”has changed.
In some cultures friendship means a strong life-long tie between two people—friendship develops slowly, since it is built to last. American friendship develops quickly, and it may change just as quickly.
Learning how Americans view friendship can help non-Americans remove misunderstandings（误解）. It can help them make friends in the American way.