His first fight was for the equal rights of black people in South Africa. Then, as the first black president he fought to unite the country and organize the government. Now Nelson Mandela has set his sights on a new enemy, AIDS.
On March 19 the 82-year-old, former president, hosted his second AIDS-awareness concert. He warned that 25 million people in Africa were already infected with the fatal disease.
Mandela was born in a small village in South Africa in 1918. He was adopted (收养) by the chief of his tribe (部族) and could have been a chief himself and lived a happy country life.
But he refused to be a chief when his people lived under racial discrimination ( 种族歧视). He decided to fight for equal rights for all the people in South Africa. Before 1990, under the country’s Racial Segregation Law (种族隔离法), colored and white people lived separately. Black people were treated unfairly even when taking a bus. Blacks had to stand at the back of the bus to make room for white people even when there were only a few of them on board.
For his opposition (反对) to the system Mandela was arrested (被捕) and spent 27 years in prison. He was freed in 1990 and become the president of the country after the first elections were held in which everyone could vote.
Mandela was not only a political fighter who attacked with speeches. He was also a trained boxer (拳击手) and fought in the ring when he was young.
“ Although I did not enjoy the violence of boxing, I was interested in how one moved one’s body to protect oneself, how one used a strategy both to attack and retreat (撤退),” he wrote in his autobiography.
As a skilful fighter, he chose music as his weapon against AIDS. He hopes to win another victory against AIDS.Nelson Mandela succeeded in doing the following except _____.
| A．winning the equal rights for the black people in South Africa |
| B．uniting South Africa |
| C．organizing a government in South Africa |
| D．controlling the spread of AIDS |
If Nelson Mandela hadn’t fought against racial discrimination, he _____.
| A．could easily have been the president of South Africa |
| B．could still have lived a happy life |
| C．could have been in a difficult situation |
| D．would have been an excellent boxer |
It can be inferred that Nelson Mandela _____.
| A．continues to help the black people with the political struggle |
| B．is taking a position in a music group |
| C．is taking on the world’s greatest fight against AIDS |
| D．is preparing for the next election of president |
Which statement can best describe the life of Nelson Mandela?
| A．Struggle is his life. |
| B．Sports make his fame. |
| C．Fight for equal rights. |
| D．Great fighter against government. |
|
This booklet is designed to help you and your family plan for and survive a major earthquake. By taking action to be prepared, you can lessen the impact of an earthquake on your family. Set aside some emergency supplies, and teach your family what to do at home during and after a disaster. You could be without help for up to 72 hours, so learn to cope for at least that long.
Movement of the ground is seldom the actual cause of death or injury. Most casualties（意外） result from partial building collapse and falling objects and debris, like toppling chimneys, falling bricks, ceiling plaster, and light fixtures. Many of these conditions are easily preventable.第二部分阅读理解（共 25 小题。第一节每小题 2 分，第二节每小题 1 分；满分 45 分）
One of the most important aspects of an image is color. People are very sensitive to color, and different colors have different effects on people .
In general , red is an exciting color , which creates an image of action, energy and danger. Red is also the most frequently used color in flags .Eighty percent of the world’s flags contain red. A study in “Germany showed that football teams wearing red are more successful .Blue is a very calm color .Business executives usually wear dark blue suits .Blue is also a peaceful color. The flag of the United Nations is light blue .Yellow is associated with openness and freedom. Green is a very relaxing color .Surgeons nowadays wear green ,because it’s less tiring than white .Black creates an image of power and authority .It can also be a very threatening color .Gangsters and vampires often wear black .white is a pure and strong color .This is one reason why doctors wear white coats .We trust them more .Grey is a very anonymous color .People wearing grey don’t want other people to notice them .Brown is the opposite of black .It’s warm and friendly ,while black is threatening .
41．What does the author mainly talk about in the passage?
A．Color and Character B．Color and Image
C．Color and Occupation D．People are sensitive to color
42．Which of the following is true about color according to the passage?
A．Eighty per cent of the world’s flags contain green.
B．Brown is the opposite of pink, presenting warmth.
C．Red creates an image of energy , danger and freedom.
D．Blue is a peaceful and calm color.
43.The underlined word “anonymous” roughly means ______
A outstanding B．beautiful C．exciting D．unknown
Even plant can run a fever, especially when they’re under attack by insects or disease. But unlike human, plants can have their temperature taken from 3, 000 feet away - straight up. A decade ago, adopting the infrared （红外线）scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites, physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress. The goal was to let farmers precisely target pesticide （杀虫剂）spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field, which invariably includes plants that don’t have pest （害虫）problems.
Even better, Paley’s Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems before they became visible to the eye. Mounted on a plane flown at 3, 000 feet at night, an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted by crops. The data were transformed into a color - coded map showing where plants were running“ fevers”. Farmers could then spot - spray, using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide than they otherwise would.
The bad news is that Paley’s company closed down in 1984, after only three years. Farmers resisted the new technology and long - term backers were hard to find. But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce, and refinements in infrared scanning, Paley hopes to get back into operation. Agriculture experts have no doubt the technology works. “This technique can be used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States, ” says George Oerther of Texas A & M. Ray Jackson , who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture, thinks remote infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade. But only ff Paley finds the financial backing which he failed to obtain 10 years ago.
56．Plants will emit an increased amount of heat when they are________.
A. sprayed with pesticides B. facing an infrared scanner
C. in poor physical condition D. exposed to excessive sun rays
57．In order to apply pesticide spraying precisely, we can use infrared scanning to________.
A. estimate the damage to the crops B. measure the size of the affected area
C. draw a color -coded map D. locate the problem area
58．Farmers can save a considerable amount of pesticide by________.
A. resorting to spot – spraying B. consulting infrared scanning experts
C. transforming poisoned rain D. detecting crop problems at an early stage
59．The application of infrared scanning technology to agriculture met with some difficulties________.,
A. the lack of official support B. its high cost
C. the lack of financial support D. its failure to help increase production
60．Infrared scanning technology may be brought back into operation because of________.
A. the desire of farmers to improve the quality of their produce
B. growing concern about the excessive use of pesticides on crops
C. the forceful promotion by the Department of Agriculture
D. full support from agricultural experts
Suppose you work in a big firm and find English very important for your job because you often deal with foreign businessmen. Now you are looking for a place where you can improve your English, especially your spoken English.
Here are some advertisements about English language training from newspapers. You may find the information you need.
| Global English Center *General English in all four skills：listening，speaking，reading，and writing． *3-month（700 yuan），6-month（1，200 yuan）and one-year（2，000 yuan）courses． *Choice of morning or evening classes，3 hours perday，Mon—Fri． *Experienced college English teachers． *Close to city center and bus stops． Tel：67705272 Add：105 Ahongshan Road，100082 |
| Modem Language School *Special courses in English for business，travel，banking．hotel management and office skills． *Small classes（12-16 students）on Sat. & Sun. from 2︰00-5︰00 p. m. *Native English teachers from Canada and USA． *Language lab and computers supplied． *3-month course：1，050 yuan；6-month course：1，850 yuan． Write or phone；Modem Language School，675 Park Road．100056 Tel：67353019 |
| The 21 st Century English Training Centre *We specialize in effective（卓有成效的）teaching at all levels． *We offer morning or afternoon classes．both three months and a half at a cost of 800 yuan． *We also have a six-week TOEFL preparation class during winter and summer holidays． *Emrance exams：June 1 and Dec．1． *Only 15-minute walk from city center． Call 67801642 for more information． |
| The International House of English *Three／Six-month English courses for students of all levels at very low cost：60 yuan for 12 hours per week；convenient（方便的）class hours：9︰00-12︰00 a. m. and 2︰00-5︰00 p.m. *A four-month evening programmer for developing speaking skills （same cost as day classes）. *Free sightseeing and social activities（活动）． *Very close to the Central Park．For further information call 67432308. |
52．You work from 9︰00 a. m. to 4︰30 p. m. every day. Which school will you choose?
A. Global English Center and Modem Language School.
B. Global English Center and the International House.
C. Modern Language School and the 21st Century.
D. The 21st Century and the International House.
53．The 21st Century is different from the other three schools in that________.
A. its teaching quality is better B. it is nearest to the city center
C. its courses are more advanced D. it requires an entrance examination
54．You will probably prefer to go to the International House because it________.
A. offers free sightseeing and social activities B. has a special course in spoken English
C. costs less than the other schools D. has native English teachers
55．If you take the evening programmed at the International House, you will pay about________.
A. 60 yuan B. 240 yuan C. 720 yuan D. 960 yuan
There are two types of people in the world. Although they have equal degree of health and wealth and other comforts of life, one becomes happy, the other becomes unhappy. This arises from the different ways in which they consider things, persons, events and the resulting effects upon their minds.
People who are to be happy fix their attention on the convenience of things. The pleasant parts of conversation, the well prepared dishes, the goodness of the wine, the fine weather. They enjoy all the cheerful things. Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the opposite things. Therefore, they are continually dissatisfied. By their remarks, they sour the pleasure of society, offend （hurt）many people, and make themselves disagreeable everywhere. If this turn of mind was founded in nature, such unhappy persons would be the more to be pitied. The intention of criticizing （批评）and being disliked is perhaps taken up by imitation（模仿）. It grows into a habit, unknown to its possessors. The habit may be strong , but it may be cured when those who have it realize its bad effects on their interests and tastes. I hope this little warning may be of service to them, and help them change this habit.
Although in fact it is chiefly an act of the imagination, it has serious results in life since it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck. Those people offend many others; nobody loves them, and no one treats them with more than the most common politeness and respect. This frequently puts them in bad temper and draws them into arguments. If they aim at getting some advantages in social position or fortune, nobody wishes them success. Nor will anyone start a step or speak a word to favor their hopes. If they bring on themselves public objections, no one will defend or excuse them, and many will join to criticize their wrongdoings. These should change this bad habit and be pleased with what is pleasing, without worrying needlessly about themselves and others. If they do not, it will be good for others to avoid any contact （接触）with them. Otherwise, it can be disagreeable and sometimes very inconvenient, especially when one becomes mixed up in their quarrels.
48．“The phrase“sour the pleasure of society” most nearly means________.
A. have a good taste with social life B. make others unhappy
C. tend to scold others openly D. enjoy the pleasure of life
49．We can conclude from the passage that________.
A. we should pity all such unhappy people
B. such unhappy people are dangerous to social life
C. people can get rid of the habit of unhappiness
D. unhappy people can not understand happy persons
50．If such unhappy persons insist on keeping the habit , the author suggests that people should ________.
A. prevent any communication with them
B. show no respect and politeness to them
C. persuade them to recognize the bad effects
D. quarrel with them until they realize the mistakes
51．In this passage, the writer mainly________.
A. describes two types of people B. laughs at the unhappy people
C. suggests ways to help them unhappy D. tells people how to be happy in life