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阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
I found the imagination of becoming a grandmother somewhat discouraging. I was younger than I thought a grandmother should be when I got the news that I was going to become one myself. I admit, it was not a role that I was emotionally ready to accept. I had been a young mother, and had certainly hoped my daughter would not face that same challenge. I remarried when she was a teenager, and then had two more children. On getting the news that she was expecting(怀孕), I remember thinking “What do I know about being a grandmother? —I haven’t even finished raising my own kids yet!” I don’t like to be unprepared, so I read a few books about grandparenting. That gave me a little help, but I was still uncertain. I thought about other grandmothers I knew, and got a few ideas I liked and a few more that I didn’t. But I couldn’t quite figure out what kind of grandmother I wanted to be. Then I thought about my own grandmother, Granny, as she’s known by most people, and I knew I had the answer.
I didn’t realize it until that moment, but my own grandmother was the example for the kind of grandmother I wanted to be. I am fortunate that I got to spend a lot of time with my grandparents when I was a little kid. Here is what I learned from my Granny:
Grandmothers always have a cookie jar. For my whole life, Granny always had a cookie jar full of cookies. When I was a little tiny girl, just at eye level with the counter, Granny would get the cookie jar down for me. When I was a little older I learned how to pull the chair over so I could reach. As I got taller, if I really stretched, I could reach the cookie jar with my finger tips and move it close enough to get it down off the counter to find out what kind of treat was inside. Always the first thing I did when I went to Granny’s house was check the cookie jar, and there were always cookies in it. Many years later, I’ll drive my own children to Granny’s house and the first thing to do is get us all a cookie.
So grandmothers must have a cookie jar, and on my granddaughter’ s first Christmas,my daughter bought me my own cookie jar. She said when they came to see me,her daughter would find the treat the way she did and I did.
The writer thought it was a little discouraging to be a grandmother because________.

A.she was not old enough to be one
B.she was not emotionally ready to be one
C.she thought her daughter was too young to be a mother
D.grandmother should be older than she was

The underlined phrase “that same challenge ” in the first paragraph refers to “________”

A.taking care of a grandchild
B.taking care of a baby
C.being a young grandmother
D.being a young mother

It can be inferred from the last paragraph that________.

A.the writer has many happy memories of her grandmother’s cookie jar
B.the writer always wanted to know what was inside her grandmother’s cookie jar
C.the writer often drove her grandchildren to see her grandmother’s cookie jar
D.women of the writer ‘s age all have a cookie jar for their grandchildren

What kind of grandmother did the writer want to be?

A.One who has a jar filled with many kinds of cookies for children and herself.
B.One who grows up with her grandmother^ cookie jar with all kinds of cookies.
C.One who is like her own grandmother with a cookie jar to treat her grandchildren.
D.One who always makes different kinds of cookies to treat her grandchildren.

Which of the following can be the best title of this text?

A.Grandmother’s Cookie Jar
B.Grandmother’s Treat for Children
C.Grandmothers and Grandchildren
D.Happy Memories of Cookies
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Goals can help you do, be and experience everything you want in life. Instead of just letting life happen to you, goals allow you to make your life happen.
Successful and happy people have an idea of how their life should be and they set lots of goals to help them succeed. By setting goals you are taking control of your life. It’s like having a map to show you where you want to go. Think of it this way. There are two drivers. One has a destination in mind which is laid out for her on a map. She can drive straight there without any wasted time or wrong turns. The other driver has no goal or destination or map. She starts off at the same time from the same place as the first driver, but she drives without an aim around, never getting anywhere, just using up gas and oil. Which driver do you want to be?
Winners in life set goals and follow through on them. Winners decide what they want in life and then get there by making plans and setting goals. Unsuccessful people just let life happen by accident. Goals aren’t difficult to set―and they aren’t difficult to reach. It’s up to you to find out what your goals and ideals(理想)really are.
Research tells us that when we write a goal down, we are more likely to achieve. Written goals can be reviewed regularly,and have more power. Like a contract with yourself, they are harder to neglect(忽视)or forget. Also when you write your goals in a particular way, you are able to make yourself be continuously alert(警觉)to situations that will further your goals.
The writer gave the example of two drivers to show.

A.how stupid the first driver was B.the importance of having a map and right direction
C.how stupid the second driver was D.the importance of setting goals

According to the passage, successful people are different from unsuccessful ones because.

A.the successful people set goals for everything and can get help from others
B.the unsuccessful people always set unrealistic plans for themselves
C.the successful people set goals in their lives and make plans to carry it out
D.the unsuccessful people make plans for everything but can not work hard

According to the passage, the most important thing in realizing one’s ideal is to.

A.try to be realistic about one’s ability
B.let others help him or her to make his or her dream come true
C.let others understand him or her first,then work together with them
D.have a clear mind of what he or she wants in life

Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A.Goals can make you gain everything you want in life
B.Only successful people can be happy
C.If you want to succeed,you need a set long-term goals instead of short-term Goals
D.When we put our goal down on papers, we are more likely to succeed

Which is the best title for the passage?

A.Goals help you succeed B.How to succeed
C.Why we always failed D.A research on setting goals

Forty-two of the fifty American states offered some kind of public online learning this past school year.One state,Michigan,now requires all students to have an online learning experience before they finish high school.Even the idea of a school has changed since the rise ofthe Internet in the 1990s.
A new report from the Center for Evaluation and Education Policy at Indiana University says eighteen states have full-time virtual schools.There are no buildings.All classes are online.
Florida started the first statewide public virtual school in the United States in 1997.Today,the Florida Virtual School offers more man ninety courses.56,000 students were enrolled as of December.Almost sixty percent were female.The school's website says each student was enrolled in an average of two classes.
Florida Virtual School has now opened the Florida Virtual Global School.Students in other countries pay for classes.Janet Heiking teaches an English class.She lives in Indianapolis, Indiana.Her students live as far away as Africa and Japan.She says they are taking her Advanced Placement class to prepare for attending an American college.They can earn college credits by passing the AP test.
So how good are virtual schools? Studies have shown mixed results, as a new report from Indiana University notes.For example, students at Florida Virtual School earned higher grades than those taking the same courses the traditional way.And they scored higher on a statewide
test.But virtual school students in Kansas and Colorado had lower test scores or performed at a lower level than traditional learners.Studies also find that virtual schools may not save much in operating costs.
Education experts say the mixed results suggest the need for more research to find the best ways to teach in virtual schools.A1so, they say schools of education need to train more teachers to work in both real and virtual classrooms.
A virtual school is one that___________.

A.is set up after the rise of the Internet
B.uses textbooks as a main teaching resource
C.uses computer-based resources and has no teachers
D.has online classes and no real classrooms

The first statewide public virtual school in the USA was started in ________ .

A.Florida B.Indiana C.Michigan D.Colorado

Florida Virtual School is open to ________.

A.students in Indiana
B.students only around the USA
C.students across the world
D.only foreign students

Foreign students take Advanced Placement classes for the eventual purpose of __________ .

A.earning college credits
B.entering an American college
C.learning advanced science
D.passing the AP test

From the passage we learn that________.

A.the majority of virtual school students in Florida are male
B.all senior students m Michigan have an online learning experience
C.virtual schools are better than traditional schools
D.both real and virtual classrooms need more trained teachers

Who cares if money can’t buy you love? But it can still be your best friend forever.That’s one of the surprising findings in a new research paper, “The Power of Money”,published in me journal Psychological Science.
Like any best friend forever,money demonstrated to researchers its ability to soothe us,reduce our sense of social exclusion and even reduce life’s painful moments.
“I was surprised” says Katherine Vohs,one of the researchers and professor at the University of Minnesota’s Carlson School of Management.“The findings were surprising because no one had connected the meaning of money to pain.The money wasn’t buying the subjects more friends;it was only psychologically helpful.”
In the research ,students were told they would be participating in a test of finger dexterity(敏捷度).One group was given some paper money to count,while the other group was given blank pieces of paper.Once the counting was complete, all the test subjects were asked to dip their fingers into bowls of water heated to 122 degrees—roughly the temperature of a very hot bath.
Result? Those who had been counting money reported less pain than those who had not.Subjects also were asked about their feelings.Those who handled actual money reported feeling stronger even 10 minutes after they put down the cash.
Combined with previous experiments,the findings confirmed what researchers have long doubted,that money acts as a general panacea(万能药)in the brain,giving us social self-confidence and reducing physical pain without having to spend a dime on aspirin.
But can we get the same effect by using credit cards? “No,credit cards do not have the same effect,” Vohs says.“They are scary for most people,and they in fact represent debt m many ways.”The findings could have an interesting effect in the business world, where recent trends have been to issue non-monetary rewards and bonuses instead of what was thought of as “cold, hard cash”.
The underlined word “soothe” in Paragraph 2 is the closest in meaning to“____________” .

A.encourage B.remind C.calm D.trust

What’s Katherine Vohs’s attitude towards the result of the study?

A.He found it totally unexpected.
B.He had no doubt about it.
C.He thought it needed further experiments.
D.He thought it was not convincing.

What do we know about the students involved in the study?

A.They were divided into two groups according to their ages.
B.One group was given paper money while the other was given coins.
C.They were holding the money while dipping fingers into hot water.
D.Both groups were asked to dip fingers into hot water.

We can 1earn from the passage that_________.

A.the effect of money can only last until we put it down
B.money is both psychologically and socially helpful to us
C.the result of the research hasn’t been confirmed(证实) by experts
D.credit cards have the same effect on us as money

The last paragraph suggests that___________.

A.the recent trend in the business world is to give cash as rewards
B.employers should give non-monetary rewards to employees
C.cash is a better way to reward employees than credit cards
D.more and more employees prefer non-monetary rewards to cash

To many Americans,Labor Day marks the end of the summer,a day off from work and school,and one last chance to relax.But Labor Day is much more than just a day off . It represents a very important victory for laborers everywhere.The holiday is a celebration of the social and economic achievements of American workers.
More than a century ago,workers were forced to deal with harsh conditions.They were paid very little, and they often worked 10-to l2-hour days.Men, women and even small children were forced to work even when they were sick.Tired of long hours and dangerous conditions,workers began organizing themselves into labor unions.On top of fighting for higher pay and shorter workdays,they also fought for the rights of children.The workers wanted employers to place limits on the age of their workers so that small children were not overworked or hurt in factories.
A New York City carpenter named Peter McGuire is credited for coming up with the idea for Labor Day.In 1872,after working many hours under poor conditions, McGuire rallied 100,000 workers to go on strike.The workers marched through the streets of New York City,demanding a better work environment.McGuire spent a decade fighting for workers’ rights.In 1882,he proposed the idea to create a special holiday for workers.On Tuesday,September 5,1882.more than 10,000 workers hit the streets of New York City for the first ever Labor Day parade.Two years later the celebration was moved to the first Monday in September.And in 1894,Congress passed a law making Labor Day a national holiday.
Americans celebrated the first Labor Day holiday with a parade,picnics and fireworks.Today,many people hit the road to enjoy the last of their summer vacation.Others enjoy the long weekend with picnics,backyard barbecues or just rest and relaxation.However you spend Labor Day,remember that the holiday is a time to pay tribute (致敬)to the workers who have made America what it is today.
What do we know from Paragraph 1 ?

A.Americans have more than a day off on Labor Day.
B.Many countries in the world celebrate Labor Day.
C.Labor Day has a deep meaning for American laborers.
D.Labor Day shows the social and economic power of America.

What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?

A.American workers’ fighting against their employers.
B.The bad life that American workers 1ed.
C.How American employers treated their workers.
D.The life that American workers ever expected.

The underlined word “rallied” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by“___________”.

A.persuaded B.supported C.rewarded D.gathered

Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A.There were about 100,000 workers in New York City in 1872.
B.Labor Day became a national holiday in 1884.
C.In 1872 Labor Day was first put forward by McGuire.
D.The first ever Labor Day parade was held in 1882.

According to the author,while spending Labor Day,Americans should feel _________ .

A.surprised B.thankful
C.dissatisfied D.superior

The Ocean Institute welcomes people to the City of Dana Point’s Festival of Whales celebration on both weekends.The event celebrates the migration(迁徙)of the whales off our coast.Respected ocean scientists of the ocean Institute introduce visitors to the world of whales.The speakers are arranged as the following.
Saturday,March 5,12:30 pm
Dr Gwen Goodmanlowe from Califomia State University is a full-time lecturer in the Department of Biology,and advises students working on degrees in marine(海洋的) biology.She received her doctorate in zoology from the University of Hawaii-Honolulu.
Sunday,March 6,12:30 pm
Matt Leslie,from Scripps Institute of Oceanography,has studied whales off the coast of Australia.Some of his current research projects include population structure analysis of whales using performance testing.He will lecture on guides for treatment of marine animals.
Saturday,March 12,12:30 pm
Dr Merkens,from Scripps Institute of Oceanography,will present her latest research on how sound or music can be used as a means to identify characteristics of whales and to find out how whales communicate with one another in the environment.
Sunday,March 13, 2 pm
Robert L. Pitman is a marine ecologist working for the National Marine Fishing Service.He began his career 35 years ago,studying seabirds and whales,and spends much of his time at sea on vessels at locations all over the world.His main interest is the ecology of the Antarctic killer whale.
The Festival will allow visitors to know about new discoveries in marine animal research and to explore a variety of information on whales.Visitors will have the opportunity to listen to underwater whale sounds,and enjoy hands-on activities.Guests will tour the tall ship Pilgrim.
Cost:$6.50 adults,$4.50 children(ages 4-12).For more information, please visit www.ocean-institute.org or call(949) 496-2274.
What do we know from the passage?

A.A large number of scientists will attend the Festival of Whales celebration.
B.The Festival of Whales celebration will be held from March 5 to March 13.
C.The Ocean Institute will hold the City of Dana Point’s Festival of Whales.
D.Four ocean scientists will tell visitors some information about whales.

What time should you attend the festival if you want to leam how to treat marine animals?

A.At 12:30 pm on Saturday, March 5.
B.At 12:30 pm on Sunday, March 6.
C.At 12:30 pm on Saturday, March 12.
D.At 2 pm on Sunday, March 13.

If you only have time after l pm on weekends,you can listen to a lecture delivered by_________ .

A.Gwen Goodmanlowe B.Mart Leslie C.Merkens D.Robert L.Pitman

Which of the following things can NOT visitors do according to the passage?

A.Have close contact with underwater whales.
B.Leam about new discoveries in marine animal research.
C.Explore some information on whales.
D.Tour the tall ship Pilgrim.

If a couple and their 13-year-old child attend the event,they would need to pay_________.

A.13 dollars B.17.50 dollars C.19.50 dollars D.11 dollars

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