Mayor Boris Johnson Monday outlined plans to make London “the cleanest” by the 2012 Olympics and called for commitments from other world cities at a climate change conference. Leaders of the world's 40 largest cities are meeting in Seoul this week for a summit on combating global warming ---- the third to be held since 2005.
"What we should do in Seoul is agree that we will stop the endless addiction of mankind to the internal combustion engine (内燃机)," said Johnson. He told a press conference the world's cities consume 75 percent of its energy and produce 80 percent of the emissions which cause climate change. "The problem of our planet is an urban problem," Johnson said.
He said the British capital wants to use the Olympics "to drive the greening and the improvement of our city" and noted that London is committed to reduce carbon emissions by 60 percent by 2025.
Johnson said the key measure was addressing the problems relating to domestic and commercial buildings, which accounted for 70 percent of carbon dioxide emissions in London. This involved retrofitting (翻新) ---- installing lagging (绝缘层材料) ---- in large numbers of public buildings.
Johnson proclaimed himself a "passionate cyclist" and said he would push ahead with cycle super-highways around London.
London's air quality problem, he said, was caused by vehicle emissions from 8,300 antiquated (陈旧的) diesel (柴油) buses, which could be replaced by low-carbon vehicles. There were also 32,000 taxis running on diesel fuel, which could be replaced by electric vehicles.
Johnson said there would be a substantial (实质上的) program in the next few years to produce a "cleaner, greener" bus for his city. "The age of the diesel-emitting bus has got to be over in London."Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to this passage?
| A．The used buses running on diesel will be replaced by electric vehicles. |
| B．London’s air quality will be improved in the near future. |
| C．London promises to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 60 percent by 2025. |
| D．Plans have been made to solve the problem of carbon dioxide emissions. |
What does the underlined word mean in the first paragraph?
| A．discussing | B．resisting | C．agreeing | D．supporting |
The topic of the meeting in Seoul might be __________.
| A．climate change | B．London Olympics in 2012 |
| C．global warming | D．green environment |
If the passage was continually written, the following might be __________.
| A．measures to replace the old and used vehicles |
| B．measures to reduce carbon dioxide emissions in London |
| C．measures to solve housing and commercial items |
| D．measures to end the age of the diesel bus |
Section One
The city is an accumulation of human civilization．Just as the American social philosopher（哲学家） Lewis Mumford put it, it is a special system which, fine and compact, has been designed to preserve the fruits of human civilization．Many Western languages have developed their versions of the term “civilization” from the same Latin（拉丁语的） word “civitas”（meaning “city”）, and it is by no means a coincidence．The city has played a significant role in the perfection of order in human society．
Section Two
The emblem, showing the image of three people ― you, me, him/her holding hands together, symbolizes the big family of mankind．Inspired by the shape of the Chinese character “世” （meaning the world）, the design conveys the organizers' wish to host an Expo which is of global scale and which displays the various urban cultures of the world．
Section Three
Created from the inspiration of Chinese character “人”, the design roots deeply in Chinese culture．It tells the world the eternal core（永恒的核心） and theme of Shanghai World Expo will be always human．The mascot “Haibao” will become the messenger for the theme of World Expo 2010 Shanghai China “Better City, Better Life”．
The basic structure of the Chinese character “人” in which each stroke（一笔，一划） supports each other also shows the concept that the beautiful life should depends on mutual-help．If the human are willing to support one another, the harmony among human, nature, and society will be available．Such an urban life will be nice．
Haibao’s confident smile is expressing his sincere greeting from China ― “World Expo 2010 Shanghai China welcomes you!”Section One mainly tells us about ______．
| A．the part cities play in human civilization |
| B．the development of the word “city” |
| C．why the Expo is held in Shanghai |
| D．where human civilization originated |
The underlined word “it” in Section One refers to ______．
| A．the civilization | B．the philosopher | C．the word | D．the city |
Which correctly matches the sections with the pictures described in the passage?
| Pictures |
 |
 |
 |
|||||
|
Dieters are often advised to stop drinking alcohol to avoid the extra calories lurking in a glass of wine or a favorite cocktail．But new research suggests that women who regularly consume moderate（适度的） amounts of alcohol are less likely to gain weight than nondrinkers and are at lower risk for obesity （fatness）．
The findings, reported this week in the Archives of Internal Medicine, are based on a study of 19,220 United States women aged 30 to 40 who fall into the “normal weight” based on their body mass index．Researchers at Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston tracked the women’s drinking habits over 13 years．About 60 percent of the women were light or regular drinkers, while about 40 percent reported drinking no alcohol．
Over the course of the study, 41 percent of the women became overweight．Although alcohol is packed with calories, the nondrinkers in the study actually gained more weight over time: nine pounds, on average, compared with an average gain of about three pounds among regular moderate drinkers．The risk of becoming overweight was almost 30 percent lower for women who consumed one or two alcohol drinks a day, compared with nondrinkers．
The findings are certain to be confusing for women who continue to receive conflicting messages about the health benefits and risks of alcohol．Although moderate drinking is associated with better heart health, regular drinking also increases breast cancer risk．
The trend toward less weight gain among drinkers doesn’t appear to hold true for men．A 2003 study of British men showed that regular drinkers gained more weight than nondrinkers．Studies suggest that drinking alcohol has different effects on eating habits among men and women．Men typically add alcohol to their daily caloric intake, whereas women are more likely to substitute（替代）alcohol for food．In addition, there may be differences in how men and women metabolize（代谢）alcohol．Metabolic studies show that after men drink alcohol, they experience little if any metabolic change．But alcohol appears to slightly speed up a woman’s metabolism．
The findings don’t mean women should rush to drink alcohol to lose weight．Other research shows that once a person is already overweight, her alcohol metabolism is more efficient, and so an overweight woman may gain more weight from alcohol than a lean（瘦的） woman．The data do, however, suggest that for many women facing weight problems, the extra calories are probably not coming from alcoholic drinks．According to the study, which of the following regular drinker is less likely to gain weight than nondrinkers?
A B C DThat men regular drinkers gained more weight than women regular drinkers is due to the following except ______．
| A．women are more likely to substitute alcohol for food． |
| B．men drink alcohol much faster than women． |
| C．men and women metabolize alcohol differently． |
| D．men have different effects on eating habits with women． |
The underlined word “whereas” may probably mean _______．
| A．so | B．in order that | C．but | D．and then |
What can a dieter probably do before reading this passage?
| A．Rush to drink alcohol to lose weight |
| B．Add alcohol to his or her daily caloric intake． |
| C．Face the weight problems alone． |
| D．Try to stop drinking any alcohol or wine． |
The Writers' Strike：Making the Best of the Worst
By now you are probably feeling the effects of the TV writers’ strike---the decision of television writers to stop working．With few new TV shows, I present to you a list of shows available on DVD worth your viewing time to keep you going during this painful period．
Arrested Development is one of the funniest and most clever shows ever to have appeared on network TV．With a most perfect cast（全体演员）, the show sets out to cover the daily happenings of the Bluth family, a group of selfish staff who manage to still put family first．
For more comedy goodness, I recommend one of the sharpest comedies to have ever broadcast, 30 Rock．Starring Tina Fey and Alec Baldwin, two stars with impressive comic timing, the show gives you a glimpse into the making of a sketch show （幽默短剧）,similar to Saturday Nigth Live, from the funny writers to the self-centered cast all the way up to the boss．
If you are looking for something more serious, or perhaps Friday Night lights might be more to your liking．If you are a fan of football, this show is probably for you．If you are a fan of great drama, both soapy and serious, this show is probably for you, If you are a fan of good-looking people, this show is definitely for you ．
If those shows were not enough for you, might I recommend a show with a more heart-pounding excitement? The Amazing Race, after twelve seasons, still remains one of the most exciting shows on TV．Teams of two travel the globe with little to no money and experience far-out adventures in an attempt to remain the last team standing．If you are fond of soapy TV shows, you will probably choose to watch ．
| A．Friday Night Lights | B．30 Rock |
| C．the Amazing Race | D．Saturday Night Live |
From the DVD shows listed above, we can learn that ．
| A．two teams won the amazing race |
| B．football fans enjoy the Amazing Race |
| C．the Bluths care about their family though selfish |
| D．30 Rock and Saturday Night Live have nothing in common |
The author writes the passage to tell us that ．
| A．the effects of the TV writers’ strike are great |
| B．the strike puts TV shows in the worst situation |
| C．watching DVD is a good choice during the strike |
| D．we should choose DVD shows according to our tastes |
The passage is most probably taken from ．
| A．a book review | B．a newspaper |
| C．a film poster | D．a DVD menu |
Dior was born in Normandy in 1905, and his family’s original plans for him included a career in the diplomatic service, but by the time he was twenty-three, with his parents’ money , he opened a small art gallery in Paris．By 1931, the money had been used up．Dior’s friends in the art gallery, asked him to draw and he took his first step at designing and drawing．His first job was with Lucien Lelong from whom Dior learned his craft（手艺）．
In February,1947, Dior started the New Look in his first major Paris collection．He was backed by a famous textile producer, Boussac, who looked after the dollars, while Dior looked after the fashions．Dior knew nothing about cutting and sewing, but he was good at fashion design．
The New Look started an entirely different look to costume, with a tiny waist, a rounded shoulder and a shapely bust（胸围）, usually with a low-cut neckline and a long full skirt．To women who had lived through the war years, the femaleness of the New look was a great success, for people were tired of tile extremely plain, wartime restrictive fashions．
It is said that dresses by Dior were “constructed like buildings”, but young people were attracted to his design, and all over the western world, manufacturers plunged（投入） into the production of his new style．Dior’s revolutionary designs lighted up a whole cycle of fashion, rounded, gentle, feminine, a delight in elegance．A New Look House of Dior opened in 1948, followed by one in London．Considered as King of Couture（women’s clothing）for years, the Dior empire grew until it covered every country in the western world, and included furs, hosiery, jewelry, perfumes, men’s wear and on and on．More than 1,000 people worked at the Paris headquarters then．
His sudden death in 1957 when he was 53 years old did not stop the growth of the House of Dior．Even now, so many years after his death, his name is closely connected with fashion throughout the world, and indeed is one of the most recognized names in the world, His first, great New Look, with its long skirts was an expression of freedom in the late 1940s．Which of the following designs is close to Dior’s?
| A． | B． | C． | D． |
According to the passage．in Dior’s life, he did NOT___________．
| A．make creative fashion designs |
| B．work in a diplomatic service |
| C．1earn craft as his first job |
| D．open a New Look House |
We can infer from the passage that _________．
| A．Dior and his supporter had different interests in business |
| B．Dior’s New Look had little influence on people then |
| C．Dior is only a brand of women’s fashion |
| D．Dior’s fashion was not accepted at first |
What is probably the best title for the passage?．
| A．The History of the New Look |
| B．The Growth of the Dior Empire |
| C．An Expression of Freedom—Dior |
| D．The Founder of the New Look—Dior |
共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分(请把此题的答案涂在答题纸上相应的位置)
根据短文内容，从下边的A-F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项。选项中有一些为多余项。
| A. Drug overuse and its consequence B. The problem of drug overuse in America C. Benefits of medicine and its wise use D Female drug overuse with reference to that of males E Misuse of medicine among the young generation F. Improper use of medicine among senior citizens |
Nowadays. millions of people misuse and even overuse pain medications and other drugs. Research by the American National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA, 1999) shows that around 2% of the population over age 12 were using drugs non-medically.
NIDA views medications as a powerful force for good in the contemporary world. They reduce and remove pain for millions of people suffering from illness and disease. They make it possible for doctors to perform complicated surgery to save lives. Many people afflicted by serious medical conditions are able to control their symptoms and become active, contributing citizens. NIDA points out that most individuals who take these drugs use them in a responsible.
Nevertheless, overuse of drugs such as opioids, central nervous system (CNS) depressants and stimulants does lead to harmful reliance in some people and is therefore becoming a serious public health concern. Although this abuse affects many people worldwide, particular trends of concern to the medical profession in the US appear among older adults, teenagers arid women.
64.
Though it may be a surprise to many, the misuse of medications may be the most common form of drug abuse among the elderly. Dr Kenneth Schrader of Duke University, North Carolina states that although the elderly represent about 13% of the US population, those aged 65 and over account for the consumption of one third of all drugs. People in this age group use medications roughly three times more than the general population and have poorer compliance with instruction for use. In another study of elderly patients admitted to treatment programs, 70% were women who had overused medicines.
Unfortunately, this trend among women does not only affect those aged over 65. In general, among women and men who are using either an anti-anxiety drug or a sedative, women are twice as likely to become addicted. In addition, statistics compiled for 12-17 year olds show that teenage girls are more likely than teenage boys to begin overusing psychotherapeutic medication such as painkillers, tranquillizers, stimulants and sedatives.