Even a small reduction in salt in the diet can be a big help to the heart. A new study used a computer model to predict how just three grams less a day would affect heart disease in the United States.
The result：10％ fewer heart attacks. 8％ fewer strokes. 4％ fewer deaths. 11％ fewer new cases of heart disease. And 240 billion dollars in health care savings.
Researchers found it could prevent 10，000 heart attacks and 9。200 deaths every year.
The study is in the New England Journal of Medicine. Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo at the University of California San Francisco was the lead author. She says people would not even notice a difference in taste with three grams， or one-half teaspoon，less salt per day. The team also included researchers at Stanford and Columbia Uni versity.
Each gram of salt contains four hundred milligrams of sodium（钠），which is how foods may list their salt content.
The government says the average American man eats ten grams of salt a day. The American Heart Association advises no more than three grams for healthy people. It says salt in the American diet has increased fifty percent since the nineteen seventies， while blood pressures have also risen. Less salt can mean a lower blood pressure.
New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg is leading an effort called the National Salt Reduction Initiative. The idea is to put pressure on food companies and restaurants. Critics call it government interference.
Mayor Bloomberg has already succeeded in other areas， like requiring fast food places in the city to list calorie information. Now a study by the Seattle Children’s Research Institute shows that the calorie information on the menu can influence what parents order for their children.We can tell from the passage that now heart attacks occur in the US every year.
| A．240，000 | B．900，000 | C．100，000 | D．92，000 |
It can be inferred from the passage that .
| A．all the heart diseases result from eating too much salt |
| B．the American Heart Association suggests less than 3 grams of salt a day for everyone |
| C．Americans ate no more than 5 grams of salt per day in the 1970s |
| D．the less salt one eats， the healthier he will be |
The last paragraph mainly tells us .
| A．Bloomberg has made some other efforts to improve people’s health |
| B．Bloomberg is very successful in his career |
| C．parents must pay great attention to calorie information |
| D．a new study is being done about calorie information |
All over Britain there are ruins of castles that reflect their entire past. Over the years, legends have focused on these castles.
Castell Coch
This castle was built in the 1870's. Lfor Bach was once the owner of this castle many decades ago, and it is told that he hid a treasure in the nearby tunnel（地道）. Rumors say that it is guarded by three eagles waiting for Lfor to return to collect his treasure.
Luffness Castle
In the basement(地下室) of this castle is a huge door leading to a room. The family kept this door open at all times, but one day the door was found locked and the key was missing. The whole family was surprised. The door was so big that it could not be broken down. One day the son of the family shone of a torch the door. He discovered that the key was on the inside of the room. To this day the door remains locked from the inside.
Toddington Castle
This castle was built during the 13th century. This castle has a local legend that tells about a witch who was put in prison within the castle and died. It is told that her spirit remains and if you put your ear to the floor at Easter, you can hear her cooking below.
Castell Gwynionydd
A legend rests on this castle that states the devil(魔鬼) was the one who built it. It is said the devil had a problem with some people and had planned on punishing them. On his way, the devil met a cobbler（修鞋匠）.The cobbler pointed out that it was still a reasonable distance until he would reach his destination. The cobbler displayed how many shoes he had worn out. Listening to him, the devil did not think his plan was worth so much effort and gave up his plan.
50．Which of the castles mentioned in the passage is said to be guarded by several birds?
A．Castell Coch. B．Luffness Castle.
C．Toddington Castle. D．Castell Gwynionydd.
51．Which of the following castles is related to the legend about a witch?
A．Castell Coch.
B．Luffness Castle.
C．Toddington Castle.
D．Castell Gwynionydd.
52．We can learn from the passage that .
A．Castell Coch is said to be built by the devil
B．Castell Gwynionydd is a great place to celebrate Easter
C．Luffness Castle was once broken down
D．Toddington Castle dates back to the 13 th century
One warm day when I was walking in my backyard, I saw a pinecone(松球) on the ground. I picked it up, and some seeds fell out of it. Those seeds would be a tasty treat for a squirrel (松鼠).
I realized that pinecones were not always open like this one. Sometimes cones were tightly closed. I decided to find out why.
I gathered pinecones from my backyard. I watched them for over a year. Here’s what I learned.
Pinecones open and close slowly as the weather changes. When it’s cold or wet, cones are tightly closed. This protects the seeds inside from rain and snow.
When the weather becomes warm and dry, pinecones open. On a hot day, you might even hear the sound of cones popping open. The seeds inside may then fall to the ground. The wind may blow the seeds to places where they can grow into new pine trees. A seed has a better chance of taking root and growing when the weather is warm.
“Pine seeds are an important source of food for many animals,” says Monty Maldonado. He is a pinecone expert with the United States Forest Service. He says squirrels depend on pinecone seeds for most of their meals. They spend lots of time gathering and storing the cones. Maldonado says some animals eat only the seeds from a pinecone. But red squirrels and gray squirrels will eat the whole thing.
Small animals aren’t the only creatures that eat pine seeds. Maldonado says big grizzly bears (灰熊) and people eat them, too.
Seeds inside a pinecone are important for the growth of new trees and as food for animals. It is the pinecone’s job to protect them. So take note of the pinecones you see on the ground. They hold treasures inside.
45．According to the passage, when it is rainy, cones .
A．are open B．are usually shut C．grow quickly D．stop growing
46．According to Monty Maldonado, .
A．not all squirrels eat the whole pinecone
B．pine seeds are difficult to find for many animals
C．people in the forest are sometimes attacked by grizzly bears
D．most small animals depend on pinecone seeds for their meals
47．We can learn from the passage that on sunny days .
A．seeds may fall out of the cones
B．squirrels stay still in their nests
C．it’s difficult for a seed to take root
D．the wind will put the pine trees in danger
48．In the last paragraph, the author points out that .
A．more and more new trees need to be planted in future
B．people should be responsible for protecting animals
C．people should be careful not to damage the pinecones
D．squirrels now have few seeds to feed themselves
49．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．The author learned why pinecones are not always open in the forest.
B．The author gathered pinecones and observed them for a month.
C．The author is fond of gathering and storing the cones.
D．Pine trees are precious to animals and people.
第二部分：阅读理解（共25题，第一节每题2分，第二节每题1分）
第一节：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A，B，C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Trouve sat up on its back legs arid growled（吼叫）the words “How are you, Grandmama?” The audience roared with laughter and clapped. Twenty-year-old Aleck gave the dog a morsel（一口）of food. His hard wok paid off. His dog could talk!
Aleck was fascinated with the different sounds of people’s speech. His father taught students who had a speech problem to improve their speech. Aleck paid close attention. Could an animal form sounds into words, too? He decided to experiment with Trouve, the family dog.
The easy part was teaching Trouve to growl whenever Aleck wanted. The little dog growled for a morsel of food.
Next Aleck moved the dog’s “lips’ as it growled. It sounded like “ma ma ma.” Trouve learned quickly to stop the growling just as Aleck’s hand moved away. They practiced and practiced until the dog said “ma ma” perfectly.
Soon Aleck discovered more. If he pushed gently under the dog’s jawbone（下颚骨）, it made the “ga” sound. If he pushed once and moved the dog’s lips twice, he could make the dog say, “ga ma ma”. With even more practice, it sounded like “grandmama.” Whenever Trouve said “grandmam,” Aleck gave the god two treats, so Trouve loved the lessons.
Aleck tried to teach his dog to move its tongue. So that Trouve could say more words. That didn’t work, but Aleck didn’t give up.
After many hours of practice, Trouve could say, “Ow ah oo ga-ma-ma?” This sounded just like “How are you, Grandmama?”
Friends and neighbors traveled to see young Aleck and his amazing talking dog. Rumors spread that the dog could speak by itself, which wasn’t true. No matter how much Aleck tried, the dog was never able to move its lips without help.
Aleck’s full name was Alexander Graham Bell. He wanted to know more about the world all his life. He had many ideas. Some worked; others didn’t. But he kept trying—always learning; One of his inventions was something called the telephone.
41．Which of the following is TRUE of Aleck?
A．His father had an influence on him.
B．He had a talent for giving speeches.
C．He taught Trouve to talk in honor of his grandmother.
D．He carried out many experiments to improve people’s speech.
42．Trouve grew fond of practicing talking because .
A．it liked being together with Aleck B．it was given some food for that
C．it would like to develop its potential D．Aleck treated it like one of the family
43．Which of the following words can best describe Aleck?
A．Humorous. B．Naughty. C．Knowledgeable. D．Curious.
44．What contributes most to Aleck’s success in teaching the dog to talk?
A．His own hard work. B．His neighbor’s help.
C．His father’s encouragement. D．The dog’s smartness.
To Whom It May Concern:
My husband and I got married in 1965 and for the first ten years of our marriage I was very happy to stay home and raise our three children. Then four years ago, our youngest child went to school and I thought I might go back to work.
My husband was very supportive and helped me to make my decision. He emphasized all of the things I can do around the house, and said he thought I could be a great success in business.
After several weeks of job-hunting I found my present job, which is working for a small public relations firm. At first, my husband was very proud of me and would tell his friends , "My clever little wife can run that company she's working for."
But as his joking remark approached reality, my husband stopped talking to me about my job．I have received several promotions and pay increases , and I am now making more money than he is. I can buy my own clothes and a new car. Because of our combined incomes, my husband and I can do many things that we had always dreamed of doing , but we don't do these things because he is very unhappy.
We fight about little things and my husband is very critical of me in front of our friends. For the first time in our marriage, I think there is a possibility that our marriage may come to an end．
I love my husband very much, and I don't want him to feel inferior, but I also love my job．I think I can be a good wife and a working woman, but I don't know how .Can you give me some advice? Will I have to choose one or the other or can I keep both my husband and my new career?
Please help.
"Distressed"The letter was most probable written ________.
| A．in 1975 | B．around 1980 | C．four years ago | D．in 1965 |
Her husband ________ when she first found her present job．
| A．was very critical of her | B．felt disappointed |
| C．was proud of her | D．was happy but critical |
What does the underlined word "promotion" mean?
| A．scolding | B．criticism | C．prize | D．advancement |
As her income increased, ________.
| A．she found a gap emerged between her and her husband |
| B．she bought more clothes and a house |
| C．she did the many things she and her husband dreamed of |
| D．she felt very proud of herself |
During the summer holidays there will be a revised (修改过的) schedule (时刻表) of services for the students. Changes for dining-room and library service hours and for bus schedules will be posted on the wall outside of the dining-hall . Weekly film and concert schedules, which are being arranged(安排)，will be posted each Wednesday outside of the student club.
In the summer holidays, buses going to the town center will leave the main hall every half hour during the day. The dinning-room will serve three meals a day from 7:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m. during the week and two meals from noon to 7:00 p.m. on weekends. The library will continue its usual hours during the week, but have shorter hours on Saturdays and Sundays. The weekend hours are from noon to 5:00 p.m.
All students who want to use the library borrowing services must have a new summer card. This announcement will also appear in the next week’s student newspaper.The main purpose of this announcement is to______.
| A．tell students of important schedule changes |
| B．tell students of new bus and library services |
| C．show the excellent services for students |
| D．ask students to renew their library cards |
At which of the following times will the bus leave the main hall?
| A．8:00, 9:00, 10:00, 11:00 | B．8:30, 9:30, 10:30, 11:30 |
| C．8:30, 9:00, 9:30; 10:00 | D．8:00, 9:30, 11:00, 12:30 |
Times for films and concerts are not listed in this announcement because______.
| A．they are not to be announced | B．they are hard to arrange |
| C．the full list is not ready | D．the full list is too long |
In the summer holidays, the library will have______.
| A．no special hours |
| B．special hours on weekdays |
| C．special hours on weekends |
| D．special hours both on weekdays and weekends |