Even a small reduction in salt in the diet can be a big help to the heart. A new study used a computer model to predict how just three grams less a day would affect heart disease in the United States.
The result：10％ fewer heart attacks. 8％ fewer strokes. 4％ fewer deaths. 11％ fewer new cases of heart disease. And 240 billion dollars in health care savings.
Researchers found it could prevent 10，000 heart attacks and 9。200 deaths every year.
The study is in the New England Journal of Medicine. Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo at the University of California San Francisco was the lead author. She says people would not even notice a difference in taste with three grams， or one-half teaspoon，less salt per day. The team also included researchers at Stanford and Columbia Uni versity.
Each gram of salt contains four hundred milligrams of sodium（钠），which is how foods may list their salt content.
The government says the average American man eats ten grams of salt a day. The American Heart Association advises no more than three grams for healthy people. It says salt in the American diet has increased fifty percent since the nineteen seventies， while blood pressures have also risen. Less salt can mean a lower blood pressure.
New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg is leading an effort called the National Salt Reduction Initiative. The idea is to put pressure on food companies and restaurants. Critics call it government interference.
Mayor Bloomberg has already succeeded in other areas， like requiring fast food places in the city to list calorie information. Now a study by the Seattle Children’s Research Institute shows that the calorie information on the menu can influence what parents order for their children.We can tell from the passage that now heart attacks occur in the US every year.
| A．240，000 | B．900，000 | C．100，000 | D．92，000 |
It can be inferred from the passage that .
| A．all the heart diseases result from eating too much salt |
| B．the American Heart Association suggests less than 3 grams of salt a day for everyone |
| C．Americans ate no more than 5 grams of salt per day in the 1970s |
| D．the less salt one eats， the healthier he will be |
The last paragraph mainly tells us .
| A．Bloomberg has made some other efforts to improve people’s health |
| B．Bloomberg is very successful in his career |
| C．parents must pay great attention to calorie information |
| D．a new study is being done about calorie information |
One day Marilla said, “Anne, your new teacher, Miss Stacy, spoke to me yesterday. She says you must study for the examinations for Queen’s College in two years’ time. Then if you do well, you can study at Queen’s in Charlottetown for a year, and after that you’ll be a teacher!”
“That doesn’t matter, Anne. When Matthew and I adopted you three years ago, we decided to look after you as well as we could. Of course we’ll pay for you to study.”So in the afternoons Anne and some of her friends stayed late at school, and Miss Stacy helped them with the special examination work. Diana didn’t want to go to Queen’s, so she went home early, but Gilbert stayed. He and Anne still never spoke and everybody knew that they were enemies, because they both wanted to be first in the examination. Secretly, Anne was sorry that she and Gilbert weren’t friends, but it was too late now.
For two years, Anne studied hard at school. She enjoyed learning, and Miss Stacy was pleased with her. But she didn’t study all the time. In the evenings and at weekends she visited her friends, or walked through the fields with Diana, or sat talking to Matthew.
“Your Anne is a big girl now. She’s taller than you,” Rachel Lynde told Marilla one day.
“You’re right, Rachel!” said Marilla in surprise.
“And she’s a very good girl now, isn’t she? She doesn’t get into trouble these days. I’m sure she helps you a lot with the housework, Marilla.”
“Yes, I don’t know what I’d do without her,” said Marilla, smiling.
“And look at her! Those beautiful grey eyes, and that red-brown hair! You know, Marilla, I thought you and Matthew made a mistake when you adopted her. But now I see I was wrong. You’ve looked after her very well.”
“Well, thank you, Rachel,” replied Marilla, pleased.
That evening, when Matthew came into the kitchen, he saw that his sister was crying.
“What’s the matter?” he asked, surprised. “You haven’t cried since… well, I can’t remember when.”
“It’s just… well, I was thinking about Anne,” said Marilla. “I’ll…I’ll miss her when she goes away.”
“When she goes to Queen’s, you mean? Yes, but she can come home at weekends, on the train.”
“I’ll still miss her,” said Marilla sadly.”
In June the Avonlea boys and girls had to go to Charlottetown to take their examinations.
“Oh, I do hope that I’ve done well,” Anne told Diana when she arrived back at Green Gables. “The examinations were very difficult. And I’ve got to wait for three weeks before I know! Three weeks! I’ll die!”
Anne wanted to do better than Gilbert. But she also wanted to do well for Matthew and Marilla. That was very important to her.
Diana was the first to hear the news, she ran into the kitchen at Green Gables and shouted, “Look, Anne! It’s in Father’s newspaper! You’re first… with Gilbert… out of all the students on the island! Oh, how wonderful!” Anne took the paper with shaking hands, and saw her name, at the top of the list of two hundred. She could not speak.
“Well, now, I knew it,” said Matthew with a warm smile.
“You’ve done well, I must say, Anne,” said Marilla, who was secretly very pleased.
For the next three weeks Anne and Marilla were very busy. Anne needs new dresses to take to Charlottetown.Which of the following statements is true?
| A．To be a teacher was one of Annes’ dreams. |
| B．Both Anne and Diana studied hard for the special examination. |
| C．Matthew and Marilla were Anne’s parents. |
| D．Anne was adopted by Matthew and Marilla. |
Why are Anne and Gilbert enemies? Because _____________.
| A．they were competitors in school | B．they didn’t like each other |
| C．it wasn’t mentioned in the passage | D．their parents were enemies |
The paragraph “Oh Marilla! I’d love to be a teacher! But won’t it be very expensive?” should be put between___________.
| A．paragraph ③ and ④ | B．paragraph ⑦ and ⑧ |
| C．paragraph ① and ② | D．paragraph ⑨ and ⑩ |
What will be written in the following paragraph?
| A．Anne’s summer holiday. |
| B．What will Anne talk about her college life with Diana |
| C．How will Miss Stacy help Anne study. |
| D．What will Anne do before attending college. |
From the passage, we can learn that _____________.
| A．Miss Stay liked Anne very much |
| B．when Anne became a teacher, she would have lived in the family for six years |
| C．Marilla cried because Anne would leave for ever |
| D．Rachel was a teacher of Anne’s |
“China is expected to complete its first exploration (探索) of the moon in 2010 and will found a moon base just as we did on the North and South Poles,” Ouyang Ziyuan, head of China's moon exploration program, promised during national science and technology week.
After its first man in space, China plans a space laboratory, a lunar orbiter to look for valuable elements and minerals, robot landings on the moon and then the human touchdown.
The price of space exploration is enormous. Russia and the US, the only two countries to have achieved manned flight, are struggling to keep their new investment, the international space station.
But China, which has a long tradition in physics, mathematics and engineering, finds its doctoral graduates welcomed in the US and Europe for decades. And it has been able to learn from 40 years of pioneering successes and mistakes by the USSR and the USA.
Space flight is a gamble and the stakes (赌注) are high. If successful, China could become a member of the world's most exclusive club, set up a second home on the moon and get a powerful hand at the strategic bargaining table.
Two designers from the Shenzhou III project said that 12 astronauts now are undergoing intensive training. One more unmanned space flight is planned before the first manned launch.
Experts say that the Shenzhou spacecraft already provides China with a space vehicle capable of mounting（发起）a lunar program. Chinese scientists have also predicted that Mars will be the next target after the moon.According to Ouyang Ziyuan ________.
| A．China has founded a base on the moon |
| B．China has founded one base on the North and South Poles |
| C．China will set up a base on the moon in 2010 |
| D．China has already finished founding a moon base |
The underlined word “touchdown” in the second paragraph means “________”.
| A．landing | B．relation | C．connection | D．behaviour |
Which one of the following is NOT right according to this passage?
| A．A second home is going to be built on the moon in 2010. |
| B．China's first man has landed the moon in space. |
| C．People from only two countries have been to the moon till now. |
| D．Twelve Chinese astronauts are being trained for the manned flight to the moon. |
We think that the Chinese astronaut will succeed in landing the moon in 2010 because ________.
| A．China will ask for help from the USSR and the USA |
| B．two countries have set up a space station on the moon |
| C．China has a large population in the world |
| D．China has its tradition technology and advanced scientists |
We can infer from this passage that.
| A．China’s robot landing in the moon has been successful |
| B．the USSR and the USA don’t allow Chinese people to land on the moon |
| C．Chinese scientists show great interest in exploring Mars now |
| D．it is impossible for the Chinese people to land on the moon |
The Antarctic Icecap is the largest supply of fresh water，representing nearly 2％of the world’s total of fresh and salt water. As can be seen from the table below, the amount of water in our atmosphere is over 10 times as much as the water in all the rivers taken together. The fresh water actually available for human use in lakes and rivers and the accessible ground water amount to only about one-third of 1％of the world’s total water supply.
| Surface area(sq mi) |
Volume(cu mi) |
Percentage of total |
||
| Salt water |
||||
| The oceans |
139,500,000 |
317,000,000 |
97.2％ |
|
| Inland seas and saline lakes |
270,000 |
25,000 |
0.008 |
|
| Fresh water |
||||
| Freshwater lakes |
330,000 |
30,000 |
0.009 |
|
| All rivers(average level) |
－ |
300 |
0.0001 |
|
| Antarctic Icecap |
6,000,000 |
6,300,000 |
1.9 |
|
| Arctic Icecap and glaciers |
900,000 |
680,000 |
0. 21 |
|
| Water in the atmosphere |
197,000,000 |
3,100 |
0. 001 |
|
| Ground water within half a mile from surface a mile from surface |
－ |
1,000,000 |
0. 31 |
|
| Deep-lying ground water |
－ |
1,000,000 |
0. 31 |
|
| Total (rounded) |
－ |
326,000,000 |
100.00 |
|
What’s the best title of this passage?
| A．Fresh Water in the World | B．Water Supply of the World |
| C．Salt Water of the Earth | D．Protection of the Water in the World |
It can be seen from the table______.
| A．humans will have to use sea water in the future |
| B．there is enough fresh water for man to use |
| C．Water in the atmosphere is the least |
| D．the sea water takes up 98％of the water on earth |
The fresh water that humans can use is _________.
| A．about 1,086,700 cu mi | B．about 6,300,000 cu mi |
| C．about 680,000 cu mi | D．about 2,000,000 cu mi |
Where does the majority of fresh water exists?
| A．In Arctic Icecap and glaciers. | B．In Deep ground. |
| C．In the Antarctic Icecap. | D．In the atmosphere. |
What are the two places where equal amount of fresh water is stored?
| A．Freshwater lakes and all rivers(average level) |
| B．Antarctic Icecap and water in the atmosphere |
| C．Ground water within half a mile from surface and Deep-lying ground water. |
| D．Deep-lying ground water and Arctic Icecap and glaciers |
Believing overweight among school children is the result of bake sales, the Education Department of New York declared that bake sales will be banned all through the states, as a part of their new “wellness”policy.
The ban gives a harder time to schools tying to earn money，because of budget difficulties. Bake sales have proven to be highly profitable toward schools with young people because the start-up costs are very small. Allie，a Roslyn High School freshman , agrees that bake sales are needed for school supplies.“l think it’s wrong for schools to ban bake sales because a lot of schools need the money to be raised. Our school could really use the money for new uniforms.”Allie also commented on the bake sales apparent cause of child overweight. “I feel that it is the student’s choice to eat the baked goods. lf they want it, let them have it．”Jessica，another Roslyn High School freshman, had a different opinion.“I feel that children can not always stay away from items such as cupcakes. It might be better if the amount of bake sales were limited, and only allowed students to buy one item.”
New York Education advisors are having trouble coming up with substitute product for students to sell. A plan of advertising healthier foods has come into play. However the department needs to consider if students will go for items like vegetables. Allie and Jessica don’t think so.“Students might not like the healthier foods. This way, the schools are gaining less money.”Allie shares. Another plan to think about is the idea of not selling food products altogether. Alternate programs are being conducted throughout New York schools，such as walk-a-thons, as a healthy way for students to earn money for their schools．The new “wellness”policy is declared in order to_______．
| A．help schools out of budget difficulties |
| B．reduce child overweight caused by bake food |
| C．help students save money spent on food |
| D．reduce the price of bake food sold in schools |
Which of the following statement about Allie is true?
| A．He is rich in experience about the bake sales at schoo1. |
| B．He agrees to carry out the bake sales ban at schools. |
| C．He attaches great importance to the school's income. |
| D．He attaches too much importance to students' health. |
According to Jessica, the cupcakes____________
| A．Don't belong to the bake sales | B．Should't be banned at school |
| C．Mustn't be sold at schools | D．can be fully replaced by vegetables |
Which is both healthy and profitable way for schools to earn money?
| A．The bake sales. | B．The vegetables sales |
| C．The walk-a-thons. | D．The food product sales． |
We can infer from the passage that schools in New York always______.
| A．sell baked food to students | B．free students to choose food |
| C．find ways to earn money | D．offer chances to earn money |
I remember my first Christmas party with Grandma．I remember the day when my big sister dropped the bomb: “There is no SantaClaus,” she laughed．“Even dummies know that!”
I fled to Grandma because I knew she always told me 21 ．After I told her everything, she said “No Santa Claus? Don’t believe it. Now, 22 your coat, and let’s go.”
“Go? Go where?” I asked．
“Where” 23 to be the General Store．As we walked through its doors, Grandma 24 me ten dollars．That was a lot in those days．“Take this money and buy something for 25 needs it．I’ll wait for you in the car．”
The store seemed big and 26 , full of people hurrying to finish their Christmas shopping．For a few moments I just stood there, 27 , holding that bill, wondering what to buy, and who on earth to buy it for．
Suddenly I thought of Bobbie who sat right behind me．I remembered he didn’t have a coat．I fingered the bill with growing 28 ．I would buy Bobbie a coat．
“Is this a Christmas present for someone?” the lady behind the 29 asked me kindly, as I laid my ten dollars down
“Yes,” I replied shyly．“It’s…for Bobbie.”
The nice lady smiled at me．I didn’t get any 30 , but she put the coat in a bag and wished me a Merry Christmas．
That evening, Grandma helped me 31 the coat and wrote, “To Bobby, From Santa Claus” on it．Then she 32 me over to Bobbie’s house．
Grandma parked down the street from Bobbie’s house, and she and I crept 33 and hid in the 34 ．Then Grandma gave me a sign．“All right, Santa Claus, get going．”
I took a deep 35 , dashed for his front door, threw the present down, pounded his doorbell and flew back to the safety．Together we 36 breathlessly in the darkness for the front door to open．Finally it 37 , and there stood Bobbie．
Forty years haven’t dimmed the thrill of those 38 spent shivering, beside my grandma, in Bobbie’s bushes． 39 , I realized: Santa was alive and well, and we were 40 his team．
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|