Although English is not as old as Chinese , it is spoken by many people around the world every day. English speakers are always creating new words and we are often able to know where most words come from.
Sometimes, however, no one may really know where a word comes from. Did you ever think about why hamburgers are called hamburgers, especially when they are not made with ham? About a hundred years ago, some men went to America from Europe. They came from a big city in Germany called Hamburg. They didn’t speak good English, but they ate good food. When some Americans saw them eating round piece of beef, they asked the Germans what it was. The Germans didn’t understand the question and answered, “We come from Hamburg.” One of these Americans owned a restaurant, and had an idea. He cooked some round piece of bread and started selling them. Such bread came to be called “hamburgers”. Today, “hamburgers” are sold in many countries around the world.
Whether this story is true or not, it certainly is interesting. Knowing why any word has a certain meaning is interesting, too. This reason, for most English words, can be found in any large English dictionary.Hamburg is ____________
| A．a kind of food | B．a round piece of beef |
| C．the name of a village | D．a city in Germany |
According to the passage, ___________.
| A．few Americans like hamburgers |
| B．hamburgers are made with beef |
| C．hamburgers are made with ham |
| D．hamburgers were first sold about a century ago |
According to the writer, which of the following can often be found in any large English dictionary?
| A．Where all the new words come from. |
| B．Where those Germans came from. |
| C．The reason why a word has a certain meaning. |
| D．The reason why English is spoken around the world. |
From the story, we can know that the word “hamburger” comes from ___________.
| A．China because it has a long history |
| B．English because Germans don’t speak good English |
| C．The round piece of beef which those people from Hamburg were eating |
| D．English speakers because they always create new words |
第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
GENEVA--- The use of stimulants (兴奋剂) or drugs is increasing and something must be done about it, the WHO (World Health Organization) said on Friday.
In the 1970s the international focus was on heroin. In the 1980s and the 1990s the focus was on cocaine. Now in the 21st century we are becoming frightened by the rapid increase in amphetamine--type stimulants, not only in the rich countries of the world but the whole world,” said the official of the WHO.
Amphetamines are often used by the workers, such as long-distance truck drivers, to increase endurance(耐久力) or delay sleep, the official said.
About 3 percent of the population of the world use amphetamine, experts said. In Britain, among young people between the ages of 16 and 19, fourteen percent of them have used amphetamine.
In Korea, Japan, Denmark, the Philippines and Australia , amphetamine are more widely used than heroin or cocaine, a reporter said. The problem is also widespread in the United States, Western and Eastern Europe.
56. How many kinds of drugs are mentioned in this passage ?
A. Four B. Three C. One D. Not clear
57. Why does the use of amphetamine-- type stimulants frighten us?
A. Because the use of it is rapidly increased in the whole world.
B. Because many teenagers in Britain have used it.
C. Because it is dangerous if drivers use it.
D. Because people nowadays don’t use heroin or cocaine but amphetamines.
58. What is the purpose of writing this article?
A. To introduce the problem of using amphetamine in America and Europe.
B. To explain why there are so many people in the world using amphetamine.
C. To tell the history of the use of amphetamine.
D. To pay much attention to the increasing problem of using drugs.
China may be the world's most populous country ,and it won the most gold medals at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. But its prowess at soccer is lamentable. China is ranked 84th in the sport's world standing.
Chinese are huge soccer fans, and hundreds of millions are expected to tune in to the World Cup, with all the matches broadcast live on public TV. But this time the Chinese don't have their own team to root for.
"Chinese have a reputation of being good at math, but they have trouble explaining why a population of 1.3 billion cannot produce a winning 11-member soccer team," said Xu Guoqi, a history professor at the University of Hong Kong. Journalists and soccer fans offer a number of reasons, most often money issues, politics, corruption（腐败）and culture, and sometimes a combination of the four.
Even though China now boasts wealthy companies and individuals who could sponsor（赞助） teams, there is little support as long as Chinese teams are perceived as perennial losers. "This is a very bad circle," Ma said. "No results, no money. No money, no results."
Few Chinese children are playing soccer. Some sports journalists and fans attribute the lack of interest partly to schools de-emphasizing sports in general and the lack of playing venues in the country's dense urban areas. "What can Chinese kids do?” said Fan Huiming, 61, a Chinese soccer fan who grew up watching matches at Beijing's Workers' Stadium, which was built in 1958 near his childhood home. "If they play soccer, the ball may fly directly into the glass of someone's home."
For young people, soccer has largely been eclipsed by basketball, thanks in part to Chinese NBA players who are treated like rock stars. Journalists and fans say NBA's aggressive campaign of marketing and merchandise in China has helped swell the popularity of basketball. By comparison, they noted that international soccer does not even have an office in China.
Rowan Simons, a Briton who came to China more than two decades ago and discovered he wasn't able to play weekend soccer, has been on a campaign to popularize the sport here. Simons said the main problem is that soccer elsewhere has traditionally started as a series of neighborhood clubs, but in China, "there's virtually no football at community level".
"Football in China can only succeed if it's a grass-roots activity organized by the people," he said. This time the Chinese don't have their own team to root for in the World Cup because__________.
| A．China is ranked 84th in soccer 's world standing. |
| B．they are angry about why China cannot produce a winning soccer team. |
| C．the Chinese huge soccer fans support other soccer teams. |
| D．the Chinese soccer team is not capable to go as far as the final part of the World Cup. |
Why are few Chinese children playing soccer?
A.No results, no money. No money, no results.
B.If the footballs fly directly into the glass of someone's home,they’ll be criticised.
C there is little support from wealthy companies and individuals sponsoring teams.
D.schools don’t pay much attention on sports and they lack playing venues in dense urban areas.The underlined word“eclipsed”in the six paragraph can be replaced by .
| A．occupied. | B．beaten. | C．led. | D．compared. |
According to Rowan,what can be inferred ?
| A．NBA players are more popular than soccer players in China. |
| B．The future of Chinese football is rather promising. |
| C．Chinese football should get into the life of ordinary people to survive. |
| D．Grass-roots Chinese football players can be popular . |
The idea for a science experiment can come from an unusual place. After watching a YouTube video of a dancing bird named Snowball, a scientist in Californina decided to study the ability of animals to keep the beat.
Bird lovers have long claimed that their pets have rhyhm, and there are many videos of dancing birds online. Until now, scientists have suspected that humans are the only animals that can accurately keep rhythm with music.
Thanks to Snowball, that scientific opinion is changing. Snowball is a cockatoo, a kind of parrot, and his favorite song is “Everybody” by the Backstreet Boys. When he hears the song, he moves his feet and rocks his body with the tempo, or pace of the music, as though he is the only bird member of the boy band.
Aniruddh Patel is a neuroscientist, or a scientist who studies how the brain and the nervous system contribute to learning, seeing and other mental abilities. He works at the Neurosciences Instiute in San Diego. After seeing Snowbaill’s dance online, Patel visited the cockatoo at the bird rescue facility he’s called home for two years. The scientist played “Everybody” for Snowball and also played versions of the song that were sped up or slowed down. Sometimes, Snowball danced too fast or too slowly. Often, when there was a change in tempo, Snowball adjusted his dancing to match the rhythm. In other experiments, scientists have observed the same abilities in preschool children.
Patel isn’t the only scientist who has studied Snowball’s moves. Adena Schachner, who studies psychology at Harvard University, also wanted to know more about the dancing bird. Schachner’s team played different musical pieces for Snowball and a parrot named Alex, as well as eight human volunteers. The scientists observed that the birds and the humans kept time to the music with about the same accuracy.
Schachner and her team watched thousands of YouTube videos of different animals moving to music. Not all the animals could dance, however. From watching the videos, the scientists observed that only animals that imitate sounds, including 14 parrot species and Asian elephants, accurately moved in time to music.The underlined words “that scientific opinion” in the third paragraph refers to the theory that .
| A．birds like Snowball have the ability to keep the beat |
| B．humans are the only animals that can accurately keep rhythm with music |
| C．the brain and the nervous system contribute to some mental abilities |
| D．bird pets can have their special rhythm under human’s instruction |
From the fourth paragraph we may know that.
| A．Patel is the only scientist who has studied Snowball’s moves. |
| B．Snowball is able to adjust his dandcing to match the rhythm. |
| C．Snowball cannot dance to the versions of the song Everybody. |
| D．it is the brain and the nervous system that control the mental abilities. |
The idea of studying animals’ ability to keep the beat comes from .
| A．bird lovers’ discovery | B．humans musical sense |
| C．the same abilities in children | D．videos of dancing birds |
According to the scientists, Snowball’s ability to dance to music is probably related to the fact that .
| A．it is the only bird member of thd Backstreet Boys band |
| B．it has the ability to imitate sounds |
| C．it is a kind of dancing parrot |
| D．it has the same abilities as preschool children |
Despite all the reports of Internet security attacks over the years, including the recent ones on Google’s e-mail service, many people have reacted to the break-ins with a shrug (耸肩).
Mr. Shulman and his company examined a list of 32 million passwords that an unknown hacker（黑客） stole last month from Rock You, a company that makes software for users of social networking sites like Facebook and MySpace. The list was briefly posted on the Web, and hackers and security researchers downloaded it.
The list provided an unusually detailed window into computer users’ password habits. Typically, only government agencies like the F.B.I. or the National Security Agency have had access to such a large password list.
Some Web sites try to keep back the attackers by freezing an account for a certain period of time if too many incorrect passwords are typed. But experts say that the hackers simply learn to trick the system, by making guesses at an acceptable rate, for instance.
To improve security, some Wed sites are forcing users to mix letters,numbers even symbols in their passwords. Others, like Twitter, prevent people from picking common passwords.
Still, researchers say, social networking and entertainment Web sites often try to make life simpler for their users and are unwilling to put too many controls in place.
Even commercial sites like eBay must weigh the consequences of freezing accounts, since a hacker could, say, try to win an auction（拍卖） by freezing the accounts of other potential buyers.
But owing to the reality of our overcrowded brains, the experts suggest that everyone choose at least two different passwords— a complex one for Web sites where security is vital, such as banks and e-mail, and a simpler one for less risky places, such as social networking and entertainment sites.
Mr. Moss relies on passwords at least 12 characters long, figuring that those make him a more difficult target than the millions of people who choose five-and six-character passwords.
“It’s like the joke where the hikers run into a bear in the forest, and the hiker that survives is the one who outruns his companions,” Mr. Moss said. “You just want to run that bit faster.”The underlined sentence “Many people have reacted to the break-ins with a shrug” shows that many people .
| A．don’t take seriously the hacker’s break-ins |
| B．are worried and frightened at the hacker’s break-ins |
| C．don’t know what to do with the hacker’s attacks |
| D．are eager to get helps from the experts |
According to the passage, which of the following web sites needs a more complex password?
| A．A social web site. | B．An entertainment web site. |
| C．A commercial web site. | D．A game web site. |
The Internet users are advised to in order to keep back the hackers.
| A．mix letters, numbers and symbols as well |
| B．choose passwords with at least 12 characters |
| C．choose passwords with 5 or 6 characters |
| D．choose at least two different passwords |
Which would be the best title for the passage?
| A．Password, good luck or risk! | B．Popular Passwords, High Risk! |
| C．Clever Hackers, Stupid Netizens. | D．Hacker,the Enemy of Internet Security. |
I shall never forget the night, a few years ago, when Marion J. Douglas was a student in one of my calsses. (I have not used his real name for personal reasons. As he requested.) But here is his real story as he told it before one of our adult – education classes. He told us how tragedy had struck at his home, not once, but twice. The first time he had lost his five-old daughter, a child he adored. He and his wife thought they couldn’t bear that first loss; but, as he said:“Ten months later, God gave us another little girl and she died in five days.”
This double bereavement was almost too much to bear. “I couldn’t take it,” this father told us. “I couldn’t sleep, I couldn’t eat, I couldn’t rest or relax. My nerves were entirely shaken and my confidence gone.” At last he went to doctors; one recommended sleeping pills and another recommended a trip. He tried both, but neither helped. He said:“My body felt as if it was surrounded in a vice(大钳子), and the jaws of the vice were being drawn tighter and tighter.” The tension of grief(悲伤)——if you have ever been paralyzed(使瘫痪)by sorrow, you know what he meant.
But thank God, I had one child left ——a four —year— old son. He gave me the solution to my problem. One afternoon as I sat around feeling sorry for myself, he asked; ‘Daddy, will you build a boat for me?’ I was in no mood to build a boat; in fact, I was in no mood to do anything. But my son is a persistent little fellow! I had to give in.
Building that toy boat took me about three hours. By the time it was finished, I realized that those three hours spent building that boat were first hours of mental relaxation and peace that I had had in months! I realized that it is difficult to worry while you are busy doing something that requires planning and thinking. In my case, building the boat had knocked worry out of the ring. So I determined to keep busy.
The following night, I went from room to room in the house, making a list of jobs that ought to be done. Scores of items needed to be repaired: bookcase, stair steps, storm windows, window-shades, locks, leaky taps. Amazing as it seems, in the course of two weeks I had made a list of 242 items that needed attention.
“During the last two years I have completed most of them. I am busy now that I have no time for worry.”
No time for worry! That is exactly what Winston Churchill said when he was working eighteen hours a day at the height of the war. When he was asked if he worried about his huge responsibilities, he said :“I am too busy. I have no time for worry.”The underlined word “bereavement” in the second paragraph refers to .
| A．having lost a loved one | B．having lost a valuable article |
| C．having lost a profit-making business | D．having lost a well-paid job |
Marion felt his body as if it was caught in a vice because.
| A．he couldn’t earn enough money to support his family |
| B．he was suffering from sleeplessness disease |
| C．he couldn’t get out of mental pressure |
| D．he felt tired of adult-education classes |
Marion made a list of over 200 items that needed to be repaired because .
| A．he hadn’t been able to spare time to mend them |
| B．he wanted to kill his free time by repairing them |
| C．the items had actually been broken and needed attention |
| D．repairing the items helped crowd worry out of his mind |
At the end of the passage, the author wrote about Winston Churchill in order to .
| A．prove that he followed Churchill’s example |
| B．support his student’s solution to his problem |
| C．show that he was successful in his career |
| D．clarify how his conclusion was reached |