Televisiozn —— that most widespread and persuasive of modern technologies, marked by rapid change and growth —— is moving into a new era, an era of extraordinary advancement and diversity, which promises to reshape our lives and our world. It is an electronic revolution, made possible by the marriage of television and computer technologies.
The word ‘television’, coming from its Greek ( tele: distant) and Latin ( vision: sight) roots, can literally be interpreted as sight from a distance. Very simply put, it works in this way: through an advanced system of electronics, television provides the capability of changing an image ( focused on a special photoconductive plate within a camera ) into electronic impulses, which can be sent through a wire or cable. These impulses, when fed into a receiver (television set), can then be electronically reorganized into that same image.
Television is more than just an electronics system, however. It is a means of expression, as well as a tool for communication, and as such becomes a powerful tool for reaching other human beings. The field of television can be divided into two categories determined by its means of transmission(播送，中转). First, there is broadcast television, which reaches the masses through airwave transmission of television signals. Second, there is nonbroadcast television, which provides for the needs of individuals or specific interest groups through controlled transmission techniques.
Traditionally, television has been a medium of the masses. We are most familiar with broadcast television because it has been with us for about thirty-seven years in a form similar to that exists today. During those years, it has been controlled, for the most part, by the broadcast networks, ABC, NBC, and CBS, who have been the major providers of news, information, and entertainment. These giants of broadcasting have actually shaped not only television but our understanding of it as well. We have come to look upon the picture tube as a source of entertainment, placing our role in this dynamic medium as the passive viewer. What seems to be the best title for the passage?
| A．A Powerful Tool of Entertainment. | B．The Means of Transmission of TV. |
| C．TV: Its Working Rules and Functions. | D．A Brief Introduction to the Development of TV. |
The rapid change and growth of TV is due to the contributions of ____ .
| A．computer technologies | B．a new means of transmission |
| C．a powerful vehicle of communication | D．TV giants like ABC, NBC and CBS |
The use of the second means of transmission is to meet the requirements of ____.
| A．the people especially interested in nonbroadcast program. |
| B．certain groups of people. |
| C．the people with a special interest in cable TV. |
| D．the people interested in controlled transmission techniques. |
The underlined “very simply put” in Paragraph 2 means ____.
| A．when it is simply put down | B．when it is put to simple tasks |
| C．if it is put to simple uses | D．if it is expressed in a simply way |
On a Friday night, a poor young artist stood at the gate of the New York railway station, playing his violin. The music was so great that many people stopped to put some money into the hat of the young man.
The next day, the young artist came to the same place, and put his hat on the ground gracefully. Different from the day before, he took out a large piece of paper and laid it under his hat. Then he began to play the violin. It sounded more pleasant than ever.
Soon he was surrounded with people who were attracted by the words on that paper. It said, “Last night, a gentleman named George Sang put an important thing into my hat by mistake. Please come to claim(认领) it soon.”
After about half an hour, a middle-aged man rushed through the crowd to the violinist and said, “Yes, it’s you. I knew that you were an honest man and would certainly come here.” The young violinist asked calmly, “Are you Mr. George Sang?” The man nodded. The violinist asked, “Did you lose something?” “It’s a lottery ticket,” said the man. The violinist took out a lottery ticket on which George Sang’s name was seen. “Is it?” he asked. George nodded and took the lottery ticket and kissed it, then danced with the violinist.
The violinist was a student at an arts college and had planned to attend advanced studies in Vienna. Later his classmate asked the violinist, “At that time you needed money to pay the tuition(学费) and you had to play the violin in the railway station every day to make money. Why didn’t you keep the lottery ticket for yourself?” The violinist said, “Although I don’t have much money, I live happily. But if I lose honesty I won’t be happy forever.”
Through our lives, we can gain a lot and lose so much. But being honest should always be with us. What did the young artist do at the railway station on Friday?
| A．He played the violin to make some money. |
| B．He waited for the train to Vienna. |
| C．He came to buy a train ticket to Vienna. |
| D．He walked around the New York railway station. |
According to the words on the paper, which sentence below is TRUE?
| A．It asked a gentleman named George Sang to claim his hat. |
| B．It asked a gentleman named George Sang to claim his important thing. |
| C．It was a lottery ticket and he needed to find the owner. |
| D．It was a lottery ticket and the owner is unknown. |
From this article, we can learn that ________.
| A．we should share with others if we find something valuable |
| B．playing the violin could make you feel happy |
| C．keep the lottery if you find one |
| D．we should know the importance of honesty and lead a happy life |
In the early part of the twentieth century, racism was widespread in the United States. Many African Americans were not given equal opportunities in education or employment. Marian Anderson (1897-1993) was an African American woman who gained fame as a concert singer in this climate of racism. She was born in Philadelphia and sang in church choirs during her childhood. When she applied for admission to a
local music school in 1917, she was turned down because she was black. Unable to attend music school, she began her career as a singer for church gatherings. In 1929, she went to Europe to study voice and spent several years performing there. Her voice was widely praised throughout Europe. Then she returned to the US in 1935 and became a top concert singer after performing at Town Hall in New York City.
Racism again affected Anderson in 1939. When it was arranged for her to sing at Constitution Hall in Washington, DC, the Daughters of the American Revolution opposed it because of her color. She sang instead at the Lincoln Memorial for over 75 000 people. In 1955, Anderson became the first black soloist to sing win the Metropolitan Opera of New York City. The famous conductor Toscanini praised her voice as “heard only once in a hundred years”. She was a US delegate to the United Nations in 1958 and won the UN peace prize in 1977. Anderson eventually triumphed over racism.According to this passage, what did Marian Anderson do between 1917 and 1929?
| A．She studied at a music school. |
| B．She sang for religious activities. |
| C．She sang at Town Hall in New York. |
| D．She studied voice in Europe. |
Toscanini thought that Marian Anderson .
| A．had a very rare voice |
| B．sang occasionally in public |
| C．sang only once in many years |
| D．was seldom heard by people |
Anderson’s beautiful voice was first recognized .
A．at the Lincoln Memorial
B．in Washington, DC.
C．in Europe
D．at the United NationsThis passage shows that Anderson finally defeated racism in the US by .
| A．protesting to the government |
| B．appealing to the United Nations |
| C．demonstrating in the streets |
| D．working hard to perfect her art |
London Summer School in Classics
Dates
The London Summer School in Classics 2008 will be held at King’s College London. It will run from 8th July until 17th July. Applications close on 2nd June, 2008.
For an application form, please download either the 2-page PDF or the word format document from the foot of the page.
If you have any problems downloading the application form or any questions, please contact: London Summer School in Classics, King’s College London.
Tel: 020 7848 2299
Fax: 020 7848 2545
Organization
The school is organized by the colleges of the University of London. The summer school offers eight days of intensive teaching in Greek and Latin. There are four language classes each day as well as lectures and a debate, between 10:30 am and 4:30 pm. The course is not residential (提供住宿的), and there is no teaching during the weekend of 12th to 13th July.
The fee is £85.00. Travel grants (旅行补助金) are available as a contribution to your travel costs, but may not cover all your expenses. The travel grants are arranged during the summer school.
Teaching is generally in groups of 12-15 people and it, as far as possible, comprises (包含) of students of roughly the same level of experience. The style of teaching is friendly, but demanding: a lot of work is expected from students during the school, but they usually find the whole experience both stimulating and valuable. Some classes concentrate chiefly on reading, while others offer a mixture of grammar and translation practice. Our tutors include some of the most experienced and talented teachers of Classics in the London area and beyond.
The Summer School in Classics caters for a wide range of interests and for both school & university students as well as those who wish to learn Greek or Latin, or to revive their knowledge of the languages. Our principal concern is to provide a thorough program of language learning in a lively university environment.To join in the school, you have to apply before ________.
| A．8th July, 2008 | B．2nd June, 2008 | C．17th July, 2008 | D．13th July, 2008 |
As a student of the school, you are probably asked to _______.
| A．do a lot of reading in Greek and Latin |
| B．learn the grammar of Greek and Latin only |
| C．do some translation work only |
| D．speak Greek and Latin with experienced teachers |
What is the London Summer School in Classics most concerned about?
| A．Providing a stimulating experience for students. |
| B．Promoting students to develop a wide range of interests. |
| C．Teaching students languages in a lively environment. |
| D．Improving students’ level of debating in the argument. |
Which is one of the teaching ways of the school?
| A．Student groups consist of the same level students strictly. |
| B．Students needn’t do any work in the class. |
| C．Students learn Greek and Latin by listening to teachers all day. |
| D．Students are generally divided into groups of 12-15. |
Which of the following can we know from the passage?
| A．The fee is £85, including the travel costs. |
| B．Students needn’t go to class on 12th and 13th July. |
| C．People should fill in two application forms. |
| D．People can contact the school by phone or email. |
One day not too long ago the employees of a large company in St .Louis ,Missouri returned from their lunch break and were greeted with a sign on the front door. The sign said: “Yesterday the person who has been hindering(阻止) your growth in this company passed away .
We invite you to join the funeral(葬礼) in the room that has been prepared in the gym .”
At first everyone was sad to hear that one of their colleagues had died, but after a while they started getting curious about who this person might be .The excitement grew as the employees arrives arrived at the gym to pay their last respects .Everyone wondered: “Who is this person who was hindering my progress? Well, at least he’s no longer here!”
One by one the employees got closer to the coffin and when then they looked inside it they suddenly became speechless. They stood over the coffin, shocked and in silence, as if someone had touched the deepest part of their soul. There was a mirror inside the coffin: everyone who looked inside it could see himself. There was also a sign next to the mirror that said : “There is only one who is capable to set limits to your growth: it is YOU.”
You are the only person who can revolutionize your life. You are the only person who can influence your happiness, you realization and your success. You are the only person who can help yourself. Your life does not change when your boss changes, when your friends change, when your parents change, when your partner changes, when your company changes. Your life changes when YOU change, when you go beyond your limiting beliefs, when you realize that you are the only one responsible for your life.Who has ever resisted the employees of the large company in St .Louis ,Missouri?
| A．The boss | B．The leader of their group |
| C．The sign | D．The employees themselves |
Who passed away in the large company?
| A．No one | B．The boss |
| C．One of the employees | D．One of the colleagues |
What’s the best title of this paragraph?
| A．Independent | B．Hard Working | C．Team Work | D．Last Respects |
Head of Research
Salary：￡55.271
We are looking for a Head of Research to manage the CWU Research Department and Information Centre.You would be required to exercise control of all research work of the department and manage a team of three researchers and four support staff.
The person appointed would be expected to carry out research work of a strategic nature across the range of businesses in which the CWU has or seeks membership and to contribute to the strategic thinking and direction of the union as a whole.
You will need：proven line management skills，especially in managing and motivating a team；good research skills，holding a good degree in a related subject or other similar experience；a high level of mathematical and calculating skills；the ability to produce high quality work under pressure；a commitment to any knowledge of the trade union movement and social democratic politics；and knowledge and/or experience of the postal and/or telecommunications industry.
To apply，please request an application pack by emailing hr@cwu.org or by telephoning HR(Human Resources)on 020 8971 7482.When applying，please stay your source.
Closing Date for Applications：4th August
Anticipated interview date：17th August
No agencies pleaseIn which column of a newspaper could we find this advertisement?
| A．Arts. | B．Sales. | C．Jobs. | D．News. |
One of the duties of the person to be appointed is________
| A．taking charge of research work |
| B．seeking membership for the trade union |
| C．managing a team of three or four members |
| D．running a telecommunications company |
If you want to apply for this position，you can do all EXCEPT________.
| A．ask an agency for an application form |
| B．dial 020 8971 7482 for more information |
| C．email hr@cwu.org for an application pack |
| D．send in your application before 4th August |
Which of the following applicants is most likely to be employed?
| A．A school teacher with a master's degree. |
| B．A university graduate majoring in computer science. |
| C．A director from a research centre with a master's degree. |
| D．A clerk from a telecommunications company. |