About ten men in every hundred have the trouble of color blindness in some way. Women are luckier, only about one in two hundred is affected（感染）in this matter. Perhaps, after all ,it is safer to be driven by a woman.
There are different kinds of color blindness. For example, a man cannot see deep red. He may think that red, orange and yellow are all shades (影子) of green. Sometimes a person can’t tell the difference between blue and green. Only a few unlucky men may see everything in shades of green— a strange world indeed.
Color blindness in human beings is a different thing to explain. In only one eye there are millions of very small things called “cones（锥状细胞）” . These help us to see in the bright light and to tell differences between colors. These are also millions of “rods“（杆状细胞），but these are used for seeing when it is nearly dark. They show us shapes but not colors.
Some insects have favorite colors. Mosquitoes(蚊子) like blue but do not like yellow. A red light will not attract insects, but a blue light will. Human beings also have favorite colors. Yet we are lucky. With the help of the cones in our eyes, we can see many beautiful colors by day, and with the help of the rods we can see shapes at night.“Color blindness” means in Chinese.
A. 盲目 B. 无色 C 色盲 D 讨厌颜色 Some people say it’s safer to be driven by women because .
| A．women drive more carefully |
| B．women are better at driving than men |
| C．women can see things more clearly |
| D．there are fewer color — blind women |
With the help of the “cones”, we can .
| A．tell different shapes | B．kill insets |
| C．see in the dark | D．tell orange from yellow |
We can attract and kill mosquitoes by using a light.
| A．red | B．yellow | C．blue | D．green |
Which of the following sentences about color blindness is TRUE?
| A．None of men can see deep red. |
| B．Not all of men have the same problem in recognizing colors. |
| C．None of men can tell the difference between blue and green. |
| D．All of men see everything in shades of green. |
Saying no starts small
'All right then-just one more piece…' Words every girl has said when they are faced with the delicious cheesecake. Of course, many of us know we may eat the whole thing in the end.
It isn't just girls. Most of us find it hard to say 'no' to something attractive, However, scientists now say that willpower is very important to success and a happy life.
Scientists in different countries have been studying the effects of willpower on people's lives for a long time. The results are similar, according to an article on February 7 in the Guardian, a famous British newspaper.
In one experiment, scientists told young children that they could either have a marshmallow(圆形软糖) now, or two marshmallows in 15 minutes. Waiting obviously needed more willpower. Scientists then continued studying the children as they grew up. They wanted to see if some children always had stronger willpower. They also wanted to see how having stronger willpower affected their lives.
Years later, scientists found that the children who had waited for two marshmallows were all healthier, happier and richer adults. Oppositely, the children who had shown weaker willpower at that young age were more likely to be in low-paid jobs, to be overweight, to have social problems.
But there is hope, Roy F Baumeister, an American social psychology(心理学) professor(教授) told the Guardian. Baumeister says we can train our willpower just like we train our muscles. Even a little practice can strengthen our overall self-control if we do it regularly.
You could start by making yourself stand up straight, speaking in complete sentences, or using a computer mouse with the other hand. Scientists have found that people who manage to change little habits often perform much better in laboratory willpower tests.
Like muscles, willpower can 'get tired'. Don't try to do too many things at the same time, or when you don't have enough energy, for example when you are ill. If you already feel tired, you can try to recharge(恢复) your willpower with a good night's sleep and by eating well.The example of a girl eating cheesecake is used to_______.
| A．prove that girls have weak willpower |
| B．introduce the topic of willpower to the readers |
| C．show that cheesecake is especially attractive to girls |
| D．show the connection between willpower and success |
What can we infer from the experiment?
| A．The scientists had already known the results before the experiment. |
| B．It showed that willpower is the most important to success and a happy life. |
| C．The children who chose to wait were more likely to be successful in their lives. |
| D．The children who chose only one marshmallow at first had stronger willpower. |
Which of the following is NOT mentioned about the training of willpower?
| A．You should have a goal every day. |
| B．Good rest and proper diet can help. |
| C．Willpower needs to be exercised regularly. |
| D．Keep willpower from being used too much. |
What is the article mainly about?
| A．How willpower and muscles are similar and how they can be trained. |
| B．How willpower affects people's lives and how it is similar to muscles. |
| C．How willpower is important to success and how we can make it stronger. |
| D．How willpower is connected with success and how they affect each other. |
There is a famous English saying "You are what you eat", and it means what you put in your mouth will become part of you. Many experts（专家） use it to tell people it's important to have a good eating habit. For example, too much sweet food makes a person overweight. To avoid being fat, kids are told to keep off sweet food. However, a team of American scientists have discovered something new about eating sweet food.
"When we say some people 'sweet', we mean they are kind and friendly to us. Perhaps this word can help us learn more about people's feelings and acts." said Brian Meier, a scientist from the study team. "Taste is something we experience every day. What we have done is to find whether we can know someone's character and behavior depending on their taste."
In one of their experiments, college students were asked questions about their character- whether, for example, they were soft-hearted or not. Then they were asked to make a list of their favorite food. According to their answers, the scientists found that the students who liked sweet food were nicer.
In their another experiment, the scientists found that people who preferred sweet food such as cookies and chocolate were more willing to help other people in need, and those who ate non-sweet food such as chips weren't. For example, people with a sweet tooth were more likely to volunteer to clean up their city, visit sick children in the hospital and so on.
The result of the experiments is that people's helpfulness or being nice has something to do with their taste for sweet food. So eating sweet food is a useful way to make people nice and helpful. Next time, try some ice-cream.The underlined word "it" in the sentence "Many experts use it to tell people it's important to have a good eating habit." refers to______.
| A．the sweet food | B．the English saying |
| C．the American team | D．the eating habit |
According to the result of the experiments, sweet food makes people______.
| A．overweight | B．excited | C．relaxed | D．friendly |
The scientists found that the people who preferred______ were less helpful.
| A．chips | B．chocolate | C．ice-cream | D．cookies |
It can be learnt from the passage that______.
| A．scientists asked college students questions about their future |
| B．scientists told college students not to eat sweet food |
| C．people with a sweet tooth are more willing to help others |
| D．people's character has nothing to do with their taste |
Once there was a forest where all the animals lived happily together. One day a family went to spend the day in the forest, and the son left his socks there. After the family left, a bear came by, found the socks, and decided to try them on. They fit so well, and he liked them so much that he wouldn't take them off.
All the animals talked about the bear's new look. Soon, in that forest, there began appearing squirrels in shirts, rabbits in shoes, and even rats (老鼠) wearing hats! The forest doctor shook his head, telling animals, "This can't be good. Animals don't need clothes!" But no one listened to him. They said he was just out of fashion.
However, it wasn't long before the first results of fashion-fever came. Several times the squirrel caught his shirt on trees, stopping him in mid-jump and sending him falling to the ground from a tree. The rat couldn't go into his hole without taking off his hat first. Even the bear, because of his socks, slipped（滑到） from the river rock and almost killed himself.
When the animals came to see the doctor, he gave them all the same advice, "Take off those clothes before one day they're going to kill you." Those who listened to the doctor's advice stopped having accidents. And the animals realized that they didn't need clothes at all. Starting to wear them had been very dangerous, and they had only done it to make others admire them, and to get attention. ______ found the socks and tried them on.
| A．The son | B．The bear | C．The rabbit | D．The rat |
From the story we can know that______.
| A．the family had a good time with the bear |
| B．the animals didn't like the bear's new look |
| C．the forest doctor told the animals not to wear clothes |
| D．the squirrel couldn't go into his hole with his hat on |
The underlined sentence "it wasn't long before the first results of fashion-fever came." probably means that_______.
| A．soon the animals had a fever because of the clothes |
| B．soon the animals enjoyed wearing clothes very much |
| C．soon the animals became healthier in the warm clothes |
| D．soon the animals had lots of accidents because of the clothes |
The story is written to tell us______.
| A．helping others is helping yourself |
| B．we should be careful in the forest |
| C．things that fit yourself are the best |
| D．animals must be looked after well |
This year 2, 300 teenagers from all over the world will spend about ten months in U.S. homes. They will attend U.S. schools, meet U.S. teenagers, and form impressions (印象) of the real American teenagers. American teenagers will go to other countries to learn new languages and have a new understanding of the rest of the world.
Here is a two-way student exchange in action. Fred, nineteen, spent last year in Germany with George's family. In return, George's son, Mike, spent a year in Fred's home in America.
Fred, a lively young man, knew little German when he arrived, but after two months' study, the language began to come to him. School was completely different from what he had expected -much harder. Students rose respectfully (尊敬地) when the teacher entered the room. They took fourteen subjects instead of the six that are usual in the United States. There were almost no outside activities.
Family life, too, was different. The family's word was law, and all activities were around the family rather than the individual. Fred found the food too simple at first. Also, he missed having a car.
"Back home, you pick up some friends in a car and go out and have a good time. In Germany, you walk, but you soon learn to like it."
At the same time, in America, Mike, a friendly German boy, was also forming his idea. "I suppose I should criticize(批评)American schools." He says. "It is far too easy by our level. But I have to say that I like it very much. In Germany we do nothing but study. Here we take part in many outside activities. I think that maybe your schools are better in training for citizens. There ought to be some middle ground between the two."The whole exchange program is mainly to______.
| A．help teenagers in other countries know the real America |
| B．send students in America to travel in Germany |
| C．let students learn something about other countries |
| D．have teenagers learn new languages |
What did Fred and Mike agree on?
| A．American food tasted better than German food. |
| B．German schools were harder than American schools. |
| C．Americans and Germans were both friendly. |
| D．There were more cars on the streets in America. |
What is particular in American schools?
| A．There is some middle ground between the two teaching buildings. |
| B．There are a lot of after-school activities. |
| C．Students usually take 14 subjects in all. |
| D．Students go outside to enjoy themselves in a car. |
What did Mike think after experiencing the American school life?
| A．A better education should include something good from both America and Germany. |
| B．German schools trained students to be better citizens. |
| C．American schools were not as good as German schools. |
| D．The easy life in the American school was more helpful to students. |
Alice, Sonia and Bobby are looking at the employment section (招聘信息) in their local newspaper. They are looking at advertisements for different types of jobs.
"Why don't you apply for the job as a waiter, Bobby?" said Alice.
"Do you think I will have a chance?" Bobby replied.
"Of course you will." said Alice. "You're certainly honest and reliable. Everyone trusts you, and you're never late."
"I think Sonia should apply for the job as a nanny," Bobby said.
"Yes, Sonia," Alice said. "You always work so hard and you love children. You would be perfect!"
"I'd love to do it," Sonia said, "but the advertisement says they want someone who is experienced. I don't have any experience or qualifications. But what about you, Alice?
"Yes, Alice," Bobby said. "Which job would you like"?
"I think I should become a career advisor!" said Alice.What does the underlined word "nanny" mean?
| A．服务员 | B．阿姨 | C．护士 | D．保姆 |
Who is supposed to be a good waiter?
| A．Alice | B．Sonia | C．Bobby | D．Serge. |
Alice was the most active of the three in______.
| A．giving suggestions |
| B．applying for jobs |
| C．making experiences |
| D．looking at the employment advertisements |