Federal regulators Wednesday approved a plan to create a nationwide emergency alert（警报）system using text messages delivered to cell phones.
Text messages have exploded in popularity in recent years，particularly among young people.The wireless industry’s trade association, CTIA，estimates（估计）more than 48 billion text messages are sent each month.
The plan comes from the Warning Alert and Response Network Act，a 2006 federal law that requires improvement to the nation's emergency alert system.The act tasked the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) with coming up with new ways to alert the public about emergencies.
“The ability to deliver accurate and timely warnings.and alerts through cell phones and other mobile services is an important next step in our efforts to help ensure that the American public.has the information they need to take action to protect themselves and their families before, and during,disasters and other emergencies. ”FCC Chairman Kevin Martin said following approval of the plan.
Participation in the alert system by carriers—telecommunications companies is voluntary, but it has received solid support from the wireless industry.
The program would be optional for cell phone users. They also may not be charged for receiving alerts.
There would be three different types of messages，according to the rules.
The first would be a national alert from the president，likely involving a terrorist attack or natural disaster.The second would involve “approaching threats，”which could include natural disasters like hurricanes or storms or even university shootings. The third would be reserved for child abduction（绑架）emergencies,or so-called Amber Alerts.
The service could be in place by 2010. What is the purpose of the approved plan?
| A．To warn people of emergencies via messages. |
| B．To popularize the use of cell phones. |
| C．To estimate the monthly number of messages. |
| D．To promote the wireless industry. |
The improvement to the present system is in the charge of ________.
| A．CTIA | B．the Warning Alert and Response Network |
| C．FCC | D．federal regulators |
The carriers' participation in the system is determined by ________.
| A．the US federal government | B．mobile phone users |
| C．the carriers themselves | D．the law of the United States |
. Which of the following is true of cell phone users?
| A．They must accept the alert service. |
| B．They may enjoy the alert service for free. |
| C．They must send the alerts to others |
| D．They may choose the types of messages |
. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
A，Cell Phone Alerts Protecting Students
B. Cell Phone Alerts by Wireless Industry
C. Cell Phone Alefts of National Disasters
D. Cell Phone Alerts Coming Soon
Beijing plans to build huge free or low-cost parking lots（停车场）beyond the Fourth and Fifth Ring Roads to encourage more car owners to take buses or subways to the downtown area.
The plan is just one of the many measures the city plans to take to reduce its traffic jams. Low or no parking fees would be used as economic leverage（杠杆作用）to reduce growing parking demands from urban areas.
Car owners living in the suburbs（郊区）will be encouraged to park their cars beyond the Fourth and Fifth Ring Roads and take buses or subways to the downtown area. Statistics show that nearly one quarter of the city’s traffic flow is concentrated in the 62-square-kilometre downtown area within the Second Ring Road, which makes up only 12 percent of the city’s total area.
The Beijing Traffic Management Bureau receives between 400 and 500 calls reporting traffic jams every day and more than 90 percent of the roads are filled to capacity during rush hour every morning and evening. Part of the problem is the lack of easy links between bus routes, subways and cars.
According to the communication commission, half of the city’s investment in transportation will go towards public transit（公共交通）construction in the next few years, making a jump from the current only 20 percent. Moreover, Beijing plans to change its layout（布局）by building new city centers, such as at Yizhuang, Tongzhou, Shunyi and Changping, in a bid to reduce the traffic flow to the downtown.
The current layout of Beijing-expanded ring roads around the same center of the Forbidden City, is seen as the root cause of the endless traffic jams. The downtown area is crowded with three business centers and one financial centre, as well as nearly 400 government organs and institutions.
Traffic experts say building more urban centers around Beijing may reduce the number of residents living in the suburbs and traveling long distances to work downtown every day, thus reducing traffic flow.
1. In the coming years, if a man beyond the Fourth Ring Road goes to work in the downtown of Beijing, he is encouraged to ____.
A. take buses or subways B． take a taxi
C. drive the car quickly D． park his car in a place which asks for no fees
2. According to this passage, while more and more people drive to work in rush hour in Beijing, it is likely to ____.
A. save time B． cause traffic jams
C. cause traffic accidents D． reduce air pollution
3. The aim in building new city centers is to ____.
A. make it convenient for people to go shopping B． develop its local resources
C. reduce the traffic flow to the downtown D． solve the problem of more laid-off workers
4. The passage suggests the author ____.
A. is tired of driving to work
B. finds it costs less to take subways than to drive
C. is for the plan to reduce Beijing’s traffic congestion
D. has benefited a lot by driving to the downtown every day
Just be happy. Sounds too simplistic, doesn’t it? But, in reality, we can have much more happiness if we choose to consider things from a positive point of view. Everyone experiences the ups and downs of life, however, we can make a decision to take advantage of the negative or pratice what the old saying says to do：“When life gives you lemons, make lemonade!”
It really boils down to your attitude and you have the ability to work your attitude into any shape you like. Here are some tips:
●Ignore those who tell you life is too difficult to be happy. what do they know?
●When you awaken each morning, be thankful for another day, even if it’s raining.
●Smile at those you meet, even if they don’t return the favor.
● Don’t borrow trouble. Each day has enough of its own.
● Don’t allow trouble to bury you in its gray depth of sorrow.
● Don’t give in to negative thinking.
● Be positive even when others are not.
● Refuse to give up on anything worth having or doing.
● Do something you enjoy each day, even if it’s just a walk in your neighborhood.
● Whistle as you go though the day.
● Work at being happy because it’s worth it.
You’re human, like everyone else, and from time to time you need a little pick-me-up in your decision to be happy. When you reach that stage, find someone else who has decided to be happy. Join forces with him and march forward in your decision to be a happy person. Simply speaking, a happy person is not a person in a certain set of circumstances but rather a person with a certain set of attitudes.
Choose today to just be happy----as much as it depends on you!
1．The amount of happiness depends on__________.
A．the ups and downs you’ve experienced B．what attitude you take towards life
C.how simple a life you manage to live D．the kind of environment you stay in
2．The underlined sentence advises us to_______
A．work hard for a comfortable life B．drink lemonade when in difficulty
C.make the best of what we have D．ignore the negative side of life
3．Which of the following doesn’t help maintain your good state of mind?
A．Think in advance about future troubles. B．Greet others with a cheerful smile.
C.Stay positive all the way through.D．Try to enjoy every single moment.
4．The best title for the passage might be “_________ ”.
A．Don’t lose heart B．Share your happiness
C.Live a simple life D．Let’s cheer ourselves up
第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题，每题2分，满分40分）
I was helping in my son’s classroom when I spotted a poster that reads, “Sticks and stones may break my bones but words can break my heart”. I started thinking.
Teachers are such an important part of a child’s life. A teacher’s support determines how safe a child feels in school. His inspiration determines how much risk a child will take in the classroom, his understanding determines how important a child feels in school and his love determines a child’s motivating and attitude toward education. And the effect a teacher has on a child doesn’t end when the school bell rings at the end of the day. Rather, those feelings developed in the classroom go home with the child and, in a large part, determine what sort of evening the child and the family have. The importance of a teacher to a child is fantastic and cannot be over-emphasized.
All my children are fortunate to have remarkable teachers. Consequently, the three of them love going to school almost as much as they love using teacherisms, for example, one of Hannah’s favorite phrases in used when I mess up. She looks at me with understanding and says, “It’s okay to make mistakes, mama, because you’re only learning.” Rachael’s favorite phrase is used to start most of her jobs; with a glow in her eye, she says, “I’m just going to do my best, mama, because that’s all I can do!” But perhaps my favorite is Jacob’s response to his sisters when one of them says something he doesn’t like. With his hand on his heart he says, “Don’t say that because words can break my heart.”
Like most parents, I hear teacherisms daily. And every time I hear one, my heart floods with gratefulness for the wonderful teachers who make my children feel safe, important, and successful in the classroom, and who are helping my children achieve emotional good health. There is much talk today how to measure a teacher’s worth. I think we need only look at the students. Children mirror teachers’ words and actions, and the content of those reflections shows teacher’s greatness.
1．Teachers are important to students in that ___________.
A．they equip them with book knowledge
B．they help free the parents from worries
C.they guarantee each family a happy evening
D．they help keep them emotionally healthy
2．The three children’s examples are used to show that_______.
A．they are lucky to have wonderful teachers
B．they can eventually develop into good teachers
C.they are sometimes mentally hurt by the teachers
D．they have a successful performance in school
3．To his mother, what the boy says possibly sounds_____.
A．ridiculous B．convincing C.humorous D．inspiring
4．The underlined word “teacherisms” probably refers to “_________”.
A．how teachers normally deal with their students
B．what teachers usually say to their students
C.why teachers seem important to their students
D．where teachers agree with their students
Sports can help you keep fit and get in touch with nature. However, whether you are on the mountains, in the waves, or on the grassland, you should be aware that your sport of choice might have great influence on the environment.
Some sports are resource-hungry. Golf, as you may know, eats up not only large areas of countryside, but also tons of water. Besides, all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses (球场) in good condition. This causes major environmental effects. For example, in the dry regions of Portugal and Spain, golf is often held responsible for serious water shortage in some local areas.
There are many environment-friendly sports. Power walking is one of them that you could take up today. You don’t need any special equipment except a good pair of shoes; and you don’t have to worry about resources and your purse. Simple and free, power walking can also keep you fit. If you walk regularly, it will be good for your heart and bones. Experts say that 20 minutes of power walking daily can make you feel less anxious, sleep well and have better weight control.
Whatever sport you take up, you can make it greener by using environment-friendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials. But the final goal should be “green gyms”. They are better replacements for traditional health clubs and modern sports centers. Members of green gyms play sports outdoors, in the countryside or other open spaces. There is no special requirement for you to start your membership. And best of all, it’s free.
1. The author thinks the golf is resource-hungry because of the following EXCEPT that _____.
A. Golf wastes large areas of countryside
B. Golf runs out of much water
C.Keeping golf court in good condition needs too much energy
D. Golf is bad for people’s health
2. According to the passage, which of the following is an environment-friendly sport?
A. swimming in the pool B. hiking in the hills
C.playing basketball in the gym D. motor racing in the desert
3. The reason why the author uses power walking as an example mainly is that ______.
A. it improves our health B. it is an outdoor sport
C.it uses fewer resourcesD. it is recommended by experts
4. The passage is developed mainly by _____.
A. examples and explanation B. comparison and persuasion
C.facts and descriptions D. figures and conclusion
Rising levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere are a major cause of climate change, and now a new study has confirmed that atmospheric CO2 is also affecting the ocean chemistry and potentially harming sea life.
Montana State University scientist Robert Dore has been researching the water in the Pacific Ocean for almost two decades.
“We’ve been going to the same spot in the Pacific Ocean, and we try and characterize long-term change in the open ocean environment. And one of the key things that we measure is CO2 levels. And we’ve been able to record this increasing quantity of atmospheric CO2 into the ocean.”
Scientists expected that as atmospheric CO2 increased, more and more of the carbon dioxide would be absorbed into the ocean, affecting the chemical balance of the sea water, with a potentially harmful impact on shellfish and coral in particular.
“As carbon dioxide dissolves (溶解) in the water, or seawater in this case, it forms a weak acid (酸), carbonic acid, ” Dore explains. “And therefore, as the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere goes up and that exchanges with the surface seawater, it drives the pH down, and makes it more acidic.”
The seawater Dore and his colleagues have analyzed confirms what the theory predicts.
The effect was particular striking at about 250 meters down, and again at 500 meters. Dore and his colleagues came up with two possible explanations. It could be that surface water picked up CO2 and then moved to those depths. Or there could be a biological explanation.
“It’s important to realize that the oceans are really becoming acidic。And it can have negative impacts on a whole variety of sea life from fish to coral. It’s potentially catastrophic.”
1. What can be the best title of the passage?
A. Sea Life Facing DangerB. Scientist Researching Seawater
C.Oceans Becoming More Acidic D. Climate Change Affecting Seawater
2. Which of the following shows the process of the impact of atmospheric CO2 on sea life?
a. Sea life is endangered.
b. CO2 goes into the surface water.
C.The ocean chemistry is affected.
d. CO2 decreases the pH and makes the seawater more acidic.
e. CO2 levels in the atmosphere go up.
A. a→b→c→d→e B. e→b→c→d→a
C.a→e→c→d→b D. e→d→c→b→a
3. Scientist Robert Dore came to the conclusion based on ________.
A. his research and analysis B. the expectation of other scientists
C.some former theoryD. a major cause of climate change
4. What does the passage want to tell us most?
A. It takes time to make a scientific study.
B. Atmospheric CO2 is doing harm to sea life.
C.Robert Dore is a committed and serious scientist.
D. Measures should be taken to prevent the potential catastrophe.