Started in 1636, Harvard University is the oldest of all the many colleges and universities in the United States. Yale, Princeton, Columbia and Dartmouth were opened soon after Harvard.
In the early years, these schools were much alike. Only young men went to college. All the students studied the same subjects, and everyone learned Latin, Greek and Hebrew. Little was known about science then, and one kind of school could teach everything that was known about the world. When the students graduated, most of them became ministers or teachers.
In 1782, Harvard started a medical school for young men who wanted to become doctors. Later, lawyers could receive their training in Harvard's law school. In 1825, besides Latin and Greek, Harvard began teaching modern languages, such as French and German. Soon it began teaching American history.
As knowledge increased, Harvard and other colleges began to teach many new subjects. Students were allowed to choose the subjects that interested them.
Today, there are many different kinds of colleges and universities. Most of them are made up of smaller schools that deal with（涉及）special fields of learning. There's so much to learn that one kind of school can't offer it all.The oldest university in the US is _________.
| A．Yale | B．Harvard | C．Princeton | D．Columbia |
From the second paragraph, we can see that in the early years,______.
| A．those colleges and universities were the same |
| B．people, young or old, might study in the colleges |
| C．students studied only some languages and science |
| D．when the students finished their school, they became lawyers or teachers |
Modern languages the Harvard taught in 1825 were ________.
| A．Latin and Greek |
| B．Latin, Green, French and German |
| C．American history and German |
| D．French and German |
As knowledge increased, colleges began to teach_______.
| A．everything that was known |
| B．law and something about medicine |
| C．many new subjects |
| D．the subjects that interested students |
On the whole, the passage is about___________.
| A．how to start a university |
| B．the world-famous colleges in America |
| C．how colleges have changed |
| D．what kind of lesson each college teaches |
Students and Technology in the Classroom
I love my blackberry—it’s my little connection to the larger world that can go anywhere with me. I also love my laptop computer，as it holds all of my writing and thoughts. Despite this love of technology, I know that there are times when I need to move away from these devices(设备) and truly communicate with others.
On occasion, I teach a course called History Matters for a group of higher education managers. My goals for the class include a full discussion of historical themes and ideas. Because I want students to thoroughly study the material and exchange their ideas with each other in the classroom, I have a rule —no laptop, iPads, phones, etc. When students were told my rule in advance of the class, some of them were not happy.
Most students assume that my reasons for this rule include unpleasant experiences in the past with students misusing technology. There’s a bit of truth to that. Some students assume that I am anti-technology. There’s no truth in that at all. I love technology and try to keep up with it so I can relate to my students.
The real reason why I ask students to leave technology at the door is that I think there are very few places in which we can have deep conversions and truly engage complex ideas. Interruptions by technology often break concentration and allow for too much dependence on outside information for ideas. I want students to dig deep within themselves for inspiration and ideas. I want them to push each other to think differently and make connections between the course material and the class discussion.
I’ve been teaching my history class in this way for many years and the evaluations reflect student satisfaction with the environment that I create. Students realize that with deep conversation and challenge, they learn at a level that helps them keep the course material beyond the classroom.
I’m not saying that I won’t ever change my mind about technology use in my history class, but until I hear a really good reason for the change, I’m sticking to my plan. A few hours of technology-free dialogue is just too sweet to give up.Some of the students in the history class were unhappy with____
| A．the course material | B．the author’s class regulations |
| C．discussion topics | D．others’ misuse of technology |
The underlined word “engage ”in para.4 probably means ____
| A．explore | B．accept | C．change | D．reject |
According to the author, the use of technology in the classroom may ____
| A．keep students from doing independent thinking |
| B．encourage students to have in-depth conversations |
| C．help students to better understand complex themes |
| D．affect students’ concentration on course evaluation |
It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the author ____
| A．is quite stubborn |
| B．will give up teaching history |
| C．values technology-free dialogues in his class |
| D．will change his teaching plan soon |
Ann Whimey, a sophomore(大学二年级学生) at Colorado State University, first had a problem taking tests when she began college. "I was always well prepared for my tests. Sometimes I studied for weeks before a test. Yet I would go to take the test, only to find I could not answer the questions correctly. I would blank out because of nervousness and fear. I couldn't think of the answer."
The young student was experiencing something called test anxiety. Because a student worries and is uneasy about a test, his or her mind does not work as well as it usually does. The student cannot write or think clearly because of the great nervousness. though poor scores are often a result of poor study habits, sometimes test anxiety causes low scores. Recently, test anxiety has been recognized as a real problem, not just an excuse or a false explanation of lazy students.
Special university counseling(咨询) courses try to help students. In these courses, counselors try to help students by teaching them how to manage test anxiety. At some universities, students take tests to measure their anxiety. If the test shows their anxiety is high, the students can take courses to help them deal with their nervousness. These courses teach students how to relax their bodies. By controlling their nervousness, they can let their minds work at ease, learn information, then come out without difficulty in a test.
An expert at the University of California explains, "With almost all students, relaxation is felt after taking our program. Most of them have better control during their test. Almost all have some improvements. For some, the improvement is very great.The title of the passage should be
| A．Tests at college |
| B．Anxiety and Tests |
| C．How to Get Rid of Anxiety |
| D．Counseling Courses Help Students |
According to this passage, we mainly find poor scores may result from
| A．laziness | B．sleeplessness |
| C．nervousness | D．poor study habits |
In order to get rid of test anxiety, students should
| A．take tests to measure their anxiety |
| B．take counseling courses to help themselves |
| C．let their minds work at ease |
| D．learn to control their nervousness |
According to the counselor at the University of California, the program is
| A．successful |
| B．ineffective |
| C．of great help to all |
| D．worth showing off |
I was being interviewed by a senior manager for a big company, I told him honestly that the principal reason that I was interviewing with them was my need to keep my family in Boston. My wife had recently died of a heart attack. A job in Boston would help me reduce some pain for my 16-year-old daughter and me. It was important to me to keep her present high school.
Bruce, the interviewer, was politely kind, but he didn’t search any further. He acknowledged(承认) my loss and, with great respect, moved on to another subject. After the next round of interviews, Bruce took me to lunch with another manager. Then he asked me to take a walk with him. He told me that he had lost his wife. And, like me, he had also been married 20 years and had 3 children. I realized that he had experienced the same pain as I had and it was almost impossible to explain to someone who had not lost a loved one. He offered his business card and home phone number and suggested that, should I need help or just want someone to talk to, I should feel free to give him a call. Whether I got the job or not, he wanted me to know that he was there if I ever needed help.
From that one act of kindness, when he had no idea if we could ever see each other again, he helped our family deal with one of life’s greatest losses. He turned the normally cold business interview process into an act of caring and supporting for another person in a time of extreme need.According to the passage, the interviewer, Bruce, was very _______.
| A．generous | B．kind | C．happy | D．mean |
The underlined word "principal" in the first paragraph probably means _____.
| A．main | B．unimportant | C．necessary | D．possible |
Which of the following statement is NOT true?
| A．The writer’s daughter was studying in Boston at that time. |
| B．Both the writer and the interviewer experienced the same pain. |
| C．Bruce was a senior manager of a big firm. |
| D．Bruce wanted to make friends with him because he gave him his business card and home phone number. |
There is no doubt that watching television and movies can influence the way that people behave. Moreover, it seems that people are spending more and more time watching some sort of visual entertainment, whether it is television, a video tape or a DVD. Therefore, the effects of the visual media cannot be ignored.
One obvious effect of these media is that watching them induces(诱导)people to buy certain products. Television advertising is widespread and, nowadays, even movie theaters permit advertisements. Another way TV and the movies affect people is that they give people either a broader view of the world or a distorted(扭曲的)one, depending on what type of program they watch. Those who watch news and educational programs can learn many new things while those who watch primarily entertainment shows may come to believe that most people in the world have great wealth and good looks. It may make them become dissatisfied with their own lives. Finally perhaps the most susceptible(易受影响的)viewers are children, who may be unable to tell fact from fiction and may try to copy acts that they see on TV or in the movies.
With the ever-increasing popularity of video entertainment, society must pay attention to these effects. Television and movies, while entertaining and informative, cannot take the place of real experiences.From the passage, we know that watching television and movies can .
| A．make people live better | B．make people feel pleased |
| C．make people change their way of life | D．make people live worse |
The writer holds the view that .
| A．people may take no notice of the effects of the visual media |
| B．people must pay attention to the effects of the visual media |
| C．the effects of the visual media make the world changed greatly |
| D．the visual media only affect young people |
Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
| A．Those who watch news and educational programs can earn a lot of money and become very pretty. |
| B．The reason why most people possess great wealth and good looks is that they often watch television advertising. |
| C．People buy products only when they are induced by television advertising. |
| D．People who watch primarily entertainment shows may come to believe that most people in the world are rich and beautiful. |
What would be the best title for this text?
| A．The Influence of Television and Movies |
| B．The Reason Why People Watch Television and Movies |
| C．Television and Movies Induce People |
| D．The Importance of Television and Movies |
A grave of a man dating back to around 2300 BC was found by archaeologists in England On May 3, 2002. Buried with him were the tools of a hunter or warrior. There was a bone pin that may have been from a piece of clothing such as a leather coat. He carried a copper knife on his breast. The most amazing find was two gold earrings. That would have made him a man of distinction. Only a few centimeters from his head were two pots made of clay, tools and materials to make arrows, a bow and a dozen arrows for hunting and a second, smaller copper knife. Next to them lay a cushion stone, upon which the man could work metal.
His grave is the richest of any found from that period, because this man was buried with two gold earrings which are the oldest gold ever found in Britain (dated to 2470 BC). Besides, he was buried three miles from Stonehenge. Archaeologists tend to believe he was a member of a powerful class who might have organized the construction of Stonehenge.
Stonehenge was begun around 3000 BC. In about 2300 BC the huge stone circles were built. The biggest stone weighed approximately 20 tons. But the smaller blue stones, still weighing 4 tons on average, came from west Wales. It is not yet known how these were conveyed over a distance of 380 km. It is also a mystery how early man was able to construct Stonehenge without the use of modern construction machines and lorries.
He is an example of people who brought culture and new techniques from the European mainland to Britain. In terms of technical development people were going from the Stone Age to the Bronze Age and then to the Iron Age.Which are not included in the things that are found in the grave of a man?
| A．Tools, a bone pin, a bow and a cushion stone |
| B．A copper knife and two gold earrings. |
| C．Two pots, arrows and materials to make arrows. |
| D．some chicken and grains. |
The man buried in the grave might be ______ at that time.
| A．A poor man | B．a kind-hearted man |
| C．a rich man | D．an ordinary man |
Why is the man buried in the grave called the "king of Stonehenge" ?
| A．He was buried three miles from Stonehenge. |
| B．He had the oldest gold ever found in Britain. |
| C．He might be a member of a powerful class who might have organized the construction of Stonehenge. |
| D．All of the above. |
We can infer that _______ .
| A．how Stonehenge was built |
| B．the King of Stonehenge was from France |
| C．Stonehenge was built through several ages |
| D．Stonehenge was built because of war |