They may be just passing your office, computer bag slung (悬挂) over one shoulder. Or they may be sitting in a car outside it, causally tapping away at a laptop. They look like innocent passers-by. In fact, they are stealing your corporate secrets.
Drive-by hacking is the trendy term given to the practice of breaking into wireless computer networks from outside the buildings that house them. A recent study in the UK, sponsored by RSA Data Security, found that two-thirds of organizations with wireless networks were risking their data in this way. Security experts patrolled (巡逻) several streets in the City of London seeking evidence of wireless networks in operation.
Of 124 that they identified, 83 were sending data without encrypting（加密）them. Such data could readily be picked up by a passer-by armed only with a portable computer, a wireless modem and a few pieces of software that can be freely downloaded from the Internet.
The data could include sensitive company documents containing valuable information. Or they could be e-mail identities and passwords that could be used by hackers to log into corporate networks as if they were legal users.
Most companies using wireless networking technology do not take even the simplest of measures to protect their data. Nearly all wireless network technology comes with some basic security features that need only to be activated (激活) in order to give a minimum level of security, for example, by encrypting the data being passed over the network.
Raymon Kruck, business development manager at Check Point Software, a security technology specialist, believes this could be partly a psychological problem. People see the solid walls of their building as safeguards and forget that wireless networks can extend up to 200 meters beyond physical walls.
Companies without any security at all on their wireless networks make it ridiculously easy for hackers to break in. Switching on the security that comes with the network technology should be automatic. Then there are other basic steps a company can take, says Mr. Kruck, such as changing the passwords on the network from the default (默认) setting.
Companies can also install firewalls, which form a barrier between the internal network and the public Internet. They should also check their computer records regularly to spot any abnormal activity, which might betray the presence of a hacker.According to the study sponsored by RSA Data Security, two thirds of the subjects _______.
| A．had most of their company data stolen |
| B．depended on wireless computer networks |
| C．were exposed to drive-by hacking |
| D．were unaware of the risk of wireless hacking |
Whichof the following is NOT considered in the study?
| A．The number of computer hacking incidents. |
| B．The number of wireless computer networks identified. |
| C．The way in which data are sent and received. |
| D．The way in which data are hacked and stolen. |
Most wireless network technology has_________.
| A．data encryption program | B．password security programs |
| C．illegal-user detection | D．firewall |
Raymond Kruck most probably agrees that wireless network security involves ________.
| A．wireless signal administration | B．changes in user’s awareness |
| C．users’ psychological health | D．stronger physical walls |
The passage is most likely to be seen in a __________
| A．book review | B．science fiction | C．textbook | D．computer magazine |
What should you think about in trying to find your career? You are probably better at some school subjects than others. These may show strengths that you can use in your work. A boy who is good at mathematics can use that in an engineering career. A girl who spells well and likes English may be good at office work .So it is important to do well at school. On the other hand, you may not have any specially strong or weak subjects but your records show a general satisfactory standard. Although not all subjects can be used directly in a job, they may have indirect value. Knowledge of history is not required for most jobs but if history is one of your good subjects you will have learned to remember facts and details. This is an ability that can be useful in many jobs.
Your school may have taught you skills, such as typing or technical drawing, which you can use in your work. You may be good at metal work or cookery(烹饪术)and look for a job where you can improve these skills.
If you have had a part-time job on Saturdays or in the summer, think what you gained from it. If nothing else, you may have learned how to get to work on time, to follow instructions and to get on with older workers. You may have learned to give correct change in a shop, for example. Just as important, you may become interested in a particular industry or career you see from the inside in a part-time job.
Facing your weak points is also part of knowing yourself. You may be all thumbs when you handle(运用)tools; perhaps you are a poor speller or cannot add up a column of figures. It is bitter to face any weaknesses than to pretend they do not exist. Your school record, for instance, may not be too good, yet it is an important part of your background. You should not be apologetic about it but instead recognize that you will have a chance of a fresh start at work..Which of the following best sums up the first paragraph?
| A．The importance of doing well at school. |
| B．Using school performance to help to choose a career. |
| C．The importance of being good at all subjects. |
| D．The indirect value of schoolwork. |
The writer thinks that for a student to have a part-time job is probably _____.
| A．a waste of time that could have been spent on study |
| B．useful for his future work |
| C．a good way to earn extra money |
| D．a good way to find out his weak points |
According to the passage, if a student’s school record is not good, he ____.
| A．will be a complete failure in his future work |
| B．will not be able to find a suitable job |
| C．will regret not having worked harder at school |
| D．may do well in his future work |
Which subject is supposed to have no direct value for job hunting?
| A．Mathematics. | B．English. | C．Technical drawing. | D．History. |
The whole passage centers on ____.
| A．choosing a career according to what one is skilled in |
| B．acquiring knowledge by working hard at school |
| C．finding one’s strong and weak points |
| D．developing one’s abilities useful in school work |
Everybody has had at least one experience from which he knows the meaning of life．This time, which took place several years ago, but seems as if it just happened．
On an afternoon several years ago, my brother-in-law opened the bottom drawer of my sister's dress and picked out a beautiful skirt．"Jan bought this the first time we went to New York, at least 8 or 9 years ago．She never wore it．She was saving it for a special occasion．" he said．I guess this was the occasion: it was the funeral (葬礼) of my sister, after her unexpected death．
He took the shirt and put it on bed, with the other clothes we were taking to the funeral．Then he closed the drawer and turned to me, "Don't ever save anything for a special occasion．Every day you're alive is a special occasion．"
I'm thinking about his words, and they've changed the way I live my life．I'm spending more time with my family and friends and less time in committee meetings．Whenever possible, life should be a kind of experience to enjoy, not to suffer．"Someday" and "one of these days" are losing their importance on my vocabulary．If it's worth seeing or hearing or doing,I want to see and hear and do it now．
Ever since that day, I have been trying very hard not to put off, hold hack or save anything that would add laughter and color to our lives．Every morning when I open my eyes．I tell myself that every day, every minute, every breath, truly is a gift．So cherish every day and find the true meaning of your life．Why did Jan buy the beautiful skirt but didn't wear it?
| A．She waited for a special occasion to wear it on． |
| B．She wanted to keep it for someone else． |
| C．She saved it till she grew up． |
| D．She would give it to herself as a gift some day． |
What does the underlined word "cherish" mean?
| A．Treasure． | B．Waste． | C．Own． | D．Save． |
From his experience, the author learns that _______．
| A．everybody can have a happy life through efforts |
| B．every day in our lives is worth cherishing |
| C．enjoying ourselves is the most important thing in our lives |
| D．everybody will have some things left to do after his death |
What does the author write this passage for?
| A．To show how to make good use of every day in life． |
| B．To explain the true meaning of his brother-in-law's words． |
| C．To tell people to cherish every day and find the meaning of life． |
| D．To encourage people to waste time and enjoy themselves in life． |
What's the best title for this passage?
| A．Every Day Is a Gift |
| B．My Sister Jan |
| C．What Is the Meaningful Life Like |
| D．The Most Important Time in Your Life |
Every year thousands of tourists visit Pompeii, Italy. They see the sights that Pompeii is famous for-its stadium and theatres, its shops and restaurants. The tourists do not, however, see Pompeii’s people. They do not see them because Pompeii has no people. No one has lived in Pompeii for almost 2000 years.
Once, Pompeii was a busy city of 22,000 people. It lay at the foot of Mount Vesuvius, a grass-covered volcano. Mount Vesuvius had not erupted for centuries, so the people of Pompeii felt safe, But they were not.
In August of AD 79 , Mount Vesuvius erupted. The entire top of the mountain exploded, and a huge black cloud rose into the air. Soon stones and hot ash began to fall on Pompeii . When the eruption ended , Pompeii was hurried under 20 feet of stones and ashes. Almost all of its people were dead.
For centuries, Pompeii lay buried under stone and ash. Then, in the year 1861,an Italian scientist named Ginseppe began to uncover Pompeii. Slowly, carefully, Ginseppe and his men dug. The city looked almost the same as it had looked in AD79 , There were streets and fountains, houses and shops, There was a stadium with 20,000 seats , Perhaps the most important of all, there were everyday objects, which tell us a great deal about the people who lived in Pompeii. Many glasses and jars had some dark blue color in the bottom, so we know that the people of Pompeii liked wine, They liked bread, too; metal bread pans were in the bakery .In one bakery there were 81 round , flat loaves of bread –a type of bread that is still sold in Italy today . Tiny boxes filled with a dark, shiny powder tell us that women liked to wear eye-makeup.Why do large numbers of people come to Pompeii each year?
| A．To find the volcano |
| B．To shop and eat there |
| C．To watch sports and plays |
| D．To see how Pompeians lived |
Why did the city uncovered look almost the same as it had looked in AD 79?
| A．Ginseppe and his men dug it slowly and carefully. |
| B．The city was buried alive and remained untouched. |
| C．Scientists successfully rebuilt the city with everyday objects. |
| D．Nobody had lived in the city ever since the volcano erupted. |
What do we know about the Pompeians who lived 2000 years ago?
| A．They lived more or less the same as Italians now do . |
| B．They liked women wearing all kinds of makeup. |
| C．They enjoyed a lazy life with drinking and eating. |
| D．They went back to Pompeii after the eruption in AD79. |
40 years ago the idea of disabled people doing sport was never heard of. But when the yearly games for the disabled were started at Stoke Mandeville, England in 1948 by Sir Ludwig Guttmann, the situation began to change.
Sir Ludwig Guttmann, who had been driven to England in 1939 from Nazi Germany, had been asked by the British government to set up an injuries center at Stoke Mandeville Hospital near London, His ideas about treating injuries included sport for the disabled.
In the first games just two teams of injured soldiers took part .The next year, 1949, five teams took part. From those beginnings, things have developed fast. Teams now come from abroad to Stoke Mandeville every year. In 1990 the first Olympics for the disabled were held in Rome, in the same place as the normal Olympic Games. Now, every four years the Olympic Games for the disabled are held, if possible, in the same place as the normal Olympic Games, although they are organized separately. In other years games for the disabled are still held at Stoke Mandeville, In the 1984 Wheelchair Olympic Games, 1,064 wheelchair athletes form about 40 countries took part. Unfortunately, they were held at Stoke Mandeville and not in Los Angeles, along with the other Olympics.
The games have been a great success in helping the progress of international friendship and understanding, and in proving that being disabled does not mean you can’t enjoy sport. One small source of disappointment for those who organize and take part in the games, however, has been the unwillingness of the International Olympic Committee to include disabled events at the Olympic Games for the able-bodied. Perhaps a few more years are still needed to persuade those fortunate enough not to be disabled that their disabled fellow athletes should be included.The first games for the disabled were held ___ after Sir Ludwig Guttmann arrived in England.
| A．40 years | B．21 years | C．10 years | D．9 years |
Besides Stoke Mandeville, surely the games for the disabled were once held in_____.
| A．New York | B．London | C．Rome | D．Los Angeles |
What do we know about Sir Ludwig Guttmann from the passage?
| A．He is an early organizer of the games for the able-bodied |
| B． He is welcomed by the British government |
| C．He is an injured soldier. |
| D．He is from England. |
From the passage, we may know that the writer is_____.
| A．in favor of holding the games for the disabled |
| B．against holding the games for the disabled |
| C．a disabled person who once took part in the games |
| D．one of the organizers of the games for the disabled |
It is estimated that some seven hundred million people, about half the world’s adult population, are unable to read or write, and there are probably two hundred and fifty million more whose level is so slight that it is hardly called literacy(有文化).
Recently the attack on illiteracy had been stepped up. A world plan has been drawn up by a committee of UNESCO experts in Paris, as part of the United Nations Development Decade（十年计划）,and an international conference of the subject has also been held. UNESCO stresses that functional literacy is the aim. People must learn the basic skills of responsible citizenship, the ability of reading notices, newspapers, timetables, letters, price-lists to keep simple records and accounts, to select the importance of the information gathered, and to fill in the forms.
The major areas of illiteracy are in Asia, Africa, and Central and South America. In Africa there are at least one hundred million illiterate people, which is eighty to eighty-five percent of the total population. In Europe the figure is about twenty-four million; most of them are in Sothern Europe, with Spain, Italy, Portugal, Yugoslavia heading the list (the United Kingdom has about seven hundred thousand).
UNESGO is eager for each country in the world, poor or rich, to wipe out illiteracy.The author implies that this world plan is to______.
| A．be carried out in the major areas of illiteracy like Africa. |
| B．be realized in the years |
| C．be drawn up by Parisian experts |
| D．be discussed at an international conference |
The world plan mentioned in the passage aims at____.
| A．asking African countries to take the lead in attacking illiteracy |
| B．strengthening the function of the UNESCO |
| C．helping illiterate people learn functional reading and writing |
| D．training responsible citizens |
According to the passage, which of the following countries has the most illiterate people?
| A．England | B．France | C．Sweden | D．Spain |
Which of the statements is true?
| A．The major areas of illiteracy are in Asia, Africa, and Central and South America. |
| B．In the USA there are at least one hundred million illiterate people, |
| C．the United Kingdom has about seven hundred million illiterate people |
| D．In Europe the figure is about twenty-four million; most of them are in Northern Europe. |