How can you find out what is going on inside a person’s body without opening the patient’s body up? Regular X rays can show a lot. CAT scans can show even more. They can give a complete view of body organs.
What is a CAT scan? CAT stands for a kind of machine. It is a special X-ray machine that gets a 360-degree picture of a small area of a patient’s body.
Doctors use X rays to study and determine diseases and injuries within the body, X rays can find a foreign object inside the body or take pictures of some inside organs to be X-rayed.
A CAT scanner, however, uses a group of X rays to give a cross-sectional（横截面）view of a specific part of the body. A fine group of X rays is scanned across the body and around the patient from many different directions. A computer studies the information from each direction and produces a clear cross-sectional picture on a screen. This picture is then photographed for later use. Several cross sections, taken one after another, can give clear “photos” of the entire body or of any body organs. The latest CAT scanners can even give clear pictures of active, moving organs, just as a fast-action camera can “stop the action”, giving clear pictures of what appears unclear to the eye. And because of the 360-degree pictures, CAT scans show clear and complete views of organs in a manner that was once only shown during operation or examination of a dead patient.
Frequent appearance before X rays can cause skin burns, cancer or other damage to the body. Yet CAT scans actually don’t cause the patient to more radiation than regular X rays do. CAT scans can also be done without getting something harmful into the patient, so they are less risky than regular X rays.
CAT scans provide exact, detailed information. They can quickly find such a thing as bleeding inside the brain. They are helping to save lives.What is NOT true of a CAT scan?
| A．It is safer than regular X rays. |
| B．It makes use of computer techniques. |
| C．It can stop the action of an organ for a short time. |
| D．It gives clear pictures of active, moving body parts. |
The underlined words “a foreign object”（Para 3）most probably refer to .
| A．a badly injured part inside the body |
| B．a new thing that is unknown to the doctor |
| C．a strange organ that has grown in the body |
| D．an object that gets inside the body by chance |
What is the special use of the latest CAT scanners?
| A．It provides clear photos of moving organs. |
| B．It can take 3-dimension（三维）pictures of inside organs. |
| C．It won’t cause serious skin burns, cancer or other damage to the body. |
| D．It helps to find out what is going on inside a person’s body without opening it up. |
We can infer from this passage that .
| A．patients in front of CAT may suffer from a bit of radiation |
| B．doctors need no opening-up of the body with CAT scanners |
| C．CAT scanners are more expensive than regular X-ray machines |
| D．CAT scanners can take photos of either the whole body or a part of it |
The best title of this passage might be .
| A．the Newest Medical Invention |
| B．New X-ray Machine to Save Lives |
| C．How to Avoid the Damage of X Rays |
| D．Advantages and Disadvantages of CAT Scanners |
You never see him, but they're with you every time you fly. They record where you are going, how fast you're traveling and whether everything on your airplane is functioning normally. Their ability to endure almost any disaster makes them seem like something out of a comic book. They're known as the black box.
When planes fall from the sky, as a Yemeni airliner did on its way to Comoros Islands in the India ocean on June 30, 2009, the black box is the best bet for identifying what went wrong. So when a French submarine (潜水艇) detected the box's homing signal five days later, the discovery marked a huge step toward determining the cause of a tragedy in which 152 passengers were killed.
In 1958, Australian scientist David Warren developed a flight-memory recorder that would track basic information like altitude and direction. That was the first mode for a black box, which became a requirement on all U.S. commercial flights by 1960. Early models often failed to withstand crashes, however, so in 1965 the box was completely redesigned and moved to the rear of the plane – the area least subject to impact – from its original position in the landing wells (起落架舱). The same year, the Federal Aviation Authority required that the boxes, which were never actually black, be painted orange or yellow to aid visibility.
Modern airplanes have two black boxes: a voice recorder, which tracks pilots' conversations, and a flight-data recorder, which monitors fuel levels, engine noises and other operating functions that help investigators reconstruct the aircraft's final moments. Placed in an insulated (隔绝的) case and surrounded by a quarter-inch-thick panels of stainless steel, the boxes can stand massive force and temperatures up to 2,000℉. When submerged, they're also able to emit signals from depths of 20,000 ft. Experts believe the boxes from Air France Flight 447, which crashed near Brazil on June 1,2009, are in water nearly that deep, but statistics say they're still likely to turn up. In the approximately 20 deep-sea crashes over the past 30 years, only one plane's black boxes were never recovered.What does the author say about the black box?
| A．It is an indispensable device on an airplane. |
| B．The idea for its design comes from a comic book. |
| C．Its ability to avoid disasters is incredible. |
| D．It ensures the normal functioning of an airplane. |
What does the underlined word in the 3rd paragraph mean?
| A．witness | B．experience | C．resist | D．ensure |
Why was the black box redesigned in 1965?
| A．New materials became available by that time. |
| B．Too much space was needed for its installation. |
| C．The early models didn't provide the needed data. |
| D．The early models often got damaged in the crash. |
What do we know about the black boxes from Air France Flight 447?
| A．There is an urgent need for them to be reconstructed. |
| B．There is still a good chance of their being recovered. |
| C．They have stopped sending homing signals. |
| D．They were destroyed somewhere near Brazil. |
This Teaching Assistant Level 3 course is designed for people who either are, or wish to become a teaching assistant. Teaching assistants carry out their tasks under the direction of the class teacher. This is a fully supported home study course, and the help is available whenever you need it --- either online or over the phone. There is a huge demand for teaching assistants around the country but also many thousands of applicants for these positions. Having this Teaching Assistant Level 3 qualification will help you stand out from other applicants. Our Level 3 Teaching Assistant course is similar to the NVQ (National Vocational Qualification) Level 3 because it is an equivalent (同等的) level of learning.
The teaching assistant is able to contribute in four main areas:
Supporting the teacher
Supporting the pupil
Supporting the school
Supporting the curriculum
The salary a teaching assistant is expected to earn a year:
London fringe (外围):￡16,856 - ￡26,052
Outer London: ￡18,789 - ￡27,992
Inner London: ￡19,893 - ￡29,088
Rest of England and Wales: ￡15,817 - ￡25,016
The fee and the time of enrolment (入学)
Enroll for only a ￡35 deposit. Teaching Assistant Level 3 is only ￡345. To help you on your way towards achieving your qualification, we are offering all of our potential students a ￡115 reduction in their enrolment fees for June. The normal fee for this course is ￡460 but for this month it has been reduced to only ￡345. There has never been a better time to start learning and take that first step towards a brighter future!
100% money back guarantee, if you are not satisfied. That’s why we’ll happily give you your money back on any course returned within 7 days. It’s easy for you to enroll now by telephone 01223 923 913. You can get free friendly help and advice from 9:00 am to 4:00 pm, on Monday to Friday. Call 01223 923 915. How can people study this Teaching Assistant Level 3 course?
| A．Go to the night school. | B．Go to the full-time school. |
| C．Study at home at any time. | D．Study at weekends or vacations. |
What’s the teaching assistant’s task?
| A．Listening to the teacher’s lecture all the time. |
| B．Only helping teachers prepare their lessons. |
| C．Helping promote effective learning and teaching. |
| D．Often giving lessons in place of the formal teacher. |
If a teacher assistant earns ￡28,000 a year , he probably works in ______.
| A．downtown Wales | B．the fringe of London |
| C．outer London | D．downtown London |
How much should you pay in June if you have paid the deposit?
| A．￡35 | B．￡310 | C．￡345 | D．￡460 |
It's not a new phenomenon, but have you noticed how many nouns are being used as verbs? We all use them, often without noticing what we're doing.
I was arranging to meet someone for dinner last week, and I said “I’ll pencil it in my diary”, and my friend said “You can ink it in”, meaning that it was a firm arrangement not a tentative one!
Many of these new verbs are linked to new technology. An obvious example is the word fax. We all got used to sending and receiving faxes, and then soon started talking about faxing something and promising we'd fax it immediately. Then along came email, and we were soon all emailing each other madly. How did we do without it? I can hardly imagine life without my daily emails.
Email reminds me, of course, of my computer and its software, which has produced another couple of new verbs. On my computer I can bookmark those pages from the World Wide Web that I think I'll want to look at again, thus saving all the effort of remembering their addresses and calling them up from scratch. I can do the same thing on my PC, but there I don't bookmark; I favorite—coming from “favorite pages”, so the verb comes from an adjective not a noun.
Now my children bought me a mobile phone, known simply as a mobile and I had to learn yet more new verbs. I can message someone, that is, I can leave a message for them on their phone. Or I can text them, write a few words suggesting when and where to meet, for example. How long will it be before I can mobile them, that is, phone them using my mobile? I haven’t heard that verb yet, but I’m sure I will soon. Perhaps I’ll start using it myself!“I’ll pencil it in my diary” in the second paragraph probably means .
| A．it was a firm arrangement |
| B．he prefers a pencil to a pen |
| C．the arrangement should be written as a diary |
| D．it was an uncertain arrangement |
A website address can be easily found if it has been______.
| A．favorited | B．messaged | C．emailed | D．texted |
Which of the following has not been used as a verb yet?
| A．message | B．mobile | C．email | D．page |
The best title for this passage is____.
| A．Technology and Language. | B．Development of the English language |
| C．New Technology and New words | D．New Verbs from Nouns |
Teens’ lives hit by economy
Some teenagers are crossing their dream colleges off their lists. Others are thinking of skipping（略过）their senior trips or reducing prom(毕业舞会)costs. Many are finding their work hours cut while their expenses rise.
So, who exactly is punishing them？Is it their parents, teachers or employers？No, it’s the economy（经济状况）.
If you are like most teenagers, you probably don’t understand what “recession”, “negative economic growth” and “subprime mortgage crisis (次贷危机)”actually mean. And you probably don’t spend your days watching the ups and downs of the stock market.
It’s safe to say that most teens don’t know much about the economy except for one thing：it’s bad. But just how exactly is the economy affecting teens?
“The single largest thing I have noticed is the recession’s ability to affect my college choice, “said Heather Richars from Downey High School in California, US. “With the economic situation the way it is, I have thought less about going to a private or out-of-state university, and more about public schools in California, mainly because of the price of tuition, “said Richars. “I had been a fan of attending a private school up until this year.”
The economy cuts into other areas of teenagers’ lives, too.
Joey Camarda, a student at Modesto High School in California, who works at an ice cream store, said,“ Probably due to the economy, I have been getting less hours at my job, and because of that, I am not getting enough money to help pay for college.”
Tara Mooney, a senior at Beyer High School, has also begun to notice that money is tight.
“Things are getting expensive,” she said. “When it comes to applying for colleges and wanting to go on senior trips, I have to pick and choose instead of doing it all.”The purpose of writing the passage is mainly to tell us ________.
| A．the economic recession has had a big effect on teens’ work, life and study |
| B．teenagers are now having difficulty in deciding which colleges to apply for |
| C．teenagers don’t know much about the economic recession |
| D．teenagers are considering giving up their senior trips to save money |
Because of the bad economic situation, Heather Richars will most probably ________.
| A．go to a private university |
| B．attend an out-of-state college |
| C．attend a public college in California |
| D．find a good university as he planned |
How has Joey Camarda found the recession affects him?
| A．He has to find more part-time jobs. |
| B．He has to help his mother do more chores. |
| C．He has found that he had more time to study. |
| D．His plan to pay for college will be hard to realize. |
What can we conclude from the passage?
| A．Parents punish their teens by giving them less money. |
| B．Most teens understand what negative economic growth means. |
| C．Teenagers are finding it harder to do what they want than before. |
| D．Teenagers have realized the importance of managing their own money. |
Chocolate is good for your heart, skin and brain. Usually, people think that chocolate is bad for their health. They describe chocolate as “something to die for” or say “death by chocolate”. Now they should bite their tongues! Evidence(证据) is showing that some kinds of chocolate are actually good for you in the following ways:
A happier heart
Scientists at Harvard University recently examined 136 studies on cocoa—the main ingredient in chocolate and found that it does seem to strengthen the heart. Studies have shown heart benefits from increased blood flow. These benefits are the result of cocoa’s chemicals, which seem to prevent both cell damage and inflammation(炎症).
Better blood pressure
Ifyoursishigh,chocolatemayhelp.JeffreyBlumbergfromTuftsUniversityrecently
foundthatpeoplewithhighbloodpressurewhoate3.5ouncesofdarkchocolate
perdayfortwoweekstheirbloodpressuredropquickly.
Muscle magic
Chocolate milk may help you recover after a hard workout(锻炼). In a small study at Indiana University, people who drank chocolate milk between workouts did better on a tiredness test than those who had some sports drinks.
Better for your skin. German researchers gave 24 women a half-cup of special cocoa every day. After three months, the women’s skin was moister(滑润的)and smoother. The research shows that chocolate helps protect and increase blood flow to the skin, improving its appearance.
Brain gains
It sounds almost too good to be true, but research suggests that chocolate may improve your memory, attention span, reaction time, and problem-solving by increasing blood flow to the brain. Which of the following is wrong?
| A．Coca’s chemicals can prevent both cell damage and inflammation. |
| B．Chocolate may help you lower your blood pressure. |
| C．People early know chocolate is good for their health. |
| D．Chocolate may improve your memory, attention span, reaction time, and problem-solving. |
What’s the meaning of the underlined sentence in the fourth paragraph?
| A．Sports drinks are better than chocolate milk. |
| B．Sports drinks can make people easy to be tired. |
| C．Drinking milk can keep you energetic at work. |
| D．We should drink chocolate milk between times when we work hard. |
What’s the main idea of the text?
| A．Chocolate, a Healthy Food | B．More Chocolate, Less Health |
| C．Chocolate and Blood Pressure | D．Advice on Eating Chocolate |
What’s the meaning of “bite their tongues” in the first paragraph?
| A．Think of it. | B．Speak up. | C． Stop talking | D．Listen to it |