The Peppered Moth, a kind of insect(昆虫), is found in England. It is light brown in colour and likes to settle(栖息) on trees which are also light brown. This makes the moth difficult to be seen and birds are less likely to notice and eat it.
But with the development of industry(工业) , smoke from factories began to reach the trees where the moth settled. It made the trees blacker. Then something very strange took place: in industrial areas, the Peppered Moth began to change colour. It became darker as well. Though the change took several years, some scientists soon notice that newly-born moths were a little darker than usual.
A scientist with the name Kettlewell decided to make a careful study of this phenomenon(现象). He marked some of the light moths and some of the darker ones, and set them free in the woods near Bermingham, an industrial city. Later, he recaptured(重新捕获) as many as the marked moths as possible. The results were as follows.
| |
light moths |
darker moths |
| Moths set free |
201 |
601 |
| moths recaptured |
34(16%) |
206(34%) |
Kettlewell's research (研究) was done in the early 1950s. Soon afterwards Britain introduced new laws to reduce smoke and factory pollution.
Can you imagine what would happen to the Peppered Moth as the air became cleaner again?The Peppered Moth began to change its colour in industrial areas because .
| A．it itself liked to |
| B．it could be like the colour of its living-place |
| C．it had to keep the balance of nature |
| D．it was usually dark brown |
From the results of Kettlewell's research, we can see that .
| A．many more of the light moths were killed or eaten |
| B．more than one-fifth of the light moths was not killed |
| C．three times as many dark moths were kept safe as light ones |
| D．more dark moths were killed in industrial areas |
As the air became cleaner, .
| A．the number of the light moths became larger |
| B．the total number of the light moths remained unchanged |
| C．there were more of the darker moths and fewer of the light ones |
| D．the darker moths changed into the light ones suddenly |
A woman whose sports car was stolen with her dog in it put up notices all over the area that made it clear getting back her pet was more important than her car．
“Whoever did this can keep my car．Please let Benjerman come home,” the notice said．
It is not known whether the thief showed any pity, but almost 30 hours after the 1 pm theft Friday, Kimberly Atkins of Dover and Benjerman，a 12-year-old black retriever（猎犬），were reunited after police located them in Barrington．
“He’s hungry, he’s dirty, but he’s very happy to be home，”Atkins said．
The car was found at about 5 pm Saturday off Route 125 in a swampy area frequented by off-the-road cars and dirt bikes．However, the police couldn’t control Benjerman，and they had to call Atkins to come and get him．
Atkins said the thief cared for Benjerman a little by providing him with some dry cat food．She believed Benjerman ended up drinking some muddy water in the area．
She said they have been together for nearly 11 years after she took him back from a society shelter in Dallas, Texas．
Before Benjerman was found，Atkins and several friends put up notices all over the city and in Somersworth．They also contacted animal shelters，throughout southern New Hampshire and Massachusetts.
The notice stated there was a reward，and also that the dog needed medication．Any caller could remain anonymous（匿名的）．
Atkins had parked the car outside a hardware store with the keys inside and gone in to rent a carpet cleaner.
¨It was l0 minutes and I came out and my car was gone along with Benjerman in broad daylight，” Atkins said．The car thief threw Atkins’ wallet and other personal items out of the car before escaping from the scene．What would be the best title for the passage?
| A．A car with a dog was stolen |
| B．Lucky dog was returned to his owner |
| C．Stealing cars：a most important social problem |
| D．Woman wants dog back more than stolen car |
Which of the following shows the correct order of what happened?
a．Notices were put up saying there was a reward．
b．Atkins saw Benjerman again．
c．Police found Atkins’car．
d．Atkins took Benjerman back from a society shelter．
e．Atkins hired a carpet cleaner in a hardware store．
| A．d,e,a, b,c | B．d,e,a,c,b | C．e,a,d,b,c | D．e,a,c,d,b |
We can infer from the passage ．
| A．the dog was treated extremely badly by the thief |
| B．car stolen accidents happen frequently nowadays |
| C．the dog was found because of the reward |
| D．the thief stole the car easily |
Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
| A．Benjerman was sent back immediately after Atkins put up the notices． |
| B．Atkins and her friends made a great effort to look for Benierman． |
| C．The thief gave the dog back but kept the sports car． |
| D．The dog was back at 1 pm on a Friday． |
Childhood is a happy time, right? Not necessarily. Consider these facts.
Depression(抑郁症) may occur in as many as 1 in 33 children.
Once a child has an episode(一段情节) of depression, he or she has a 50 percent chance of experiencing another episode in the next 5 years.
Suicide(自杀) is the 6th leading cause of death for 5–to–15-year-olds.
If your child experiences 5 or more of these signs or symptoms(症状) for at least 2 weeks, he or she may be experiencing depression or another mental illness.
| Feeling——Does your child demonstrate: Sadness Emptiness Hopelessness Guilt Worthlessness Lack of enjoyment in everyday pleasures |
Thinking ——Is your child having trouble: Concentrating Making decisions Completing schoolwork Maintaining grades Maintaining friendships |
| Physical problems—Does your child complain of : Headaches Stomachaches Lack of energy Sleeping problems ( too much or too little) Weight or appetite changes ( gain or loss) |
Suicide risk--Does your child talk or think about: Suicide Death Other morbid （生病的）subjects |
| Behavior problems ——Is your child: Irritable Not wanting to go to school Wanting to be alone most of the time Having difficulty getting along with others Cutting classes or skipping school Dropping out of sports, hobbies or other activities Drinking alcohol or using drugs. |
Sometimes, a child who causes problems at school or at home may actually be depressed, according to the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. If you think your child may be depressed, it’s important to have your child treated. Discuss your child’s problems with his or her doctor. The doctor may suggest a referral to a children’s psychologist(心理医生)or psychiatrist（精神病医生）.
Treatment may include individual and family therapy(治疗), along with an antidepressant medication (抗抑郁药)This article is particularly written for ____.
| A．parents | B．teachers | C．children | D．psychologists |
Which statement describes a child who may have physical problems?
| A．The child is always in high mood. |
| B．The child always feels tired but sleeps only four hours a day. |
| C．The child hates to study. |
| D．The child can not concentrate on one thing for a long period. |
When your child always talks about death or other morbid subjects, he or she___
| A．may has trouble in thinking | B．may have suicide risk |
| C．may have behavior problems | D．may have physical problems |
What should we do when we find our kids experiencing depression?
| A．Ask for leave to accompany them at home. |
| B．Ask them to take antidepressant immediately. |
| C．Go to see the doctor. |
| D．Ask them to have a good rest. |
For a clearer picture of what the student knows, most teachers use another kind of examination in addition to objective tests. They use “essay” tests, which require students to write long answers to broad, general questions such as the following: “Mention several ways in which Benjamin Franklin has influenced thinking of people in his own country and in other parts of the world.”
One advantage of the essay test is that it reduces the element of luck. The student cannot get a high score just by making a lucky guess. Another advantage is that it shows the examiner more cares about the student’s ability to put facts together into a meaningful whole. It should show how deeply he has thought about the subject. Sometimes, though, essay tests have disadvantages, too. Some students are able to write rather good answers without really knowing much about the subject, while other students who actually know the material have trouble expressing their ideas in the essay form.
Besides, in an essay test the student’s score may depend upon the examiner’s feelings at the time of reading the answer. If he is feeling tired or bored, the student may receive a lower score than he should. Another examiner reading the same answer might give it a much higher mark. Because of this, the objective test gives each student a fairer chance, and of course it is easier and quicker to score.
Whether an objective test or an essay test is used, problems arise. When some objective questions are used along with some essay questions, however, a fairly clear picture of the student’s knowledge can usually be gotten.What may have been discussed in the previous paragraphs?
| A．The essay test. | B．How teachers test their students. |
| C．How students write their essays. | D．The objective test. |
The essay test is preferred because ______.
| A．it shows more about the student’s understanding of the subject |
| B．it tests the student’s knowledge of the material as well as his expression of ideas |
| C．it gives each student a fairer chance |
| D．its scoring may be influenced by the examiner’s feelings |
The underlined word “this” refers to the fact that ______.
| A．students may receive a lower score in an essay test |
| B．another examiner usually gives the answer a higher mark |
| C．different examiners may give the same essay different scores |
| D．the objective test gives each student a fairer chance |
According to the passage, which of the following statements about the objective test is NOT true?
| A．It is more objective than the essay test in terms of scoring. |
| B．It allows the student to guess the correct answer without really knowing the material. |
| C．It shows the student’s ability to think about difficult problems. |
| D．It is easy and quick to score. |
Meeting people from another culture can be difficult. From the beginning, people may send the wrong signal (信号). Or they may pay no attention to signals from another person who is trying to develop a relationship.
Different cultures emphasize (强调) the importance of relationship building to a greater or lesser degree. For example, business in some countries is not possible until there is a relationship of trust. Even with people at work, it is necessary to spend a lot of time in "small talk", usually over a glass of tea, before they do any job. In many European countries -- like the UK or France -- people find it easier to build up a lasting working relationship at restaurants or caf6s rather than at the office.
Talk and silence may also be different in some cultures. I once made a speech in Thailand. I had expected my speech to be a success and start a lively discussion; instead there was an uncomfortable silence. The people present just stared at me and smiled. After getting to know their ways better, I realized that they thought I was talking too much. In my own culture, we express meaning mainly through words, but people there sometimes feel too many words are unnecessary.
Even within Northern Europe, cultural differences can cause serious problems. Certainly, English and German cultures share similar values; however, Germans prefer to get down to business more quickly. We think that they are rude. In fact, this is just because one culture starts discussions and makes decisions more quickly.
People from different parts of the world have different values, and sometimes these values are quite against each other. However, if we can understand them better, a multicultural environment (多元文化环境) will offer a wonderful chance for us to learn from each other. In some countries, eating together at restaurants may make it easier for people to _______.
| A．develop closer relations | B．share the same culture |
| C．get to know each other | D．keep each other company |
The author mentions his experience in Thailand to show that _________.
| A．the English prefer to make long speeches |
| B．too many words are of no use |
| C．people from Thailand are quiet and shy by nature |
| D．even talk and silence can be culturally different |
According to the text, how can people from different cultures understand each other better?
| A．By sharing different ways of life. | B．By accepting different habits. |
| C．By recognizing different values. | D．By speaking each other' s languages. |
What would be the best title for the text?
| A．Multicultural Environment. | B．Cross-Cultural Differences. |
| C．How to Understand Each Other. | D．How to Build Up a Relationship. |
Tell a story and tell it well, and you may open wide the eyes of a child, open up lines of communication in a business, or even open people’s mind to another culture or race.
People in many places are digging up the old folk stories and the messages in them. For example, most American storytellers get their tales from a wide variety of sources, cultures, and times. They regard storytelling not only as a useful tool in child education, but also as a meaningful activity that helps adults understand themselves as well as those whose culture may be very different from their own.
“ Most local stories are based on a larger theme,” American storyteller Opalanga Pugh says, “ Cinderella(灰姑娘), or the central idea of a good child protected by her goodness, appears in various forms in almost every culture of the world.”
Working with students in schools, Pugh helps them understand their own cultures and the general messages of the stories. She works with prisoner too, helping them knowing who they are by telling stories that her listeners can write, direct, and act in their own lives. If they don’t like the story they are living, they can rewrite the story. Pugh also works to help open up lines of communication between managers and workers. “For every advance in business,” she says, “ there is a greater need for communication.” Storytelling can have a great effect on either side of the manager-worker relationship, she says.
Pugh spent several years in Nigeria, where she learned how closely storytelling was linked to the everyday life of the people there. The benefits of storytelling are found everywhere, she says.
“I learned how people used stories to spread their culture,” she says, “ What I do is to focus on the value of the stories that people can translate into their own daily world of affairs. We are all storytellers. We all have a story to tell. We tell everybody’s story.”What do we learn about American storyteller from Paragraph 2?
| A．They share the same way of storytelling. |
| B．They prefer to tell the stories from other cultures. |
| C．They learn their stories from the American natives. |
| D．They find storytelling useful for both children and adults. |
The underlined sentence (Paragraph 4) suggests that prisoners can _____.
| A．start a new life | B．settle down in another place |
| C．direct films | D．become good actors |
Pugh has practised storytelling with _____ groups of people.
| A．2 | B．3 | C．4 | D．5 |
What is the main idea of the text?
| A．Storytelling can influence the way people think. |
| B．Storytelling is vital to the growth of business. |
| C．Storytelling is the best way to educate children in school. |
| D．Storytelling helps people understand themselves and others. |