A microscope is a useful instrument for observing small objects. By producing a bigger image, the microscope reveals details that are undetectable to the naked eye(裸眼).
Before using the microscope, please read the instructions below.
CAUTION: Microscopes are both delicate and expensive and must be handled with care.
1. Always carry the microscope with two hands — one supporting the base and the other on the arm.
2. Avoid stretching the wire of the lamp across a walkway.
3. Keep the stage clean and always use a glass slide for specimens(样本).
4. To avoid crushing the glass slide when focusing, begin with the lens close to the specimen and gradually back off to focus.
5. Keep the microscope covered to prevent the dust while it is being stored.
HOW TO USE THE MICROSCOPE:
1. Plug(接通电源) in the lamp.
2. Place a sample of what you wish to observe on a slide.
3. Adjust the mirror so it reflects light from the room up into the objective lens. When the mirror is correctly adjusted, a complete circle of light iwll appear when you look through the eyepiece.
4. Place your slide with the specimen directly over the center of the glass circle on teh stage. If it is a wet slide, be sure the bottom of the slide is dry.
5. With the LOW POWER objective leans placed over the slide, use the coarse focus knob to lower the lens to the lowest point.
6. Look through the eyepiece with one eye while closing the other eye. Slowly raise the lens until teh focus is relatively clear.
7. Use the fine focus knob to fine -tune(微调)the focus.
8. Without changing the focus knobs, switch to the HIGH POWER objective lens. Once you have switched to HIGH POWER, use only the fine focus knob to make the image sharper.Which of the following is the correct way to use a microscope according to the text?
| A．Use one hand to carry the microscope |
| B．Place a sample directly on the clean stage |
| C．When stored, the microscope should be adjusted. |
| D．Look through the eyepiece with one eye. |
If you want to observe a thin piece of hair, which of the following should you do first.?
| A．Switch to objective lens. | B．Adjust the mirror. |
| C．Look through the eyepiece. | D．Place the hair on a glass slide. |
According to the text, you could see a complete circle of light _____.
| A．after correctly adjusting the mirror |
| B．while looking at the specimen on a glass slide |
| C．after slowly raising the objective lens |
| D．before positioning the mirror correctly |
Fashion refers to the styles of dress that are currently popular. Fashion goes beyond just clothes, though. It’s important for some people to wear only the latest fashions and styles. For others, though, keeping up with trends (潮流) isn’t that important. The one thing that stays the same with fashion is this: it always changes!
In the 1960s and 1970s, hippies made bell-bottomed blue jeans popular. In the 1980s, Michael Jackson made parachute pants all the fashion. Now try to find these items in today’s clothing stores!
Why do fashions change? The answer is probably as simple as the fact that people change. Over time, the new replaces the old. People are influenced greatly by popular culture, including athletes, musicians, movie stars, as well as popular films, televisions shows, books and music. We are also influenced by the fashion industry’s advertising.
The stars of popular culture are always searching for a new angle to maintain (保持) their popularity. Often these new angles come in the form of new clothing or hairstyles. When people see these new styles, they often want to imitate their favorite stars. To do so, they seek out the latest fashions to make themselves look like the people they want to imitate. In this way, fashions evolve and change over time.
For years, clothes have been used to separate people into groups. Even today, brand-name clothing that is more expensive than other types of clothing can be used by some people to distinguish themselves from others. Unfortunately, this can often have the effect of distancing certain groups from others.
Don’t forget that it’s always OK to develop your own sense of style that is unique and separate from what the fashion world determines! Stay true to yourself and let your personality — not your clothes — speak for who you are. The examples of bell-bottomed blue jeans and parachute pants in Paragraph 3 are used to show that _______.
| A．people often have different dressing styles |
| B．trends of fashion are changing all the time |
| C．people are always affected greatly by the stars |
| D．hippies and Michael Jackson are good designers |
Fashion change mainly because _______.
| A．new films and shows replace the old |
| B．movie stars are changing over time |
| C．popular culture influences people |
| D．advertisements change rapidly |
We can learn from the text that _______.
| A．clothes may separate and distance people |
| B．people like imitating others’ dressing style |
| C．the author has clearly gone out of fashion |
| D．fashion is all about clothes people wear |
In the last paragraph, the author mainly wants to stress _______.
| A．the advantages of staying unique and separate |
| B．the bad effects of following fashions and styles |
| C．the good benefits of popular styles to people |
| D．the importance of having one’s own personality |
Thousands of objects have been on display in The National Air and Space Museum in Washington, DC, including the 1903 Wright Flyer, Charles Lindbergh’s Spirit of St. Louis, the Apollo 11 Command Module Columbia, and a lunar rock you can touch. In addition to our exhibition galleries, you may want to visit the Albert Einstein Planetarium, Lockheed Martin IMAX Theater, and the Public Observatory on the east end. There are many things to do at the Museum in DC. We offer daily tours and educational activities for both children and adults. We also have scheduled lectures and events throughout the year.
Hours & Admission: Open every day except December 25. Admission is free.
Regular Hours: 10: 00 am to 5: 30 pm
Extended Hours: 10: 00 am to 7: 30 pm
December 26—30, 2014.
March 30—April 20, 2015.
Fridays and Saturdays, April 24—May 16, 2015.
May 17—September 7, 2015.
VISITING TIPS:
Limit the Number of Bags: All visitors are screened through metal detectors upon entry. The fewer items you bring inside the Museum, the faster your entry. Before you visit, please review the list of prohibited items, which include pocket knives and tripods (三脚架). Visitors carrying prohibited items will not be allowed inside the Museum, so please leave them at home or in your car.
No Food and Drink: Only bottled water is permitted in the Museum. You may only consume food and other drinks in the Food Court, not in the Museum. Groups who bring food are encouraged to picnic on the National Mall.
Please Take Photos: You are welcome to take photos for personal use. However, tripods and monopods (单脚架) are not permitted without approval.
First Aid: The Museum has a First Aid office and a nurse on duty. Please contact the nearest security officer or the Welcome Center for assistance.
Visit the Welcome Center:
At our Welcome Center in the South Lobby, staff and volunteers can answer any questions you have during your visit.
Open 10: 00 am to 5: 30 pm
Phone: 202-633-2214
E-mail: NASM-Visitor Services@ si.eduAccording to the passage, the National Air and Space Museum is a museum _______.
| A．where only adults can take part in activities |
| B．which anyone can visit without buying tickets |
| C．where one can touch anything that he likes |
| D．which anyone can visit without time limits |
If you plan to visit the Museum at 6: 00 pm, it is possible on _______.
| A．December 24, 2014 | B．March 1, 2015 |
| C．July 6, 2015 | D．September 15, 2015 |
The purpose of this passage is to _______.
| A．make an advertisement for the museum |
| B．encourage adults to bring their children there |
| C．show what is on display in the museum |
| D．attract people to explore the universe |
Eve was waiting in the corridor outside her class. She was feeling sick. She had two exams that day and physics was first. She really hated physics. It was her worst subject. Lisa looked back at her, and then looked away quickly. Eve thought she looked guilty. She didn't have a problem with physics. She didn't have a problem with anything... Miss Perfect!
“Hi, Eve! So what's wrong with you and Lisa?” asked Tina, “I thought you were friends.” “Yes, so did I,” said Eve. “But she hasn't spoken to me for two weeks now. She promised to help me review for the physics exam too, but then she’s ignored all my calls and texts.”
While in the exam, Eve found Lisa was holding her phone on her knee under the table and reading from it. Eve couldn’t believe it! Is that how Lisa always got such good grades? She thought about telling the teacher, but she hesitated. The next exam was history. That was Eve’s favorite subject but she couldn't concentrate. She didn't know what to do about Lisa. Just then, Mr. Reed, their teacher, walked past. “Mr. Reed…”
Lisa was called to the teachers’ office and there waited Mr. Reed…
The history test was over. Eve was walking towards the school gate when she heard footsteps behind her. It was Lisa. Eve could see that she had been crying. “Listen,” said Lisa. “I'm really sorry I haven’t answered your calls, but my dad had a heart attack two weeks ago and he’s in hospital. He had a big heart operation today and I was very worried about him. So I was reading texts from my mum, but Mr. Reed caught me. He thought I was cheating. He believes me now, but I have to take the exam again. I’m sorry I didn’t tell you what was happening. Will you forgive me?” The reason for Eve’s feeling sick is most probably that _______.
| A．she found Lisa was looking back at her |
| B．she had to take two exams within one day |
| C．she was worried about the physics exam |
| D．she had been waiting for too long a time |
Lisa didn't help Eve review for the physics exam because _______.
| A．she had to look after her sick father |
| B．she herself was quite bad at physics |
| C．she didn't consider Eve as a true friend |
| D．she was selfish and hated to waste time |
At the end of the story Eve probably felt _______.
| A．confident and optimistic | B．regretful and sorry |
| C．sad and angry | D．glad and inspired |
What lesson can we learn from this passage?
| A．A friend in need is a friend indeed. |
| B．A life without a friend is a life without sun. |
| C．Old friends and old wines are the best. |
| D．Friendship should be based on trust. |
The playwright George Bernard Shaw once said humorously, “England and America are two nations divided by a common language. If he were writing today, he might add ‘divided by a common technology--- e-mail’”.
Two completely different styles of e-mail have formed on either side of the Atlantic-Euromail and Amerimail. Americail is informal and chatty. It’s likely to begin with a “Hi” and end with a “Bye”. The chances of Amerimail containing a smiley face or an “xoxo” are disturbingly high. We Americans are unwilling to dive into the meat of an e-mail. We feel we have to first inform recipients (收信人) about our vacation on the island which was really excellent except the jellyfish were biting and the kids caught a cold, so we had to skip the whale watching trip, then about that investors（投资者）’ meeting in New York. Amerimail is a bundle of contradictions, casual and yet direct, respectful yet over proud. In other words, Amerimail is America.
Euromail is stiff and cold often beginning with a formal “Dear Mr. X” and ending with a simple “Sincerely”. You won’t find any mention of kids or the weather or jellyfish in Euromail. It’s all business. It’s also slow. Your correspondent might take days even weeks to answer a message. Euromail is exactly like the Europeans themselves.
Recently about 100 managers were asked on both sides of the Atlantic whether they noticed differences in e-mail styles. Most said yes. Here are a few of their observations:
“Americans tend to write (e-mail) exactly as they speak.”
“Why don’t you just call me instead of writing five e-mails back and forth?”
“Europeans are less interested in checking e-mail”.
“In general, Americans are much more responsive to e-mail—they respond faster and provide more information.”
So which is better, Euromail or Amerimail? I realized it’s not popular these days to suggest we have anything to learn from Europeans, but I’m fed up with an inbox filled with casual, barely meaningful e-mails from friends and colleagues. If the alternative is a few earnestly written, carefully worded bits of Euromail, then I say, “Bring it on.”What did George Bernard Shaw mean by saying “England and America are two nations divided by a common language”?
| A．There is sharp difference between England and America despite their common language. |
| B．Both England and America speak the common language, so they are much the same. |
| C．Either England or America is a divided nation, though they share a common language. |
| D．There is not much difference between British English and American English. |
Which of the following is most likely to be the “meat” of an Amerimail?
| A．The jellyfish were biting. |
| B．We had an excellent vacation on the island. |
| C．We were to attend the investors’ meeting in New York. |
| D．We had to skip the whale watching trip. |
On receiving an e-mail, Europeans tend to __________.
| A．respond to it immediately and earnestly |
| B．never respond to it all |
| C．respond by calling up their correspondent |
| D．take more time than Americans to respond to it |
What are characteristics of Amerimail?
| A．Stiff and cold |
| B．Casual and indirect |
| C．Informal and chatty |
| D．Formal and direct |
We can conclude from the passage that __________.
| A．the different e-mail styles do much harm to the relationship between the two sides on Atlantic |
| B．the writer doesn’t like either e-mail style as both have their own shortcomings |
| C．Euromail always impresses the writer as something more pleasant to read |
| D．Amerimail is more appreciated by the writer for being informative and casually written |
Attitude isn’t quite everything when it comes to being successful, but attitude plays a part in every stage of your life. A poor attitude gets more people fired than any other single factor, and a good attitude gets people jobs and helps them keep those jobs more than any other factor.
Your attitude affects many people, from your family to the stranger on the street corner. Your attitude is particularly important when you face seemingly hopeless situations. Losing a job or a friend because of a poor attitude is unfortunate—especially because a bad attitude can be fixed.
You can find at least two ways to look at everything. A pessimist looks for difficulty in the opportunity, while an optimist looks for opportunity in the difficulty. A poet of long ago put the difference between optimism and pessimism(悲观主义) this way: two men looked out of the prison bars—one saw mud while the other saw stars.
Unfortunately, many people look only at the problem and not at the opportunity that lies within the problem. Many employees complain about the difficulty of their jobs, for example, not realizing that if the job was simple, the employer would hire someone with less ability at a lower wage. A small coin can hide even the sun if you hold the coin close enough to your eye. So when you get too close to your problems, to think objectively(客观地) about them, try to keep in mind how your vision（视觉）can be obstructed. Take a step back, and look at the situation from a new angle.
You can’t do anything to change the fact that a problem exists, but you can do a great deal to find the opportunity within that problem. You’re guaranteed a better tomorrow by doing your best today and developing a plan of action for the tomorrows that lie ahead. Just remember to maintain a positive mental attitude.What does the author mean by saying the first sentence in Paragraph 1?
| A．If you have a good attitude, you will be successful. |
| B．Your attitude makes a great influence on your life. |
| C．Your attitude has nothing to do with your success. |
| D．Your success is very important to your life. |
In Paragraph 3, the writer shows us ________.
| A．two ways to look at everything |
| B．the ways to look for opportunity |
| C．the explanation of pessimist and optimist |
| D．the ways to look out from prison bars |
The writer mentions the example of many employees in Paragraph 4 to tell people to ______.
| A．ignore the problem |
| B．make their jobs easy to do |
| C．wait for the problem to be solved |
| D．look for opportunity in the problem |
The underlined word “obstructed” in Paragraph 4 probably means ________.
| A．dropped | B．blocked | C．improved | D．shared |
Who can be the target(目标) readers of the passage？
| A．teachers | B．students | C．bosses | D．Officers |