根据短文内容，从下框的选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余项。
| A. Know your introduction and your conclusion. B. Channel your nervous energy. C. Know your audience. D. Use deep-breathing techniques. E. Be prepared F. Select an appropriate topic. |
How you calm yourself before giving a speech? Both modern research and centuries of experience from experienced public speakers suggest some practical advice._____
Know to whom you’ll be speaking, and learn as much about your audience as you can. The more you can anticipate the kind of reaction your listeners will have to your speech, the more comfortable you’ll be in delivering your message. Be audience-centered rather than speaker-centered._____
You will feel less nervous if you talk about something you are familiar with or have some personal experience of. Your comfort with the subject of the speech will be reflected in your delivery._____
The better prepared you are, the less anxiety you will experience. Being prepared means that you have researched your topic and practiced your speech several times before you deliver it._____
You are likely to feel the most anxious during the opening moments of your speech. Therefore, it is a good idea to have a clear plan for how you will start your speech. Being familiar with your introduction will help you feel more comfortable about the entire speech. If you know how you will end your speech, you will have a safe harbour in case you lose your place. If you need to end your speech ahead of time, a well-delivered conclusion can permit you to make a graceful exit._____
One of the symptoms(症状) of nervousness is a change in your breathing and heart rates. Nervous speakers tend to take short, shallow breaths. To help break the anxiety—reduce breathing pattern, consider taking a few slow deep breaths before you rise to speak.
Attitudes Wired in Happy and Successful Brains
I’ve carefully examined happy and successful people from all different professions —actors, scientists, comedians, musicians, etc. They share very similar philosophies. Here are some of the fundamental attitudes and beliefs that contribute to their happiness and success:
◆ ①
This is one of the most commonly recited mottos in self-improvement. Individuals who see their mistakes and failures as a learning experience are much more prone to happiness and success.
When we adopt the belief that “failure is a part of learning,” we become more resilient and courageous in the face of new challenges.
Instead of avoiding situations where we may embarrass ourselves, we embrace these challenges in life, even when we know they can be risky and painful. When we do fail, we don’t see it as the end of the world, but a point to improve upon.
◆ ②
Many people are great at finding problems and being critical about their lives; however, they do this without ever suggesting a possible solution or alternative to their situation.
They complain about this and that, but they never take an active role to actually improve these things. They focus on problems not to learn from them or fix them, but to make excuses for why their lives are miserable and unpleasant.
I believe acknowledging problems in life is important. I don’t recommend that we ignore things in our life that disturb us or make us unhappy. However, it’s also important to think of ways we can actually respond to these problems and change our circumstances.
Ruminating over problems in our life without a plan to take action is not only a waste of time, but it makes us even more sad and depressed. If you’re going to be critical about something in your life, focus on the ways you can actually make a difference.
◆ ③
Happy and successful people are incredibly grateful for their lives and everything they have: their relationships, their home, their job, their possessions, their talents, their achievements, etc.
Although successful people are often thought of as always hungry and striving – always trying to improve things, achieve their goals, and make things better – this inner drive doesn’t take away from the fact they are very happy and content with their lives.
Gratitude is an irreplaceable characteristic of true happiness and success. Even if we achieve great things in life, without gratitude we often find ourselves empty and discontent. Make sure you take the time to reflect on how lucky you are as a person (I believe everyone can find something to be grateful for).
◆ ④
Happy and successful individuals know that we can learn a lot from other happy and successful individuals. Having peopled to look up to is a great resource for learning the beliefs and habits that contribute to other people’s success, and then modeling those beliefs and habits in our own lives.
If you want to improve a particular area of your life, then find a couple of people who already excel in that area of life. Study them. Ask them questions. Have them show you their technique and share their stories.
The more willing you are to learn from others, the more successful you will be. Talking and listening to others is one of the best ways to get more perspective into what you want to improve in life — and how you can do it.
Please add a comment at the bottom of this page or blog in our forum here. Please do not use apostrophes in your comments.What does the underlined word “resilient” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
| A．depressed | B．regretful |
| C．romantic | D．flexible |
The author thinks if one merely focuses on problems, he’ll ________.
| A．find out a way to solve problems |
| B．ignore complaints about problems |
| C．use the problems as his excuses |
| D．acknowledge and solve problems |
People with gratitude ________.
| A．feel satisfied with his life |
| B．stop struggling in life |
| C．owe success to their own talents |
| D．reflect on their achievements |
The successful people may possess the following attitudes EXCEPT ________.
| A．gratitude and belief |
| B．courage and risk |
| C．willingness and luckiness |
| D．fortune and convention |
Choose the following sub-headings for Parts ①②③ and ④.
a. Learn from othersb. Show your gratitude
c. Focus on solutionsd. Learn from failure
| A．a b c d | B．d c b a |
| C．d a b c | D．a c b d |
Which of the following can be used to support the concept “Show your gratitude”？
| A．“He is a wise man who does not sigh for the things which he has not, but appreciates forthose which he has.” — Epictetus |
| B．“We think too small. Like the frog at the bottom of the well. He thinks the sky is only asbig as the top of the well. If he surfaced, he would have an entirely different view.” — Mao Tse-Tung |
| C．“Keep away from people who try to belittle your ambitions. Small people always do that, butthe really great make you feel that you, too, can become great.” — Mark Twain |
| D．“Failure is the foundation of success, and the means by which it is achieved. Success is the hiding-place of failure; but who can tell when the turning-point will come?” |
— Lao Tzu
Realizing your dreams is not a matter of possibility; it’s a matter of motivating yourself to focus on the right things．You know you should be doing something, but sometimes you just don’t feel like doing anything．This discouraging situation can last a long time if you don’t head it off and take action．Here are some daily motivation tricks that might work for you.________
This is by far the most important tip in this article, because in the end, all of the other tips in the world won’t make as much of a difference as this simple and timeless instruction: Sit down and get a move on! Do you feel the push-back of laziness? Reading more about motivation won’t help．Reviewing your to-do lists won’t help．Only doing actually helps get everything going．So stop thinking about how hard the task is going to be or how long it’s going to take you．Not starting is failing．Tell yourself, “As soon as I get going, I’ll feel more motivated.” And you’ll realize it’s not nearly as hard as you thought it would be.________
Be aware of your self-talk and stay confident．You have the choice to replace negative self-talk with a more encouraging and friendly voice．A voice that will consider your aim as not just a possibility, but a probability; A voice that does not look at the possibility of success before taking action, but rather uses self-belief as its driving force; A voice that all things are possible to those who commit to their dream.
Tell yourself over and over again that you can do it．See what effect it has．Persist with this kind of positivity and eventually you’ll feel better about whatever it is you want to get done, and you’ll even start to fool yourself into believing it’s true._______
There is no better way to recharge yourself for improvement than spending time with someone who motivates you．They are smart and can always encourage you to be better．Study their qualities．Study their habits．Surround yourself with them, talk to them, learn from them; they are already living and producing results at a level you admire and expect to．Compare stories, successes and failures．Let their inner light guide you.________
You have made so much progress, you just don’t realize it．Open your eyes and give yourself credit for all that you have done．Think about it．Write down your past successes．Consider using a journal to keep track of them．You’ll probably be pleasantly surprised when you review your results．It’s a great motivator to see how much you have improved and how far you have come．Be happy with your progress and move on.________
Do not judge unsuccessful attempts and mistakes as an indication of your future potential, but as part of the growth process．Something does not have to end well for it to have been one of the most valuable experiences of a lifetime．When times get tough, take a deep breath, and know that most great things come when you least expect it．Being defeated is a temporary condition; giving up is what makes it permanent．And most people that gave up didn’t realize how close they were to success．Push through!
| A．Get started! |
| B．Forget your failures. |
| C．Find and use your positive voice. |
| D．Think about how far you have come. |
E．Spend time with people who inspire you.
F．Accept failure as a positive learning experience.
A．How inner beliefs can help
B．Why are habits so important
C．How to develop positive habits
D．Improve your life
E．You can do it
F．Action plan
The single most important factor that contributes to success is what you do every single day．It is as simple as that．Your habits will determine whether you are successful or not．If you have strong and healthy positive habits，it does not matter whether or not you fail today because you are guaranteed to succeed in the long run．_________________________________
Because you repeat the same actions and the same behaviors every single day，a single positive action will not change your life，but the same action repeated 1,000 times will have a significant impact on your life．For example，if you go to the gym one time，you won’t see a big difference in your life．However，if you go to the gym 1,000 times over a five year period，you will see a big difference in your body．The same principle applies to finance，health，relationships，work，career，and school．Simple positive actions repeated every single day will have a great impact on your life in the long run．_________________________________
There’s nothing easier than developing positive habits．You simply have to do every single day the action you want to make a habit．If you want to develop the habit of running，run almost every day．If you want to develop the habit of eating healthy，eat healthy every day．If you want to develop the habit of reading，read every day．Habits are created by repetition．The more you do an action，the easier it becomes in the long run．________________________________
If you want to be successful in changing your habits，you should think about changing your inner beliefs about your habits．For example，your old belief was: “I love cigarette because it makes me feel good and relaxed．I need cigarette to be happy and relaxed．”If you keep this belief，you won’t be able to keep your resolution to stop smoking for very long．Instead，you should adopt this new belief: “I love yoga because it makes me feel good and relaxed．Cigarette is poisonous and destroys my body．Yoga makes me happy．” You should analyze your beliefs and make sure they won’t stop you from changing your habits．The same is true when you try to form positive habits．If you want to start eating healthy food，here are some positive beliefs you should start thinking about: “Healthy food is very good for my health．It gives me a lot of energy and I feel very good．”___________________________________
It’s now time for you to develop positive habits in your life and avoid your negative habits．Write down 3 positive habits that you would like to develop and 3 negative habits that you would like to get rid of．For each positive habit，write down exactly what actions you’re going to take every single day in order to develop the new habit．For each negative habit，write down exactly what actions you’re not going to take in the next weeks．Here are some positive habits that will lead to success: exercise，healthy food，reading，saving，studying，healthy relationships，hard work，etc．Here are some negative habits to get rid of: gambling，drug and alcohol abuse，overeating，shyness，etc．___________________________________
Everybody can change．All it takes is courage and commitment．Decide right now to improve your life by changing your habits．Take action right now！Don’t be afraid．Yes，you will probably make mistakes along the way．But never forget that success is guaranteed for you if you have positive habits in your life．If you refuse to quit，success will be yours．
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many people admit that they aren't prepared financially for life's unexpected challenges and emergencies. If your New Year's decision is to become more financially prepared for a“rainy day”the following tips are helpful for you to save,
Start saving now.
Set specific savings goals and break them down to a set dollar amount to save each paycheck. Save at least a small portion of each paycheck and remain committed to saving, and then look for ways each month to increase the amount.
One of the simplest ways to find money to put toward your rainy day fund is to keep a close eye on where your money is being spent. For two or three months, try keeping track of every expense, including small ones. Once you have a better idea of where your money is going, make a budget that includes a spending and savings plan.
Make saving automatic. If your goal is to save $5,000 this year, calculate the amount you'll need to save from each paycheck, then arrange to have it automatically saved into your savings account each time you get paid. Visit your bank branch and ask a banker if you can set up automatic transfers into your savings account.
Go on a spending diet.
Avoid spending any money on non-essentials for 30 days and challenge yourselfto save as much as you can to put toward your rainy clay fund. Then make a list and determine not to spend on these items for one month,
| A．Track your spending. |
| B．Put your savings to work. |
| C．Do remember: Actions always speak louder than words. |
| D．The important thing is to start saving now, no matter how little. |
E. Treat your rainy day account like you'd treat any other financial obligation（债务).
F. Review your budget at the end of every month and determine if your spending is in line with your p1an.
G. Review your budget and identify extra or non-essential expenses, such as eating out, shopping. entertainment, etc.
根据短文内容，从选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中两项为多余选项。
A good book can be satisfying. If reading is a habit you’d like to get into, there are some ways to develop it.
Realize that reading is enjoyable if you have a good book. If you have a difficult book and you are forcing yourself through it, it will seem like a task. _____
Set time. You should have some time during every day when you’ll read for at least 5 to 10 minutes. ______ For example, make it a habit to read during breakfast and lunch and even dinner if you eat alone.
Always carry a book. ______When I leave the house, I always make sure to have my car keys and one book at hand. The book stays with me in the car, and I take it into the office and to appointments and pretty much everywhere I go.
_____ Find a place in your home where you can sit in a comfortable chair. Don’t lie down unless you’re going to sleep. There shouldn’t be a television or a computer near the chair, and no music or no noisy family members/ roommates. If you don’t have a place like this, create one.
Reduce television/ the Internet. If you really want to read more, try cutting back on time on TV or the Internet. _____But remember: every minute you reduce of the Internet/ TV, you could use for reading. This could create hours of book reading time.
| A．Wherever you go, take a book with you. |
| B．Go to bookstores. |
| C．Have some good tea or coffee while you read. |
| D．Find a quiet place. |
E. This may be difficult for some people.
F. If this happens, give up the book and find another one that you’ll really love.
G. It means you will read no matter how busy you are.