Adults are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practised in the meantime. A man who has not had an opportunity to go swimming for years can 1 swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water. He can get on a bicycle after several decades and still 2 away. A mother who has not 3 the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins "Twinkle, twinkle, little star" or recite the story of Cinderella or Snow White.
One explanation is the law of over learning, which can be stated as following: 4 we have learned something, additional learning increases the 5 of time we will remember it.
In childhood, we usually continue to practise such skills as swimming, bicycle riding long after we have learned them. We continue to listen to and 6 ourselves of poems such as "Twinkle, twinkle, little star" and childhood tales such as Cinderella or Snow White. We not only learn but __7 .
The law of over learning explains why cramming (突击学习) for an examination, 8 it may result in a passing grade, is not a 9 way to learn a school course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned. A little over learning, 10 , is usually a good investment toward the future.
A．only B．still C．hardly D．even
A．move B．ride C．travel D．drive
A．showed up B．cared for C．thought about D．brought up
A．Once B．Before C．Until D．Unless
A．warm B．inform C．remind D．recall
A．recite B．research C．overlearn D．improve
A．so B．though C．if D．after
A．satisfactory B．demanding C．convenient D．swift
A．at most B．on the other hand C．by the way D．in the end
Five steps to take if your child is being bullied
51The worst thing you can do is ignore it. Too often parents feel children and teens need to “work things out” on their own. If the problem is ignored, your child’s self-esteem will become unhealthy, he will be hurt mentally or physically, and he could become a bully himself.
Here are five steps you can take if your child is having problems with a bully:
52This is an important first step and will help your child trust that you are able to help him with his problem. Accept what he has to say at face value by using your active listening skills.
Let your child know that he is not alone. 53Reassure your child that he is not the problem. Nothing he did caused the bully to go after him.
If your child is being threatened in a physical or illegal way at school, report the problem. Your child may not want you to do this, or the school may not take it seriously, but violence cannot be tolerated. 54You will need to model assertive (果断的) behavior by alerting those in charge where the bullying is taking place.
Teach your child assertive behavior and how to ignore routine teasing. Let them know it is okay to say “No.” sometimes even friends bully, so letting your child know they can be true to their own feelings and say “No” can go a long way.
55Giving up possessions or giving in to a bully in anyway encourages the bully to continue. Identify ways for your child to respond to a bully---showing assertive but not aggressive behavior---and role-play them.
A．Believe what your child tells you. B．Encourage your child not to give in to a bully. C．Praise your child for being brave enough to talk about it. D．Bullying is a terrible situation for a child to have to cope with.
Everyone in business has been told that success is all about attracting and retaining(留住) customers. It sounds simple and achievable. But, 41 , words of wisdom are soon forgotten. Once companies have attracted customers they often 42 the second half of the story. In the excitement of beating off the competition, negotiating prices, securing orders, and delivering the product, managers 43 become carried away. They forget what they regard as the boring side of business--- 44 that the customer remains a customer.
45 to concentrate on retaining as well as attracting customers costs business huge amounts of money annually. It has been estimated that the 46 company loses between 10 and 30 percent of its customers every year. In constantly changing 47 , this is not surprising. What is surprising is the fact that few companies have any idea how many customers they have lost.
Only now are organizations beginning to wake up to these lost opportunities and calculate the 48 implications. 49 the number of customers a company loses can make a big 50in its performance. Research in the US found that a five percent decrease in the number of defecting(流失的) customers led to 51 increases of between 25 and 85 percent.
In the US, Domino’s Pizza estimates that a regular customer is 52 more than five thousand dollars over ten years. A customer who receives a poor quality product or 53 on their first visit and 54 never returns, is losing the company thousands of dollars in55 profits (more if you consider how many people they are likely to tell about their bad experience).
The logic behind cultivating customer 56 is impossible to deny. “In practice most companies’ marketing effort is focused on getting customers, with little attention paid to 57 them”, says Adrian Payne of Cornfield University’s School of Management. “Research suggests that there is a close relationship between retaining customers and making profits. 58 customers tend to buy more, are predictable and usually cost less to service than new customers. Furthermore, they tend to be less price 59 , and may provide free word-of-mouth advertising. Retaining customers also makes it 60 for competitors to enter a market or increase their share of a market.”
A．in particular B．in reality C．at least D．first of all
A．emphasize B．doubt C．overlook D．believe
A．tend to B．contribute to C．appeal to D．devote to
A．denying B．ensuring C．arguing D．proving
A．Moving B．Hoping C．Starting D．Failing
A．average B．ordinary C．normal D．usual
A．markets B．tastes C．prices D．expenses
A．cultural B．social C．financial D．economical
A．Cutting up B．Cutting through C．Cutting in D．Cutting down
A．promise B．plan C．mistake D．difference
A．cost B．opportunity C．profit D．budget
A．worthy B．worth C．value D．price
A．service B．delivery C．order D．promotion
A．as a result B．on the whole C．in conclusion D．on the contrary
A．huge B．potential C．extra D．reasonable
A．beliefs B．loyalty C．interest D．habits
A．altering B．understanding C．keeping D．attracting
A．Established B．Assumed C．Respected D．Unexpected
A．Sensitive B．friendly C．flexible D．agreeable
A．unfair B．convenient C．difficult D．essential
I did very badly at school. My headmaster thought I was ____36____ and when I was 14 years old, he predicted, “You are never to be ____37____ but a failure.”
After 5 years of poor jobs, I fell in love with a very nice middle-class girl. It was the best thing ____38____ could have happened to me. I ____39____ I should do something positive with my life because I wanted to prove ___40___ her that what people said about me had gone ___41___, especially her mother, who once said to me, “Let’s ____42____ it. You’ve failed every thing you’ve ever done.” So I tried hard with my ____43____ and went to ____44____. My first novel ____45____ while I was still a college student.
After college, I taught during the day in high schools and attended ____46____ classes at London University, where I ____47____ a degree in history. I became a lecturer at a college and was thinking of ____48____ that job to write full time when I was ____49____ a part-time job at Leeds University. I began to feel proud of myself---here was a working-class boy who’d ___50___ school early, now teaching at the university.
My writing career ____51____ when I discovered my own writing ____52____. Now I’m rich and famous, have been on TV, and met lots of film stars. _____53____ what does it mean? I just wish that all those people who have ____54____ me down had just said, “I believe in you and you will be ____55____.”
A．naughty B．lazy C．useless D．raggy
A．when B．that C．which D．as
A．thought B．promised C．decided D．expected
A．to B．for C．with D．at
A．ridiculous B．acceptable C．believable D．wrong
A．see B．face C．treat D．react
A．writing B．experiment C．practice D．composition
A．school B．college C．club D．company
A．went across B．put aside C．came out D．set off
A．lecture B．writing C．teaching D．evening
A．received B．accepted C．gave D．offered
A．giving up B．paying for C．signing up D．ridding of
A．paid B．made C．offered D．tried
A．finished B．gone C．delayed D．left
A．made off B．took off C．gave off D．moved off
A．style B．habit C．idea D．skill
A．Therefore B．But C．Though D．For
A．written B．turned C．torn D．put
A．cheerful B．enjoyable C．successful D．forgettable
I tend to accept any idea put forward by experts on TV. One day, a sociologist(社会学家) proposed that the 36 society has been consuming modern humans little by little. For fear that I would become a victim of the consumer society, I 37 hurried to a bicycle shop in my neighborhood. 38 the shopkeeper Mr. Johnson was selling me the bicycle, he said, “This is the best thing you 39 have done. Life has become hopelessly 40 . A bicycle is simple, and it brings to you 41 things: fresh air, sunshine and exercise.” I agreed. Happy as a child, I got on the bicycle and headed out onto the streets. After some time, I 42 at the other end of the town. I was 43 that this simple vehicle could let me 44 long distances in a fairly short time. But how 45 did I really go?
Since I hated to be 46 , I went back to Mr. Johnson and asked him to 47 an odometer (里程表) on my bicycle. He agreed, but 48 , “An odometer without a speedometer (速度计) is like a 49 without a knife.” I admitted he was right and in a few minutes, the two devices (装置) were 50 to the handlebars of my bicycle. “What about a horn?” he then asked. “Look, this horn is no larger than a matchbox and has many 51 .” Attracted by these functions, I bought the horn.
“You can’t leave the back part 52 ,” noted Mr. Johnson. He fixed a metal box with buttons 53 the seat, and said, “Is there anything better than this oven(烤箱) when you feel 54 on your way? I can give you a special discount.” I was not strong enough to 55 the offer.
“I congratulate you once more; this is the best thing you could have done,” said Mr. Johnson in the end.
A．adult B．human C．consumer D．bachelor
A．eventually B．immediately C．reluctantly D．gratefully
A．Although B．Because C．As D．Unless
A．would B．should C．must D．could
A．boring B．complicated C．stressful D．tough
A．natural B．mysterious C．complex D．unique
A．gave up B．broke down C．calmed down D．ended up
A．amazed B．amused C．confused D．concerned
A．march B．drive C．cover D．measure
A．far B．long C．fast D．deep
A．unreliable B．impractical C．unprepared D．inaccurate
A．fix B．check C．repair D．lay
A．swore B．added C．replied D．concluded
A．pencil B．fork C．box D．cake
A．distributed B．converted C．applied D．attached
A．shapes B．sizes C．functions D．models
A．loose B．blank C．bare D．incomplete
A．beside B．before C．below D．behind
A．sick B．hungry C．hot D．thirsty
A．consider B．withdraw C．make D．resist
In the dining room of my grandfather’s house stood a massive grandfather clock. Meals in that dining room were a time for three 36 to become one. The table was always spread with 37 containing love as the main ingredient (成分). And that grandfather clock stood like an old family friend, watching over the 38 that was a part of our lives.
As a child, the old clock fascinated me. I 39 and listened to it during meals. Even more wonderful to me was my grandfather’s ritual (老习惯). He wound (上发条) that clock with a(n) 40 key carefully each day. I remember watching 41 my grandfather took the key from his pocket and opened the hidden door in the clock. He inserted the key and wound — not too much, nor too 42 . He never let that clock wind down and 43 . He showed us grandchildren how to open the door and let us each take 44 winding the key.
After my grandfather died, it was days after the funeral 45 I remembered the clock! The tears 46 freely when I entered the dining room. The clock stood there quiet.
Some time later, my grandmother gave me the key. The old house was 47 . No laughter over the dinner table, no ticking or chiming of the 48 — all was still. I took the key in my shaking hand and 49 the clock door. All of a sudden, I was a 50 again, watching my grandfather with his silver-white hair and blue eyes. He was there, 51 at me, at the secret of the clock's magic, at the key that held so much power.
I stood there, 52in thought for a long time. Then slowly and 53 I inserted the key and wound the clock. It sprang to life. Tick-tock, tick-tock, life and chimes were breathed into the dining room, into the house and into my 54 . With the movement of the hands of the clock, my grandfather55 again.
A．persons B．generations C．families D．stages
A．water B．soup C．rice D．food
A．embarrassment B．sorrow C．laughter D．depression
A．sang B．laughed C．ate D．watched
A．big B．special C．black D．ugly
A．since B．unless C．as D．until
A．little B．fast C．high D．hard
A．talk B．run C．break D．stop
A．turns B．trouble C．pains D．action
A．once B．when C．before D．that
A．exposed B．flowed C．expressed D．spread
A．cold B．different C．quiet D．full
A．table B．house C．door D．clock
A．locked B．opened C．turned D．closed
A．man B．father C．child D．god
A．winking B．shouting C．glaring D．glancing
A．lost B．lived C．missed D．interrupted
A．nervously B．excitedly C．steadily D．carefully
A．account B．heart C．anxiety D．pocket
A．died B．disappeared C．lived D．smiled