阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中 ，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Chinese writer Mo Yan has won the 2012 Nobel Prize in Literature, announced the Swedish Academy in Stockholm on Thursday．The win makes Mo Yan the first Chinese citizen to win the Nobel in its Ⅲ-year history．Informed of his win today, the author, who was having dinner at home, was “overjoyed and scared"．
Born in 1955 to parents who were farmers, Mo Yan－a pen name for Guan Moye，grew up in Gaomi in Shandong province in eastern China. At the age of 12, he left school to work, first in agriculture, later in a factory. In 1976 he joined the army and during this time began to study literature and writing．
He published his first book in 1981, but found literary success in 1987 with Hong Gaoliang Jiazu, which was successfully filmed in the same year, directed by famous Chinese director Zhang Yimou. In his writing, Mo Yan draws on his youthful experiences and on settings in the province of his birth and his works show the life of Chinese people as well as the country's unique culture and folk customs. Mo Yan is known as a prolific（多产的 ）writer. In addition to his novels, he has published many short stories and essays on various topics. Despite his social criticism, he is seen in his homeland as one of the most famous contemporary authors. Dozens of his works have been translated into English, French, Japanese and many other languages．
The awarding ceremony will be held on December 10．The winner will win a medal, a personal diploma and a cash award of about $l million．How did Mo Yan feel when he was told about the news?
| A．Excited and proud． | B． Happy and surprised． |
| C．Worried and cautious | D． Uncertain and shocked． |
Mo Yan developed his ability for writing when he was ．
| A．on a farm | B．in a factory | C．in a school | D．in the army |
One of Mo Yan's characteristics of writing is that he
| A．writes about topics he is familiar with |
| B．focuses on social problems in the country |
| C．describes his characters in a unique way |
| D．explains difficult matters in simple words |
What's the best title for this passage?
| A．How Mo Yan Gets Nobel Prize |
| B．An Introduction to Nobel Prize |
| C．Mo Yan Wins Nobel Prize in Literature |
| D．A World Famous Writer, Mo Yan |
Thousands of people in the world are a hundred years old － or more and certain parts of the world are famous for the long lives of their inhabitants: the Vilacamba Valley in Ecuador, and the home of the Hunzas in the Himalayas.
Why do so many people live to a healthy old age in certain parts of the world? What is the secret of their long lives? Three things seem to be very important: fresh air, fresh food and a simple way of life. People work near their homes in the clean mountain air instead of traveling long distances to work by bus, car or train. They do not sit all day in busy offices or factories, but work hard outdoors in the fields. They take more exercise and eat less food than people in the cities of the West. For years the Hunzas of the Himalayas did not need policemen, lawyers or doctors. There was no crime, no divorce and not much illness in their society. They were a happy, peaceful people, famous all over India for their long, healthy lives.
Do you want to live to a hundred years old? Here are some rules for success. First, live in the right place. Second, choose the right kind of job. Doctors, dentists and bus－drivers die young. Farmers, priests and orchestral conductors live much longer. If you are in the wrong kind of job, you can still improve your way of life.
An old man in the Caucasus was talking about his past life. “I was young then，” he said, as he described his 87th year. His secret was: “Think young and stay young.” An old woman from Missouri, the USA, gave this advice, “Drink a little whisky and some warm beer every day.” An English lady just said, “Take a cold bath every morning.” The shortest, simplest piece of advice came from Mr Jim Chapman, aged 103. “Just keep breathing，” he told reporters.Who is most likely to live a long life?
| A．A doctor. | B．A bus－driver. | C．A dentist. | D．An orchestral conductor. |
We can see from the passage that long－lived people avoid ______.
| A．working hard | B．drinking | C．eating too much | D．taking cold baths |
The passage indicates that we can change our ______ to live a long life.
| A．jobs | B．places of living | C．ways of living | D．ways of thinking |
What is mainly talked about in the last paragraph?
| A．Whose advice is the best. |
| B．Who is the most long－lived person in the world. |
| C．Lifestyles of long－lived people. |
| D．How long－lived people think of their life. |
In our life, we have rarely expressed our gratitude to the one who lived those years with us. In fact, we don't have to wait for anniversaries to thank the ones closest to us and the ones so easily overlooked. If I have learned anything about giving thanks, it is this: give it now! While your feeling of appreciation is alive and sincere, act on it. Saying thanks is such an easy way to add to the world's happiness.
Saying thanks not only brightens someone else's world, it brightens yours. If you're feeling left out, unloved or unappreciated, try reaching out to others. It may be just the medicine you need. Of course, there are times when you can't express gratitude immediately. In that case, don't let embarrassment sink you into silence and speak up the first time you have the chance.
Once a young minister, Mark Brian, was sent to a remote parish(教区)of Kwakiutl Indians in British Columbia. The Indians, he had been told, did not have a word for thank you. But Brian soon found that these people had unusual generosity. Instead of saying thanks, it is their custom to return every favor with a favor of their own, and every kindness with an equal or superior kindness. They do their thanks. I wonder if we had no words in our vocabulary for thank you, would we do a better job of communicating our gratitude? Would we be more responsive, more sensitive, more caring?
Thankfulness sets in motion a chain reaction that transforms people all around us－including ourselves. For no one ever misunderstands the melody(旋律)of a grateful heart. Its message is universal; its poems transcend(超越)all earthly barriers; its music touches the heaven.Who do we easily forget to express our thanks to according to the writer?
| A．Friends not meeting for a long time. | B．Former teachers and friends. |
| C．People we want to get close to. | D．Our family members and good friends. |
When we say something for what others do for us, it ______.
| A．benefits the people who do something for us |
| B．is good for both us and people who help us |
| C．wastes our and our friends' time at the same time |
| D．does harm to both us and people who help us |
What does the writer mean in the third paragraph?
| A．The only way to thank others is to express by your own words. |
| B．The best way to thank others is to do something for them. |
| C．We can thank people who help us in various ways. |
| D．We can thank people who help us in two ways. |
The way to make us feel happy is ______ when we think we ourselves are forgotten in the world.
| A．to help and appreciate others | B．to ask others to help us |
| C．to remind others of our helping them | D．to ask someone to help others |
Welcome to your future life!
You get up in the morning and look into the mirror.Your face is firm and younglooking.In 2035，medical technology is better than ever.Many people your age could live to be 150，so at 40，you're not old at all.And your parents just had an antiaging（抗衰老的） treatment.Now，all three of you look the same age!
You say to your shirt，“Turn red.” It changes from blue to red.In 2035，“smart clothes” contain particles（粒子） much smaller than the cells in your body.The particles can be programmed to change your clothes' color or pattern.
You walk into the kitchen.You pick up the milk，but a voice says，“You shouldn't drink that” Your fridge has read the chip （芯片） that contains information about the milk，and it knows the milk is old.In 2035，every article of food in the grocery store has such a chip.
It's time to go to work.In 2035，cars drive themselves.Just tell your “smart car” where to go.On the way，you can call a friend using your jacket sleeve.Such “smart technology” is all around you.
So will all these things come true？“For new technology to succeed，” says scientist Andrew Zolli，“it has to be so much better that it replaces what we have already.” The Internet is one example—what will be the next?We can learn from the text that in the future______
| A．people will never get old |
| B．everyone will look the same |
| C．red will be the most popular color |
| D．clothes will be able to change their pattern |
What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?
| A．Milk will be harmful to health. |
| B．More drinks will be available for sale. |
| C．Food in the grocery store will carry electronic information. |
| D．Milk in the grocery store will stay fresh much longer. |
Which of the following is mentioned in the text?
| A．Nothing can replace the Internet. |
| B．Fridges will know what people need. |
| C．Jacket sleeves can be used as a guide. |
| D．Cars will be able to drive automatically. |
What is the text mainly about?
| A．Food and clothing in 2035. |
| B．Future technology in everyday life. |
| C．Medical treatments of the future. |
| D．The reason for the success of new technology. |
What happens inside the skull of a soccer player who repeatedly heads a soccer ball? That question motivate a challenging new study of the brains of experienced players that has caused discussion and debate among soccer players, and some anxiety among those of us with soccer-playing children.
For the study, researchers at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York selected 34 adults，men and women. All of the volunteers had played soccer since childhood and now competed year-round in adult soccer leagues. Each filled out a detailed questionnaire developed especially for this study to determine how many times they had headed a soccer ball in the previous year, as well as whether they had experienced any known concussions（脑震荡）in the past.
Then the players completed computerized tests of their memory and other learning skills and had their brains scanned, using a complicated new MRI technique which can find structural changes in the brain that can’t be seen during most scans.
According to the data they presented at a Radiological Society of North America meeting last month，the researchers found that the players who had headed the ball more than about 1,100 times in the previous 12 months showed significant loss of white matter in parts of their brains involved with memory，attention and the processing of visual information, compared with players who had headed the ball fewer times.
This pattern of white matter loss is “similar to those seen in traumatic（外伤的）brain injury” , like that after a serious concussion, the researchers reported，even though only one of these players was reported to have ever experienced a conc ussion.
The players who had headed the ball about 1,100 times or more in the past year were also generally worse at recalling lists of words read to them, forgetting or fumbling the words far more often than players who had headed the ball less.The passage is most probably a _________________.
| A．news report | B．research report |
| C．story for soccer players | D．text for doctors |
From the passage we can conclude that frequent heading may have _________________.
| A．significant effect on one’s brain |
| B．little effect on one’s brain |
| C．nothing to do with the brain injury |
| D．one’s memory improved |
What is likely to be the cause of memory loss?
| A．Playing soccer frequently. | B．Tests of their memory. |
| C．White matter loss. | D．Information processing. |
The underlined word "fumbling" is closest in meaning to ________________.
| A．remembering | B．misunderstanding | C．recalling | D．missing |
Would the voice of Amanda Holden saying “your city had talent” encourage you to use a litter bin? Or maybe former Monty Python star Michael Palin telling you no one had expected “the Spanish bin-quisition”？
Organizers of a plan persuading celebrities（名人）to lend their voices to “talking bins”believe it can make a real difference to keeping Britain tidy. They hope that by using humor, they will succeed where fines and warnings have failed in keeping streets and parks clean.
A similar experiment in Sweden found a talking bin received nearly three times as much rubbish as an ordinary one because people were attracted by its quality of being new and unusual value.
Twenty-five specially adapted bins to be installed（安装）in the streets of London and Liverpool next month will use a sound card to play a themed message when litter is placed inside. For example，one near the Royal Opera House will play a “thank-you” message sung by Janis Kelly to the tune of Nessun Dorina. Bins installed in Liverpool will play Beatles-themed messages. For others，Britain’s Got Talent judge Holden is expected to record the message：“This is Amanda, and this city’s got talent.”
The campaign，entitled Bin Thinking, is being organized by art group Sing London. If successful，talking bins could become a familiar feature on Britain’s streets.
Colette Hiller, director of Sing London, said, “ The idea is to reward people in a small way for changing their behavior and raise awareness through a sense of fun.”What is the plan persuading celebrities to lend their voices to “talking bins” aimed at？
| A．Attracting passers’-by attention on celebrities. |
| B．Encouraging people to use the litter bins to keep Britain tidy. |
| C．Making fun of those who won’t keep the streets and parks clean. |
| D．Thanking people for cleaning the litter bins through a sense of fun. |
The following stars’ voices are to be lent to “talking bins” except_________________.
| A．Amanda Holder’ s | B．Michael Palin’s |
| C．Janis Kelly’s | D．Nessun Dorma' s |
We can infer from the text that_________________.
| A．children are most attracted by “talking bins” |
| B．different messages will be played due to different streets |
| C．Britain is the first city where the experiment on “talking bins” was made |
| D．“talking bins” might take the place of ordinary litter bins in Britain |
What would be the best title for the text?
| A．Lending your voice to “talking bins” |
| B．Sing London art organization |
| C．A campaign named Bin Thinking |
| D．A new experiment on litter bins |