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By the midnineteenth century, the term “icebox” had entered the American language, but ice was still only beginning to affect the diet of ordinary citizens in the United States. The ice trade grew with the growth of cities. Ice was used in places like hotels and hospitals, and by some forwardlooking city businessmen in fresh meat, fresh fish, and butter. After the Civil War (1861～1865 ), it also came into household use. Even before 1880, half of the ice sold in New York, Philadelphia, and Baltimore, and onethird of that sold in Boston and Chicago, went to families for their own use. This had become possible because a new household convenience, the icebox, early form of the modern refrigerator，had been invented.
Making an efficient icebox was not as easy as we might now suppose. In the early nineteenth century, people only had some simple and basic knowledge of the physics of heat. The common idea that the best icebox was one that prevented the ice from melting was of course mistaken, for it was the melting of the ice that performed the cooling. Early efforts to save ice included wrapping up the ice in blankets, which kept the ice from doing its job. Not until near the end of the nineteenth century did inventors achieve the delicate balance needed for an efficient icebox.
But as early as 1803, a Maryland farmer, Thomas Moore, had been in the correct direction. He owned a farm and used an icebox of his own design for the transportation of his butter to a market in the village of Georgetown. And there he found that customers would pass up the rapidly melting goods of his competitors to pay a higher price for his butter, still fresh and hard in neat, onepound bricks. One advantage of his icebox, Moore explained, was that farmers would no longer have to travel to market at night in order to keep their produce cool.As a result，Moore managed to earn a large sum of money.

The Origin of Refrigerators
History of the icebox	By the mid19th century the_______ that ice had on American citizens' life was limited mainly to the diet. When cities grew, the ice ________ increased. Forwardlooking businessmen used ice to keep meat, fish and butter_______. After the Civil War, due to the _______ of the modern refrigerator, household use of ice became possible.
Incorrect________ about the icebox	The icebox ________ best when the ice was prevented from melting. Ice should be ________ up in blankets to help do its jobs.
Thomas Moore's story	As early as 1803, Thomas Moore knew how to use an icebox________. An icebox was designed by Thomas Moore to________ his butter to the market. *Thomas Moore was very______ in his business.

“Equal pay for equal work” is a phrase by the American women who feel they are __(fair) treated by society. They think it is not right for women to be paid less than men for the __ amount of work. Some people say men have more duties than women. A married man has to earn money to support his family and make important ____ (decide), so it is right for them to be paid more. Some are even against married women __(work)at all. When wives go out to work, they say, the home and children are given no attention ___. If women are encouraged by equal pay to take up jobs, they will ___ (able) to do the things that they are best at doing: making a nice home and bringing ___ children. Women who disagree say that they want to escape from the limited place which society wishes them to fill and have __ freedom to choose between a job and home life, ___ a mixture of the two. In fact women have the right ___ to equal pay but also to equal chances.

Today I received a sweet letter from Brianna, one of my “cookies”. It was wonderful to hear ___________her. You see __________ I taught kindergarten, I called all ___________ sweet children “cookies”. Brianna said that every day she would walk into kindergarten and see a smile__________ my face. I named them “cookies” because I always feel that children can bring great happiness and __________ (excite) to my life. I still feel that all children are the ____________ (great) joy I could ever have.
So far I _____________ (adopt) and taught children for over 35 years. All my children were ________ are now a great joy of my life. __________(hope), I feel much fortunate to be able to use my life’s talent to teach children and have fun___________(do) it every day. I am able to spread my wings and help my “cookies” to spread their wings.

A Frenchman went to a small Italian town stayed with his wife at the best hotel there. One night, he went out for a walk alone. It was late and the small street was dark and quiet. Suddenly he (feel) someone behind him. He turned his head and saw an Italian young man who quickly walked past him. The man was nearly of sight when the Frenchman suddenly found that his watch was (go). He thought that must be the Italian who had taken his watch. He decided (follow) him and get back the watch.
Soon the Frenchman caught up with the Italian. of them understood the other's language. The Frenchman frightened the Italian with his fist (拳头) while (point) at the Italian's watch. In the end the Italian gave up his watch to the Frenchman.
When he returned to the hotel, the Frenchman told his wife had happened. He was
(great) surprised when his wife pointed to the watch on the table. Now he realized that by mistake he had robbed the watch and it was the Italian's.

A young man, while traveling through a desert, came across a spring of clear water. ____water was sweet. He filled his leather container so that he could bring some back to an elder____had been his teacher. After a four-day journey, the young man____ ( present ) the water to the old man. His teacher took a deep drink, smiled__ ( warm ), and thanked his student very much for the sweet water. The young man went home___a happy heart.
After the student left, the teacher let___student taste the water. He spit it out, ____ (say) it was awful. Apparently, it was no longer fresh because of the old leather container. He asked his teacher, "Sir, the water was awful. Why did you pretend to like___?" The teacher replied," You tasted the water. I tasted the gift. The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be____ (sweet). "We understand this lesson best____we receive gifts of love from children. Whether it is a cheap pipe or a diamond necklace, the proper response is appreciation. We love the idea within the gift rather than the thing.