KidsintheKitchenSomeexpertsser-优题课

Some children are natural-born bosses. They have a strong need to make decisions, manage their environment, and lead rather than follow. Stephen Jackson, a Year One student, “operates under the theory of what’s mine is mine and what’s yours is mine,” says his mother. “The other day I bought two new Star Wars light sabers(剑). Later, I saw Stephen with the two new ones while his brother was using the beat-up ones.”
“Examine the extended family, and you’ll probably find a bossy grandparent, aunt, uncle or cousin in every generation. It’s an inheritable trait,” says Russell Barkley, a professor at the Medical University of South Carolina. Other children who may not be particularly bossy can gradually gain dominance(支配地位) when they sense their parents are weak, hesitant, or in disagreement with each other.
Whether it’s inborn nature or developed character at work, too much control in the hands of the young isn’t healthy for children or the family. “Fear is at the root of a lot of bossy behaviour,” says family psychologist John Taylor. “Children,” he says in his book From Defiance to Cooperation, “have secret feelings of weakness and a desire to feel safe. It’s the parents’ role to provide that protection.”
When a “boss child” doesn’t learn limits at home, the stage is set for a host of troubles outside the family. The overly willful and unbending child may have trouble obeying teachers or coaches, for example, or trouble keeping friends. It can be pretty lonely as the top dog if no one likes your bossy ways.
“I see more and more parents giving up their power,” says Barkley, who has studied bossy behavior for more than 30 years. “They bend too far because they don’t want to be as strict as their own parents were. But they also feel less confident about their parenting skills. Their kids, in turn, feel more anxious.”
So for the sake of the children, parents should be strict with them in a suitable way and get more knowledge to be good parents.
Title: 1

Kinds	◊ 2.______ bossy children with an inheritable trait; ◊ developed bossy children.
Behaviors	◊ having a strong need to make decisions; ◊ 3.______; ◊ leading rather than following; ◊ not 4.______ at home.
5.______	Children	Parents
◊ fear(the basic cause) ◊ 6.______ ◊ a desire to feel safe	◊ weakness, hesitation and disagreement with each other; ◊ less power over the children; ◊ 7.______ about parenting skills.
Influences	◊ having trouble dealing with others or keeping friends; ◊ feeling 8.______.
9. ______ for parents	◊ being strict with children in a suitable way; ◊ providing protection; ◊ learning to be 10.______.

In many countries today, laws protect wildlife. In India, the need for such protection was realized centuries ago. About 300 B.C, 1 Indian writer described forests that were somewhat like national parks today. The killing of game beasts was carefully supervised（监管）. Some animals were fully protected. 2 the forest, nobody was allowed to cut timber, burn wood for charcoal, 3 catch animals for their furs. Animals 4 became dangerous to human visitors were caught or killed outside the park, so that other animals would not become uneasy.
The need for wildlife protection is 5 now than ever before. About a thousand species of animals are 6 danger of dying out, and the rate at which 7 are being destroyed has increased. 8 we took no measures to protect wildlife, some day our children would see no living creatures except man himself.

I used to be the messiest person alive. Over the years, through watching others and by trial and error, I have finally found ways to come up with plans, organize them and follow through with them.
Make an outline of everything you need to have and do to make your plan happen. Make a list of all of the steps that need to be accomplished and think about what needs to be done.
Detail everything thoroughly and read over it so you can start coming up with some mental solutions of how to carry out your plans.
You should ensure that if for some reason way one doesn’t work, you have way two and way three to lean back on. Therefore, different ways are needed at hand. It’s just a matter of being organized. Chances are that there is always more than one way of doing things, and chances are that if one of the other ones will.
Committing yourself to finishing at least at least part if not all of your plan at once is also necessary. It will show that you not only have initiative to get things rolling, but that you are interested in the results obtained with making the move to get everything done.
If you make a commitment to finish before a specific time, make sure that you carry that out, and be sure to do everything in the way you said you would, within the time-frame you set for your self.
Don’t try to tackle more things all at a time. All that does is to delay your progress, distract you and make you lose your interest, motivation and energy.
Carrying out an effective plan requires being as organized as possible. You will only achieve this by sticking to the order of the plan and not turn away from it or trying to do more at a time.
Last but not least, you should never abandon things mid-project. It will only annoy everyone around you including yourself. Unfinished plans are a waste of time, energy and, in some cases, even money.
So, don’t be afraid of organization. The older we get, the more necessary it becomes to have the skills necessary to follow through with confidence and to be able to carry through plans in an organized and manageable way. It pays to be organized, after all.

.Title: Tips on how to be (1) __________ in your life
Tips	Details	(2) _________
(3) _______ down your plan.	◆List everything you need. ◆List (4) _______ you will follow.	To make your plan happen.
Prepare three (5) _______ ways to carry out your plan.		To (6) _______ that you can have some other choices when one way doesn’t work.
(7) _______ to finish at least part of your plan if not all.	Do everything (8) _______ your own time-frame.	To show yourself you are determined to get things started and caring about the results.
Do one thing at once.	Stick to the order of your plan.	To save your interest, motivation and energy.
Finish what you have started.		To get your plan (9) ________ out thoroughly.
(10) ___________
You shouldn’t be afraid of organization because it’s really worthwhile.

请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应的横线上。
The Chong Yang Festival is celebrated on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month, and it is also known as the Double Ninth Festival.
The festival began as early as the Warring States Period (475BC-221BC). According to the yin/yang dichotomy(二分法), yin represents the elements of darkness and yang represents life and brightness. Among Chinese numbers, nine belongs to positive numbers and it is regarded as yang. The ninth day of the ninth lunar month is a double yang day; hence people start to say Chong Yang Festival. The ninth month also predicts the approach of winter. It is a time when the living need warm clothing, and Chinese sons and daughters extended this to make the festival a time for providing winter clothes for their ancestors. The Double Ninth Festival, therefore, also became an occasion to visit the graves of dead family members. Clothes made of paper would be burned as offerings.
The Double Ninth Festival sees various activities. On the Double Ninth Festival, people usually climb mountains, appreciate chrysanthemums (菊花), drink chrysanthemums wine, and eat cakes. Ancient people thought climbing a mountain on this day could help them avoid misfortune and prevent disasters, and this gradually evolved into a relaxation and exercise.
Ancient people used to wear cornel (山茱萸) and admire chrysanthemums. Cornel is a kind of plant with edible(可食用的) fruit, while its stem and leaves have medicinal value. To prevent plague(瘟疫) and drive off smelly smells, people wear cornel and chrysanthemums on the Double Ninth Festival, and drink tea and wine made from the flowers.
Nowadays many people will still climb mountains, admire chrysanthemums, appreciate the beautiful scenery of autumn and eat cakes. In recent years, new contents have been added into this ancient festival, which has become a time to show respect for the elderly. People hold various activities in honor of senior citizens, wishing them good health and a long life.
The Double Ninth Festival is also a time for family get-togethers. It is an occasion to remember one’s ancestors, the sacrifices they made and the hardships they underwent. Often, family outings are organized during which people search to renew their appreciation of nature and to reaffirm(重申) their love and concern for family members and close friends.

Title	The Double Ninth Festival
Time	●People often 76the Double Ninth Festival on the ninth day of the lunar month of a year. ●It’s a traditional festival with a 77of more than 2,200 years, beginning from the Warring States Period.
Origin	●The number nine is considered as yang, 78life and brightness. ●The ninth day of the ninth lunar month is a double young day, which makes the name Chong Yang Festival come into being. ●The approach of winter in the ninth month means a time wearing warm clothing for both the __79and the ancestors.
80and Meanings	In the 81	●To help avoid 82and prevent disasters by climbing mountains. ●Ancient people wore cornel, admire chrysanthemums and drank chrysanthemums wine to prevent plague and drive off 83smells. ●They also eat cakes in the festival.
In modern time	●To improve health by climbing mountains as a 84of relaxation and exercise. ●People still admire chrysanthemums, appreciate the beautiful scenery of autumn and eat cakes. ●It’s a time for people to 85senior citizens. ●To reaffirm love and concern for family members and close friends by family get-togethers.

请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。
In the United States, engineering is a profession that has been dominated（支配）historically by men. Even today, it's still true that few women become civil or chemical or mechanical（机械的） engineers, but that's something www.EngineerGirl.org aims to change. Young women who visit the web site can find out about a great career choice they might not have considered.
"Women are very much underrepresented in engineering and in engineering education programs and then of course, down the road, in the engineering workforce. So only about 20 percent of engineering undergraduate degrees go to women, and then only about nine percent of working engineers are women."
Mary Mattis is the National Academy of Engineering, says the EngineerGirl website aims to reach young women around ages 11 through 14, when they are just getting old enough to start thinking about their futures.
"We know from the research that middle-school girls are at a critical（关键的）point in their lives, and that it's a time when we need to reach them, both with an understanding, increasing their awareness of interesting fields in engineering, what a wonderful productive and exciting career you can have as an engineer. But we also need to reach them at that time because you have to take certain courses, and you can't start thinking about taking those courses when you're a junior in high school."
Engineering is a demanding course of study ---there is a lot of science and mathematics, for many girls and even boys, that can be challenging. But Ms. Mattis says that the EngineerGirl website stresses that engineering can also be fun and exciting.
"It's about designing things. It's about changing the world for people. It's about making a difference. And, in addition, you can make a good living, you can be independent economically by becoming an engineer. All of those things are messages that girls need to get."
While most engineers go into traditional fields such as mechanical and electrical engineering, the EngineerGirl site also highlights unusual engineering careers in fields such as sports engineering and --- believe it or not --- chocolate engineering.
"There's a section called 'why be an engineer,' and that talks about the many opportunities and increasingly different opportunities like with bio-engineering and environmental engineering, some fields that might appeal to girls who want to make a difference or have a meaning for their careers beyond earning an income."
Even if you are not a girl in the target age group, there’s a lot of interesting information on the site, including biographies（传记）of some notable（显著的）women engineers.
Title: Website（1）______ Girls to learn Engineering

Present （2）_____ for the engineering profession in the USA	The majority of men take up the profession throughout（3） ______, while only a small number of women work as engineers.
（4）_____ of the website	To make young women （5）_____ of interesting fields in engineering and what productivity and（6）_____ the career of being engineers can bring them.
（7）_____ of being engineers	* It can be fun and exciting. * It can（8）_____ the world for people. * You can make a good living. * You can gain economic（9）_____ by becoming an engineer.
Other fields concerning engineering	Various opportunities are talked about like bio-engineering and engineering (10) _____ to sports, and even chocolate