WhenIlivedinSpain,someSpanishf-优题课

Coffee has a history dating back to at least the 9th century and has been a catalyst for social interaction across cultures and eras. Originally discovered in Ethiopia, coffee beans were brought into the Middle East by Arab traders, spreading to Egypt, Yemen, Persia, Turkey, and North Africa by the 15th century. Muslim merchants eventually brought the beans to the thriving port city of Venice, where they sold them to wealthy Italian buyers. Soon, the Dutch began importing and growing coffee in places like Java and Ceylon (largely through slave labor), and the British East India Trading Company was popularizing the beverage in England. Coffee spread across Europe and even reached America.
Where there has been coffee, there has been the coffeehouse. From the 15th century Middle Eastern establishments where men gathered to listen to music, play chess, and hear recitations from works of literature, to Paris' Cafe le Procope where luminaries of the French Enlightenment such as Voltaire, Rousseau, and Diderot came to enjoy a hot cup of joe, coffeehouses have traditionally served as centers of social interaction, places where people can come to relax, chat, and exchange ideas.
The modern coffee shop is modeled on the espresso and pastry-centered Italian coffeehouses that arose with the establishment of Italian-American immigrant communities in major US cities such as New York City's Little Italy and Greenwich Village, Boston's North End, and San Francisco's North Beach. New York coffee shops were often frequented by the Beats in the 1950's. It wasn't long before Seattle and other parts of the Pacific Northwest were developing coffee shops as part of a thriving counterculture scene. The Seattle-based Starbucks took this model and brought it into mainstream culture.
Although coffeehouses today continue to serve their traditional purpose as lively social hubs in many communities, they have noticeably adapted to the times. Rediscovering their purpose as centers of information exchange and communication, many coffee shops now provide their customers with internet access and newspapers. It has become extremely common to see someone sitting at a Starbucks listening to music or surfing the web on his or her laptop. Coffee stores today also maintain a fairly identifiable, yet unique aesthetic: wooden furniture and plush couches, paintings and murals drawn on walls, and soft-lighting combine to give coffee shops the cozy feeling of a home away from home.
Today, big business retail coffee shops are expanding quickly all over the world. Starbucks alone has stores in over 40 countries and plans to add more. Despite its popularity, Starbucks has been criticized and labeled by many as a blood-sucking corporate machine, driving smaller coffee shops out of business through unfair practices. This has even spawned an anti-corporate coffee counterculture, with those subscribing to this culture boycotting big business coffee chains. Increasingly popular coffee stores such as The Coffee Bean and Tea Leaf are also giving Starbucks some stiff competition. In any case, it seems pretty clear that coffee has weaved itself into the fabric of our consumer-oriented culture.
Which of the following is the correct order of coffee spreading in history?
①Egypt②America③the Middle East④Netherlands⑤Venice

A．①③④②⑤

B．③①⑤④②

C．①⑤④③②

D．③②⑤④①

We can infer from the passage ________.

A．Starbucks has beaten all the competitors

B．there are no changes in the development of coffee culture

C．the taste of coffee has changed a lot

D．Starbucks has some effect on the development of coffee culture

The famous coffeehouse “Starbucks” originally come from _______.

A．Seattle

B．Ethiopia

C．Java

D．France

Nowadays, if you come to a coffeehouse, you can _______.

A．play chess with other customers

B．enjoy delicious dishes from South America

C．surf the internet

D．watch a TV play

We supply the bike, panniers, all the support gear, easy to follow maps, cycle routes and either the accommodation or several accommodation suggestions depending on the tour.
All you need to do is bring your cycle gear. Book your accommodation off the detailed list if required, and you are all set for a cheap, environmentally friendly holiday in New Zealand.
We do all the hard work of sorting routes and where to stay — you just relax and enjoy the riding! Too easy.
There are more tours to come so if you don’t see a tour that suits your needs let us know!

Tour	Grade	Cost from	Options
2 Day Self Guided Road Tour Banks Peninsula	2	$182		View Map
2 days of self guided cycling on Banks Peninsula roads. Includes bike hire, trip notes, panniers and lots great riding around lyttelton Harbour.
3 Day Self Guided Road Tour Canterbury and the Southern Alps	2	$215		View Map
An easy three day introduction to cycle touring to the inexperienced cyclist. From the high alpine passes of Arthur Pass cross the fertile Canterbury plains to the endless sandy east coast beaches.
5 Day Self Guided Road Tour Christchurch to Queenstown	4	$480		View Map
The wonderful and wild West Coast in a flash! For the fit and keen cyclist
6 Day Self Guided Road Tour Christchurch to Queenstown	2	$365		View Map
A tour that gets you from Christchurch to Queenstown a different way with far less hills! Cycling through the center of the South Island where great feast of fresh Salmon and breath taking views of Mt Cook await.
8 Day Self Guided Road Tour Christchurch to Queenstown	3	$390		View Map
From Christchurch to Queenstown in eight days down the West coast. The Transalpine does the hard work for you across Arthurs Pass and drops you in Greymouth for the start of your tour.

If you learned how to ride bike only a week ago, you should choose _______.

A．2 Day Self Guided Road Tour	B．3 Day Self Guided Road Tour
C．5 Day Self Guided Road Tour	D．8 Day Self Guided Road Tour

Where can we mostly see the passage?

A．Newspaper

B．TV

C．Internet

D．Magazine

What do you have to do when you want to enjoy your cycle tour?

A．Bring your cycle gear.

B．Bring your support gear and book your accommodation.

C．Book your accommodation.

D．Bring your bike gear and do some hard work.

For years experts have argued that poor households are consuming less nourishing food than the rest of the population.
But a survey of some of the lowest earners in Britain shows the nutritional value of what they eat is little different to everyone else.
In fact, the same deficiencies in diet were shared by all the population and the findings suggest that poor eating choices are far more widespread than previously suspected - affecting many wealthier families.
These included low fruit and vegetable consumption, not eating enough oily fish and eating too much saturated fat and sugar.
“This is a large and significant study and it shows we are all eating just as bad a diet as each other,” said Tim Lang, professor of food policy at City University.
The poorest families were eating only slightly more sugar and slightly less fruit and vegetables, according to the study of 3,728 respondents in the bottom of the population.
Alison Tedstone, head of nutritional science at the Food Standard Agency, said: “ Overall, people on low incomes have less than ideal diets, but their diets are only slightly worse than those of the rest of the population.”
The study also showed that low earners are choosing to eat unhealthily. Their food choices were not linked to their income, their access to shops or their cooking skills.
The findings appear to contradict assumptions that the poor cannot afford healthier foods or are too far away from shops that sell them.
The Low Income Nutrition and Diet Survey showed that like the rest of the population, the poor's daily fruit and vegetable intake on average is below the recommended five portions. Fewer than 10 per cent of respondents hit this target, while around 20 per cent ate less than a portion per day.
More than three quarters (76 per cent) of men and 81 per cent of women did less than one 30-minute session of moderate or vigorous exercise per week.
Some 45 per cent of men and 40 per cent of women were smokers.
This compares with 28 per cent of men and 24 per cent of women in the general population.
According to the passage, which of the following is true?

A．Whether the poor or the rich maybe have a bad diet.

B．Even the poor can enjoy enough fruit and fish consumption.

C．Only the poor have a bad diet.

D．The study was conveyed in both the rich and the poor.

What kind of persons maybe eat most sugar?

A．The rich.

B．Men.

C．The poorest.

D．Women

From the passage, we can learn __________.

A．the poor choose unhealthy food because of low income

B．having no access to shops also leads to the poor’s bad diet

C．the poor’s daily fruit intake is as much as general people

D．the number of smokers in the poor is bigger than that in general people

What’s the best title of the passage?

A．The poor’s healthy problem.	B．Keep off junk food.
C．How to have a good diet.	D．A diet survey.

Malnutrition (营养失调)remains a serious problem for India. But a new study shows that India’s leading causes of death now also include diseases related to obesity （肥胖）such as heart disease.
India’s National Family Health Survey shows that more than twenty percent of Indians living in cities are overweight or obese. And in the northwestern state of Punjab, that is true for almost forty percent of women.
Aradhna Tripathi is a business professional in New Delhi. She said, “ Eating is the most important thing in any Indian household and how you show your love and gratitude(感激) for a person is through the kind of food you serve him. And the kind of lifestyle we are leading is one of the reasons why we have the number of obese people increasing every day.
But Aradhna Tripathi says she has decided to lose weight. Her mother and grandmother are also diabetic(患糖尿病的). In fact, the International Diabetes Federation says India is now the diabetes capital of the world. Researchers say Indians store more body fat per kilogram than Europeans. That means obese Indians are even more at the risk of diabetes than other people.
Doctor Anoop Misra at Fortis Hospital in New Delhi says the risk of diabetes is crossing social and economic lines. Five years ago, he says, obesity and diabetes were limited to India’s richest people, but now things have changed.
But Doctor Misra is hopeful that the spread (蔓延，传播)of obesity can be slowed. And he says it must start in schools by giving all Indian children the same instruction on physical activity and diet.
The World Health Organization says China is also moving up in obesity rates. The estimate (估计) has reached about five percent countryside and as high as twenty percent in some cities.
What is this passage mainly about?

A．Obesity has become a big killer in India.

B．Heart disease is troubling people in India.

C．People in India live a very unhealthy life.

D．Malnutrition remains a serious problem in India.

According to Aradhna Tripathi , one of the causes of the obesity problems is_________.

A．.the development of economy

B．the change of Indians’ lifestyle

C．Indians’ attitude （态度）towards eating

D．Indians’ attitude towards obesity.

What can we infer from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5?

A．Most wealthy people in India are overweight.

B．Five years ago, few people in India were overweight

C．Few poor people are diabetic for economic reasons.

D．Now even the poor in India suffer from obesity.

Psychology（心理学）tells us that many people hate to take risks. But it is good for us to take risks, especially (尤其)when the risk is to achieve a desired result. In that way, we become stronger and braver.
Our human nature should be to take risks, but some people just sit and wish they didn’t have the fear（恐惧）to move on. This is because of one or two failures in their lives. Please step out and don’t let the past hold you back from living life to the fullest. Move forward and move on!
In studying the psychology of taking risks, we find that human nature provides(提供) us with the desire (渴望)to experiment and take chances.
Risk taking is a great benefit（好处）that allowed our ancestors(祖先) to become stronger and stronger day by day. By taking risks they fought off enemies and discovered new territories（领土）. This attitude has become a part of our modern culture. Riding a roller coaster is a common risk taking activity that even the average person seems to enjoy although they have the understanding that it is dangerous. This psychological and biological (生物学上的) connection （联系）creates an interesting connection between what is unsafe and what humans enjoy.
Getting in a car each day is a risk. Getting out of bed is a risk. There is such thing as perfect safety. We need to take risks so that we can complete (finish) many things. Astronauts take risks when they get inside a rocket; however, the things they achieve are great. Businessmen take a risk when they buy parts of a company. However, without doing that, they could not make more money.
We need to take risks so that we can gain something. It is impossible to move forward in life, earn money, enjoy a relationship, play a sport, or do anything else without taking a risk. It is all part of the game. It’s one of the most important parts of life.
Some people don’t want to take risks, mainly （主要）because ___________.

A．they are too lazy to move on

B．they feel pleased with the present life.

C．they have experienced some failures before

D．they show little interest in the strange world outside

What does the underlined part “This attitude” in Paragraph 4 mean?

A．Taking risks

B．Fighting off enemies

C．Discovering new territories

D．Becoming stronger and stronger

What can we infer from the passage?

A．Daily life is full of risks

B．The safest place has the greatest risk

C．People should take risks when they are young

D．We can always achieve our goals by taking risks

What would be the title for the passage?

A．Taking risks is easier said than done

B．On risks taken by ancestors

C．Live our life to the fullest(充分地)

D．No risk, no gain.