Fear may be felt in the heart as well as in the head, according to a study that has found a link between the cycles of a beating heart and the chance of someone feeling fear.
Tests on healthy volunteers found that they were more likely to feel a sense of fear at the moment when their hearts are contracting (收缩) and pumping blood around their bodies, compared with the point when the heartbeat is relaxed. Scientists say the results suggest that the heart is able to influence how the brain responds to a fearful event, depending on which point it is at in its regular cycle of contraction and relaxation.
Sarah Garfinkel at the Brighton and Sussex Medical School said: "Our study shows for the first time that the way in which we deal with fear is different depending on when we see fearful pictures in relation to our heart."
The study tested 20 healthy volunteers on their reactions（反应）to fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces. Dr Garfinkel said, "The study showed that fearful faces are better noticed when the heart is pumping than when it is relaxed. Thus our hearts can also affect what we see and what we don't see - and guide whether we see fear."
To further understand this relationship, the scientists also used a brain scanner (扫描仪) to show how the brain influences the way the heart changes a person's feeling of fear.
"We have found an important mechanism by which the heart and brain ‘speak’ to each other to change our feelings and reduce fear," Dr Garfinkel said.
"We hope that by increasing our understanding about how fear is dealt with and ways that it could be reduced, we may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety disorders, and also for those who may be suffering from serious stress disorder."What is the finding of the study?
| A．One's heart affects how he feels fear. |
| B．Fear is a result of one's relaxed heartbeat. |
| C．Fear has something to do with one's health. |
| D．One’s fast heartbeats are likely to cause fear. |
The study was carried out by analyzing _______.
| A．volunteers' heartbeats when they saw terrible pictures |
| B．the time volunteers saw fearful pictures and their health conditions |
| C．volunteers' reactions to horrible pictures and data from their brain scans |
| D．different pictures shown to volunteers and their heart-brain communication |
Which of the following is closest in meaning to "mechanism" in Paragraph 6?
| A．Order. | B．System. | C．Machine. | D．Treatment. |
This study may lead to _______.
| A．treating anxiety and stress better |
| B．explaining the cycle of fear and anxiety |
| C．finding the key to the heart-brain communication |
| D．understanding different fears in our hearts and heads |
D
Antarctica is the southernmost place on Earth, and it is larger than the United Sates and 95% of it is covered with ice. The ice is 5 kilometers thick at places and it never melts. At least that is what we thought, but let us keep it that way for now.
The ice seems to be alive as it works its way towards the seA． It forms an ice shelf over the water. The edge breaks away from the shelf and falls into the seA． From here it drifts. Now big pieces of ice become icebergs that can be 160 km long. They now drift north until they finally melt and become part of the ocean. This process is part of a bigger process which in turn forms a cooling system for Earth. This is so important that no country is allowed to control this areA． The treaty (agreement) signed by 12 countries at first and later joined by more, was to prevent any country harming the planet with irresponsible behavior.
The treaty basically states that:
Antarctica can be used for peaceful purposes only.
No country may build a military base there.
No country may do a nuclear test there.
No country may dump nuclear waste there.
Scientists working there will share their information.
Some other rules are there to protect the penguins and seals.
No dogs may run loose.
No planes may land near large groups of animals.
No guns, explosives, or tractors may be used near the animals.
Most important is that every member can inspect any of the other bases if he suspects that the treaty rules are being broken.
While the treaty is not foolproof（万无一失的）, it does play a very important part in the protection of AntarcticA． The more people realize the effects that pollution has on this continent, the bigger the pressure will be on Governments to change the way they look at pollution.
69．Why was it important to sign a treaty for Antarctica?
A．Because the ice on Antarctica will finally melt into the ocean.
B．Because Antarctica is covered with 5 kilometers thick ice.
C．Because Antarctica balances the temperature of Earth.
D．Because there are many big icebergs in AntarcticA．
70．What is the process of the movement of ice in Antarctica?
A．Ice shelf---sea water---iceberg---ice.
B．Sea water---ice---iceberg---ice shelf.
C．Iceberg---ice shelf---ice---sea water.
D．Ice---ice shelf---iceberg---sea water.
71．What is included in the Antarctica treaty?
A．There is no secret research information in AntarcticA．
B．Dogs are not allowed to be raised in AntarcticA．
C．Waste can’t be thrown away in AntarcticA．
D．People can’t bring their guns to AntarcticA．
C
True End of an Era
SURPRISE, surprise---David Beckham is in the news again! Sure, the England football star was never one to shy away from the headlines. But this time it seems people are talking as much about what Beckham is not doing as what he is.
Beckham won’t be playing for England at the 2010 World Cup in South AfricA． An injury he picked up while playing for AC Milan will likely rule the 34-year-old out for four months. It could be a sad end to the career of a player who has given his all to England since his debut (首次登场) in 1996. But rather than feeling sorry for the loss, some people are finally calling for us to move on from the Beckham obsession (着迷).
“The romantic wish of him seizing the day and inspiring England to glory was poppycock (胡扯),” according to an editorial in the Guardian. It argued that Beckham is past his best and would only have played a minor role at the World Cup anyway. But you might not have guessed it from the reaction of the rest of England.
British Prime Minister Gordon Brown sent Beckham a “get well soon” message, and a Scottish poet even wrote a poem about the injury, comparing Beckham to the Greek hero Achilles.
But is it possible to forget about Beckham? Over his career Beckham has embodied (体现) everything the English like to think is good about their country. Beckham was never the most naturally gifted of footballers, but he reached the top through hard work and determination. He never gave up, even when things looked hopeless. And even as a superstar, he never forgot where he came from.
For this, the English took him to their hearts. Not a day goes by without seeing Beckham’s name in the newspapers, but the reality is his fantastic career is coming to the enD．Of course, it is sad that he’ll miss the World Cup, but this is a chance for England to find a new hero.
As a global icon(偶像) we will certainly miss him playing for England in South Africa this summer. But I think it’s time we finally give Beckham a break from the headlines.
Choose the best answer:
66．Which of the following may not be a result of Beckham’s injury?
A．Not being able to take part in the 2010 World Cup in South AfricA．
B．Not being able to play for England for four months.
C．People forgetting him.
D．This injury perhaps ending his career.
67．______ gave Beckham a negative evaluation.
A．Gordon Brown B．An editorial in the Guardian
C．A Scottish poet D．Most British people
68．Which is not the reason for it being hard for people to forget Beckham?
A．He has embodied British good characteristics and traits (特征).
B．He is one of the most naturally gifted footballers.
C．He is determined to achieve his goals.
D．He always remembers his country.
B
Imagine this: your child has just been involved in an emergency (紧急事件). You call 911. The medical workers rush in and begin asking you questions as they work to rescue your chilD．But they also ask questions about your child’s medical history. It’s hard to think clearly. You begin to answer and then end up saying, “I don’t remember. I don’t know.” So, many doctors suggest that parents keep a record of their children’s important health facts handy. This can often help the medical team make a better and more rapid diagnosis (诊断) of a problem at a time when time really counts.
The most important information to know is the child’s allergies (过敏). It is especially crucial if the child is allergic to any medicine---penicillin, for example. Food allergies can come into play, too, so make note of those as well. Children who have been hospitalized in the past may have developed latex (胶乳) allergies. Often this information can help emergency workers find a cause for problems like breathing difficulties.
Keep a list of any medicine, including what your child is now taking. Some medicines can cause an adverse reaction when they are taken together, so the doctors need this information before they give your child anything. You’ll need to know when the child took the medicine last and how much was taken.
It is also important to tell emergency workers about any health problem or illness your child has haD．These pre-existing conditions can have a huge effect on the type of tests and treatment in an emergency.
Consider having any child who has a health problem wear a tag around his neck. This kind of rapid notice can help doctors who are providing emergency care, especially if your child suddenly becomes ill at day care, school, or a friend’s house.
63．How many types of allergies are mentioned in Paragraph 2?
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
64．The underlined word “adverse” in Paragraph 3 probably means __________.
A．beneficial B．harmful C．physical D．emotional
65． Which of the following is the main idea of this passage?
A．Everybody should learn something about first aid.
B．Children can easily develop allergies.
C．Doctors usually have difficulty saving a child in an emergency.
D．Parents should keep a record of their children’s health facts.
IV．阅读理解(共11小题，每题2分，满分22分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
It all began as we were standing in front of the bathroom mirror, while I fixed Amanda's blonde hair. I said, “I love you, AmandA．” “And, I love you,” she replieD．“Well, I love you more.” Her eyes lit up as she recognized the cue (暗示) for the start of another “I love you more” match. “Nuh-uh,” she laugheD．“I love you the most.” “I love you bigger than a volcano!” I countered---a favorite family phrase in these battles of love. “But, Mom, I love you from here to ChinA．” A country she’s learning about from our new neighbors up the street.
We volleyed back and forth a few favorite lines. “I love you more than peanut butter.” “Well, I love you more than television.” “I even love you more than bubble gum.” It was my turn again, and I made the move that usually brought victory. “I love you bigger than the universe!” On this day, however, Amanda was not going to give up. I could see she was thinking. “Mom,” she said in a quiet voice, “I love you more than myself.”
I stopped, surprised by her sincerity. Here I thought I knew more than she diD．I thought I knew at least everything that she knew. But I didn’t know this. My four-year-old daughter knows more about love than her 28-year-old mom.
61．From the passage, we can know the two people _____________.
A．often quarreled with each other B．felt bored about the real life
C． were fixing each other’s hair D． loved each other deeply
62．Which is the best title for this passage?
A． I Love You More B． My Daughter Grows Up
C． Parents’ Love D．Children’s Love
E
In the UK, most children have their midday meal at school, but in many schools, parents can choose what their children eat. The children can have a school lunch—a hot, cooked meal; or they can take a packed lunch with them, which usually includes cold food like sandwiches.
Often parents prepare lunches on the basis of what their children want. Cathy, a mother of three children, told us, “My children have packed lunches, because they say they hate school dinners. I make 3 packed lunches every morning, so we’re like a sandwich bar in our kitchen in the morning.”
However, another mother, Susan, made her choice based on the nutritious value of the food. She said, “My daughter always has school dinners. I think she probably gets healthier food by having a cooked lunch at school than she would if I made sandwiches.”
But how healthy are school dinners? Kaz, a father, wasn’t impressed with them. “Fizzy (有泡沫的) drinks were offered and I think there were a lot of chips.”
The question of how healthy school food is was brought to Jamie Oliver, who launched a campaign to improve children’s nutrition, after spending a year working in a school kitchen. The TV series about the campaign won an award this week.
He was horrified (惊恐的) at the junk food he saw being served, which included burgers, pizza and chips. He decided to ban the junk, and started cooking good stews (炖菜) and curries for the children instead.
Jamie improved the school dinners in that particular school, and trained the dinner ladies to cook healthy food. Then he put pressure on the government to improve the standards of school food across the country. And it looks as if the changes have begun.
57 What would be the best title for the passage?
A. School Dinners B. Healthy Food
C. Dinners in the UK D. Research on Dinners
58. The underlined phrase “on the basis of” in the second paragraph probably means “______”.
A. by comparison B. according to
C. in spite of D. for the good of
59 We can learn from the passage that ______.
A. in Britain, all children have their lunch at school
B. Cathy’s children like school dinners
C. stews and curries are healthy food
D. Jamie Oliver works in a school kitchen
60. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. There are many schools in Britain.
B. Susan chooses food for her daughter according to its nutrition.
C. In the past, the food provided by British schools was not healthy enough.
D. None of the parents in Britain like school food.