Scientists say they now have proof to support the old-fashioned advice that it's best to sleep on a problem. They say sleep strengthens the memory and helps the brain organize the masses of information we receive each day.
Lead researcher Bob Stickgold at the Harvard Medical School said, "Sleep helps us draw rules from our experiences. It's like knowing the difference between dogs and cats even if it's hard to explain."
The US research team studied how well students remembered connections between words and symbols (象征) , reports New Scientist. They compared how the students performed if they had had a sleep between seeing the words and having the test, and if they had not slept. They found that people were better able to remember lists of related words after a night's sleep than after the same time spent awake during the day. They also found it easier to remember themes (主题) that the words had in common. But they forgot around one in four more themes if they had been awake. Prof. John Groeger, of Surrey University's Sleep Research Centre, said, "People have been trying for years to find out what the purpose of sleep is, as we know that only certain parts of it have a restorative (有助恢复的) value. " "We form and store huge numbers of experiences in the head every day, and sleep seems to be the way the brain deals with it all."The phrase" to sleep on a problem" in Paragraph 1 most likely means to______.
| A．pay full attention to a problem | B．wait until later for a decision |
| C．sleep to forget a problem | D．have difficulty sleeping |
In the study by the US research team, students were asked to______.
| A．put together words of similar meanings |
| B．remember words and their meanings |
| C．show their knowledge of words |
| D．make up lists of related words |
Which of the following may be easier to remember?
| A．Themes learned right before the test |
| B．Rules from personal experience |
| C．Words learnt before a good sleep |
| D．Ideas stored together in the brain |
What may be the importance of the research?
| A．It shows sleep may help us manage information |
| B．It helps find out the common themes of word |
| C．It tells us that more sleep can improve health |
| D．It proves the value of old-fashioned advice |
I grew up in a house where the TV was seldom turned on and with one wall in my bedroom entirely lined with bookshelves, most of my childhood was spent on books I could get hold of. In fact, I grew up thinking of reading as natural as breathing and books unbelievably powerful in shaping perspectives (观点) by creating worlds we could step into, take part in, and live in.
With this unshakable belief, I, at fourteen, decided to become a writer. Here too, reading became useful. Every writer starts off knowing that he has something to say, but being unable to find the right ways to say it. He has to find his own voice by reading widely and discovering which parts of the writers he agrees or disagrees with, or agrees with so strongly that it reshapes his own world. He cannot write without loving to read, because only through reading other people’s writing can one discover what works, what doesn’t and, in the end, together with lots of practice, what voice he has.
Now I am in college, and have come to realize how important it is to read fiction (文学作品)．As a law student, my reading is in fact limited to subject matter—the volume (量) of what I have to read for classes every week means there is little time to read anything else. Such reading made it all the clearer to me that I live in a very small part in this great place called life. Reading fiction(小说) reminds me that there is life beyond my own. It allows me to travel across the high seas and along the Silk Road, all from the comfort of my own armchair, to experience, though secondhand, exciting experiences that I wouldn't necessarily be able to have in my lifetime.
| A． even | B．almost | C．tiredly | D．gradually |
| A． He never watched TV. |
| B． He read what he had to. |
| C． He found reading unbelievable. |
| D． He considered reading part of his life. |
| A．an idea |
| B．a sound quality |
| C．a way of writing |
| D．a world to write about |
| A． It helps him to realize his dream. |
| B． It opens up a wider world for him. |
| C． It makes his college life more interesting. |
| D． It increases his interest in worldwide travel. |
| A． Why do I read? |
| B． How do I read? |
| C． What do I read? |
| D． When do I read? |
Dust storms are violent and mostly unpredictable. They can cause property damage, injuries, and deaths, so it’s necessary to know what to do when you come across them. Watch out for dust storm warnings. Dust storms are most likely to occur on hot summer days, so listen to the local TV or radio broadcasts before traveling in hot, dry conditions, and consider changing or giving up your trip if dust storms are predicted. Roadside signs may also be able to warn you of dust storm danger. Be prepared. If you are in a storm-prone area, carry a mask(口罩) to keep out small dust particles (颗粒), and take eye protection to protect your eyes. A supply of water is also necessary. Go beyond the storm. If you see a dust storm from some distance, and you are in a vehicle, you should try to escape from it. Some dust storms can travel at more than 75 miles per hour, but they frequently travel much slower. However, it is not advisable to put yourself at risk by driving at high speed. Stay inside. Do not move about in a storm, as you will not be able to see hidden risks in your path. So if you’re in a house, stay inside. Protect yourself from flying objects. Cover as much of your body as possible. A dust storm’s high wind can carry heavy objects. If you find yourself without shelter, try to stay low, close to the ground, and protect your head with your arms, a backpack or a pillow.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 mean?
| A．Dust storms usually travel much slower than vehicles. |
B．Don’t be so worried about dust storms in the distance. |
C．You shouldn’t drive at a risky speed to escape from dust storms. |
D．Driving faster than the dust storm is the most important thing. |
We can learn from the passage that __________
| A．it is dangerous to travel on hot summer days |
B．dust storms usually come from far away |
C．people should stay indoors when a dust storm comes |
D．small objects blown by a storm’s wind cannot harm people |
Which of the following may NOT really be needed when you come across a storm?
| A．A pair of glasses. |
B．A blanket. |
C．A bottle of milk. |
D．A travel guide. |
A weatherman may give you all of the following advice EXCEPT that "_____________".
| A．do not enter a dust storm |
B．mind the warnings on the roadside signs |
C．close all the doors and windows of your house |
D．cover your body with as many things as possible |
Which of the following is mentioned in the passage?
a. the violence of dust stormsb. the speed of dust stormsc. the worst dust storm everd. the likely time for dust storms
| A．a. b. c | B．b. c. d | C．a. b. d | D．a. c. d |
阅读下面短文并回答问题,然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上(请注意66至70四个小题后面的词数要求;每题2分，共10分)。
[1]Ashley Power’s mother bought a computer for her when she was eight. When she was thirteen, she was surfing the Internet regularly, but she couldn’t find anywhere for teenagers to meet and talk. And one day she thought, “If I had my own website, I’d make it a really interesting site for teenagers.”
[2]So, when Ashley was sixteen, she launched her own website, called GooseHead. She had no idea how big a success it would be, but three years later, the site was the most successful teen site in the USA! It was getting 100,000 hits every day, and Ashley had about 30 employees.
[3]After a few years, the website closed down. Then Ashley, who lives in Los Angeles, was asked to write a book called The GooseHead Guide to Life. The book is about how to design a website and start a business. It begins with a section called “All About Ashley,” where Ashley tells readers what it is like to be the boss of a company when you are only sixteen. “I was so happy. But it was crazy in a lot of ways. I got very stressed. I mean, I was only sixteen—I didn’t even have a car! If you were sixteen and you had your own company, you’d be stressed, too!”
[4]In an interview Ashley gave advice to teenagers who wanted to start their own business, “Just be strong and have your dreams and work hard at them. And don’t listen when, because I heard ‘no’ a lot. Just keep going until you hear ‘yes’!”For what purpose did Ashley create GooseHead? (within 10 words)
_________________________________________________What is the main idea of Paragraph 2? (within 6 words)
_____________________________________________________According to Paragraph 3, what did Ashley do after GooseHead closed down?(within 10 words)
_________________________________________________How did Ashley feel as a young boss of a company?(within 5 words)
___________________________________Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4 with proper words.
______________________________________
A private group of scientists has announced plans to make an exact copy of a human being. An American member of the team says he and the others will soon begin a serious effort to clone humans. Panos Zavos says the team hopes to manufacture the world’s first cloned baby within the next two years.
In recent years, scientists have produced exact genetic copies of sheep and a few other animals. They created these clones from a single cell of an adult animal.
Three years ago, another American doctor, Richard Seed, announced plans to clone a human being. However, there is no evidence that he has been successful.
Doctor Zavos says the new international group plans to offer human cloning only to women who are currently not able to become pregnant or produce children. He says the aim is to assist people who want to have their own biological child.
The technology would be similar to that used to clone animals. It would involve cleaning genetic material from a woman’s egg. Doctors then would place genetic material from the woman’s husband into the egg before putting it into the woman’s uterus(子宫).
Doctor Zavos says his group plans to do the work in a country near the Mediterranean Sea. He did not name the country. He says an Italian reproductive expert, Sevorino Antinori, is leading the team. Doctor Antinori has led the efforts to help many older women become pregnant. He is known for establishing pregnancies in women as old as sixty.
Many medical experts and other groups are opposed to the idea of cloning humans. Several countries ban or restrict work on human cloning. Several doctors criticize the announcement by Doctor Zavos. They say doctors do not know if cloning humans is possible or safe. They say it would be irresponsible to attempt to clone a human being. That is because the chances of success are too small and the risks are too great.The underlined word “manufacture” in the first paragraph means “_________”.
| A．produce | B．oppose | C．attempt | D．experiment |
Which of the following statements is TRUE?
| A．In theory, scientists are unlikely to clone humans. |
| B．Richard Seed has fallen behind other scientists in cloning humans. |
| C．Cloning human beings is good for men. |
| D．People have different ideas about cloning humans. |
How do many medical experts and other groups like the idea of cloning humans？
| A．They are in favour of the idea. |
| B．They are against the idea. |
| C．They have an optimistic attitude to the idea. |
| D．They think it is none of their business. |
①Isaac Stern was more than a great violin player. He was one of the most honored musicians in the world. He was an international cultural ambassador. He was a major supporter of the arts in America and in other countries. He was a teacher and activist.
②Isaac Stern was born in 1920 in what is now Ukraine. His parents moved to San Francisco, California the following year. His mother began teaching Isaac the piano when he was six. He began taking violin lessons after hearing a friend play the instrument. Later, he began studying music at the San Francisco Conservatory (音乐学院).He progressed quickly. When he was 16, he played with the San Francisco Symphony Orchestra. The next year, he performed in New York City and was praised by music critics.
③During World War Ⅱ, Mr. Stern played for thousands of American soldiers. It was the first time many of them had heard classical music. After the war, he was the first American violinist to perform in a concert in the Soviet Union. He also supported young musicians and cultural organizations in Israel.
④In 1979, Isaac Stern visited China. He met with Chinese musicians and students. He taught them about classical Western music. His visit was made into a film, which is called From Mao to Mozart: Isaac Stern in China. It won an Academy Award for best documentary film.
⑤In 1984, Isaac Stern received the Kennedy Center Honors Award for his gifts to American culture through music. He expressed his thoughts about the part that music plays in life. He said he believed that music makes life better for everyone, especially children.
⑥Mr. Stern supported and guided younger classical musicians. They include violinists Itzhak Perlman and Pinchas Zukerman, cellist Yo -Yo Ma, and pianist Yefim Bronfman.
⑦Isaac Stern died in 2001 at the age of 81.He was a major influence on music in the 20th century. He leaves the world richer with his many recordings.Which of the following is the RIGHT time order for these events in Stern’s life?
a. He began learning music in an institution.
b. He received the Kennedy Center Honors Award.
c. He visited the Soviet Union.
d. He met with Chinese musicians.
e. He performed for American soldiers.
| A．a, e, c, d, b | B．a, e, b, c, d | C．e, a, b, c, d | D．e, a, c, d, b |
Paragraph 2 is mainly about _________ .
| A．how Stern began to learn music |
| B．how Stern began his musical career |
| C．Stern’s early education |
| D．Stern’s achievement in music |
The underlined word “cellist” in Paragraph 6 may refer to _________ .
| A．someone who supports young musicians |
| B．someone who wants to be a musician |
| C．someone who has a gift for music |
| D．someone who plays a certain kind of instrument |
Which of the following shows the RIGHT structure of the text?
| A．①→②③④⑤→⑥⑦ | B．①→②③④⑤⑥→⑦ |
| C．①②③④⑤⑥→⑦ | D．①②③→④⑤⑥⑦ |