German Prime Minister Otto Von Bismarck may be most famous for his and diplomatic talent, but his contributions to the society include many of today’s social insurance programs. During the middle of the 19th century, Germany, other European nations, an unusual outbreak of workplace deaths and accidents as a result of growing . in part by Christian sympathy for the helpless as well as a practical political impulse to get the of the socialist labor movement, Bismarck the world’s first worker’s compensation law in 1884.
By 1908, the United States was the industrial nation in the world that lacked workers’ compensation insurance. American’s injured workers could seek in a court of law, but they still faced a number of tough legal barriers. , employees had to prove that their injuries directly employer’s lack of care and they themselves were ignorant about potential danger in the workplace. The first state workers’ compensation law in this country passed in 1911, and the program soon throughout the nation.
After World War II, benefit payments to American workers did not the cost of living. In fact, real benefit levels were lower in the 1970s than they were in the 1940s, and in most states the maximum benefit was below the poverty level for a family of four. In 1970, President Richard Nixon set up a national to study the problems workers’ compensation. Two years later, the committee issued 19 key recommendations, one that called for increasing compensation benefit levels to 100 percent of the states’ average weekly wages.
A．artistic B．literary C．military D．economic
A．along with B．other than C．apart from D．rather than
A．experimented B．explored C．experienced D．excluded
A．urbanization B．revolution C．evolution D．industrialization
A．Inspired B．Touched C．Organized D．Motivated
A．feedback B．statement C．proof D．support
A．discovered B．created C．uncovered D．revealed
A．unique B．only C．powerful D．most
A．rights B．help C．compensation D．support
A．For example B．However C．Consequently D．Moreover
A．resulted in B．stood for C．resulted from D．deal with
A．spread B．promoted C．stretched D．placed
A．put up with B．face up to C．benefit from D．keep up with
A．community B．committee C．authority D．government
A．including B．insisting C．installing D．investing
The three superstars were arriving at the airport and a large crowd of young people had already gathered there to welcome them．The police found it 36 to keep order after the plane landed and the performers 37 ．They smiled and waved cheerfully at everybody．Dressed in the same pink shirts and light blue trousers, with long hair and musical instruments over their shoulders, they all looked 38 ．
Although there were many policemen 39 , the Blare were not able to get to their waiting car _40__ at all. Word spread that they had composed a new song which would be _41 when they performed at the concert that evening．They were now42 _ with loud cries of " Play your new song! Play your new song!"
When the stars prepared to sing as the 43 for getting away, even the policemen looked 44 , too. The fans settled down and listened to the first 45 _ of the new song．Once it was over, everyone started jumping, clapping and shouting _46 . Several young women even fainted（昏倒） with excitement and were carried away immediately by the 47 standing by. The fans were greedy for more, 48a repeat performance．Once again, the performers had no choice but to 49 , but when they were asked for still another song, they cheerfully but firmly refused．Closely 50 by the policemen, they walked towards their car some distance51 . The fans pushed forward, but the policemen, _ 52 arm, prevented anyone getting trough. It took the stars quite a long time to reach their 53 !
Finally, however, they all got in and were just about to leave when a young woman, who had somehow 54 to get past the policemen, jumped onto the roof of the car．She shouted loudly and crazily as two policemen dragged her away and the car started to move very slowly through the 55 crowd．She had just wanted to have a photo taken with the stars !
A．dangerous B．terrible C．impossible D．difficult
A．arrived B．appeared C．left D．settled
A．famous B．nervous C．alike D．special
A．present B．enough C．available D．serious
A．successfully B．completely C．easily D．directly
A．heard B．broadcast C．received D．tried
A．covered B．greeted C．crowded D．called
A．way B．excuse C．gift D．price
A．pleased B．surprised C．puzzled D．worried
A．scene B．part C．sound D．performance
A．loudly B．madly C．strangely D．proudly
A．doctors B．fans C．policemen D．workers
A．signing B．enjoying C．suggesting D．demanding
A．give cut B．give away C．give in D．give up
A．surrounded B．followed C．watched D．supported
A．out B．away C．apart D．off
A．stood B．fought C．protected D．locked
A．car B．theatre C．hotel D．group
A．attempted B．managed C．started D．rushed
A．shouting B．crying C．cheering D．pushing
The English, as a race, are very different from all other nationalities, including their closest neighbors, the French, Belgians and Dutch. It is claimed (声言) that living on an island 36 from the rest of Europe has much to do with it. Whatever the 37 are, it may be fairly stated that the Englishman has 38 many attitudes and habits which make them 39 from other nationalities.
Broadly speaking, the Englishman is a 40 , shy and reserved person who is fully relaxed only among people he 41 well. In the 42 of strangers or foreigners he often seems embarrassed. You have only to walk around a city any morning or evening to 43 the truth of this. Serious-looking businessmen and women sit 44 their newspapers or have a light sleep in a corner with no one speaking. 45 , to do so would seem most unusual to many foreigners. An Englishman pretending to be giving46 to overseas visitors, once suggested, “On entering a railway carriage, shake hands with all the passengers”. Obviously , he was not being 47 . There is an unwritten 48 clearly understood code (规则) of behaviour which, if 49 , makes the person immediately suspect(怀疑).
In many parts of the world it is quite 50 to show openly their enthusiasm, emotion, excitement, etc. The Englishman is somewhat 51 . Of course, an Englishman lacks no deep feelings, in fact , no less deeply than any other nationality, but he tends to display his52 far less. This is reflected in his use of 53 . Imagine a man making a comment on the great 54 of a young girl. A more emotional man might 55 her as “extremely beautiful,” “precious”, however, an Englishman might just say, “Um, she is all right.” The girl who heard this should not be angry because "not bad" and " all right" very often have the same meaning as "first class" " excellent" and this unique style of language use is common in England.
A．divided B．separated C．parted D．broke
A．problems B．arrangements C．reasons D．differences
A．developed B．got C．created D．made
A．differ B．separate C．suffer D．vary
A．noisy B．rude C．noble D．quiet
A．recognizes B．knows C．sees D．likes
A．front B．absence C．lack D．presence
A．look at B．find out C．tell D．keep
A．publishing B．selling C．reading D．showing
A．In other words B．On the contrary C．On the whole D．In fact
A．advice B．performances C．speeches D．way
A．funny B．great C．serious D．careful
A．as well as B．or C．and D．but
A．broken B．made C．explained D．followed
A．enough B．right C．normal D．impossible
A．proud B．kind C．hard D．different
A．feelings B．talents C．gifts D．behaviors
A．action B．language C．time D．life
A．speech B．mark C．beauty D．intelligence
A．speak B．describe C．take D．treat
第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
From the time each of my children started school, I packed their lunches. And in each lunch, I 1 a note. Often written on a napkin, it might be a thank-you for a 2 moment, a reminder of something we were happily expecting , or a bit of 3 for the coming test or sporting event.
In early grade school they 4 their notes. But as children grow older they become self-conscious( 有自我意识的 )，and 5 he reached high school , my older son, Marc informed me he no longer 6 my daily notes. Telling him that he no longer needed to 7 them but I still needed to write them. I 8 until the day he graduated.
Six years after high school graduation , Marc called and asked if he could move 9 for a couple of months. He had spent those years well, graduating from college , 10 two internships ( 实习 ) in Washington, D.C. , and 11 , becoming a technical assistant in Sacramento.12 short vacation visits, however, he had lived away from home . With his younger sister leaving for college , I was 13 happy to have Marc back . Since I was 14 making lunch for his younger brother , I 15 one for Marc , too. Imagine my 16 when I got a call from my 24-year-old son, 17 his lunch.
“Did I do something 18 ?” Don’t you love me 19 , Mom ?” were just a few of the questions he threw at me as I 20 asked him what was wrong.
“My note, Mom .” he answered . “ Where’s my note?”
A．carried B．found C．included D．held
A．difficult B．special C．comfortable D．separate
A．congratulation B．improvement C．explanation D．encouragement
A．loved B．answered C．wrote D．examined
A．lately B．by the way C．by the time D．gradually
A．received B．understood C．enjoyed D．collected
A．copy B．read C．take D．send
A．held up B．gave up C．followed D．continued
A．out B．home C．to college D．to Sacramento
A．organizing B．planning C．comparing D．completing
A．hopefully B．finally C．particularly D．certainly
A．Because of B．Instead of C．Except for D．As for
A．especially B．immediately C．Equally D．generally
A．once B．again C．still D．even
A．packed B．fetched C．Bought D．filled
A．fear B．surprise C．anger D．disappointment
A．waiting for B．worrying about C．caring for D．asking about
A．wrong B．funny C．strange D．smart
A．any more B．enough C．once more D．better
A．interestingly B．bitterly C．politely D．laughingly
完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D) 中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
We were standing at the top of a church tower. My father had __1__ me to this spot in a small town not far from our home in Rome. I wondered __2__.
“Look __3__, Elsa,” Father said. I gathered all my __4__ and looked down. I saw the square in the centre of the village. And I saw the crisscross(十字形) of twisting, turning streets leading to the __5__. “See, my dear,” Father said gently. “There is more than one way to the square. __6__ is like that. If you can’t get to the place where you want to go __7__ one road, try another.”
Now I understood why I was there. __8__ that day I had begged my mother to do __9__ about the terrible lunches that were served at school. But she __10__ because she could not believe the lunches were as __11__ as I said.
When I __12__ my father for help, he would not help. _13__, he brought me to this high tower to __14__ me a lesson — the value of an open, searching mind. By the time we reached home, I had a __15__.
At school the next day, I _16__ poured my lunch soup into a bottle and brought it home. Then I asked our cook to _17__ it to mother at dinner. The plan __18__ perfectly. She swallowed one spoonful and said, “The cook must have gone mad!” Quickly I told what I had done, and mother said firmly that she would take up the matter of lunches at school the next day.
In the years that followed I often remembered the lesson father taught me. I began to work as a fashion designer two years ago. I wouldn’t stop working __19__ I tried every possible means to my goal. Father’s wise words always __20__ me that there is more than one way to the square.
A．taken B．sent C．brought D．left
A．that B．why C．what D．how
A．down B．up C．out D．around
A．strength B．courage C．spirit D．bravery
A．tower B．church C．square D．village
A．School B．Society C．Family D．Life
A．in B．on C．by D．at
A．Earlier B．Later C．After D．During
A．her best B．a favor C．something D．everything
A．defended B．refused C．excused D．agreed
A．well B．good C．bad D．usual
A．belonged to B．turned to C．tried to D．led to
A．Therefore B．So C．Instead D．Anyway
A．show B．make C．prepare D．give
A．plan B．question C．problem D．suggestion
A．angrily B．secretly C．kindly D．politely
A．cook B．boil C．make D．serve
A．made B．failed C．worked D．took
A．if B．once C．since D．until
A．remind B．approve C．affect D．limit
完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入的空白处的最佳选项，并从答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A man lost his legs in a tragic accident. After the accident, only two fingers 1 on his right hand.
However, he was bright, creative and educated. He had gained much experience while traveling throughout the world. Yet, he became very 2 after the accident. He was afraid he would spend his life3 and would no longer be able to live a life in a(n) 4 way.
One day, he remembered how he had5 loved getting letters. He realized that he still had partial 6 of his right hand and could write with difficulty. Then, he had an idea. “Why not write to other people who need 7 ?”
Who to write to? He thought of people in prison. Many of them hoped to 8 their freedom. Others would keep feeling sad and remain locked away for the rest of their lives. He decided that he must try to 9 them.
He wrote to a prison officer about sending letters to prisoners. The prison officer replied that writing to the prisoners would be10 . However, it would be 11 prison rules for them to write back.
Filled with the 12 of carrying out his idea, the man knew he had to write. He began sending one-way13 of love, hope, strength and encouragement.
He14 twice a week, testing his strength and ability to the limit. He poured his heart and soul into his words,15 his experience and optimism.
It was difficult to write those letters, especially without hope of a16 . Frequently, he felt discouraged. He often wondered if anyone17 read his letters. However, he determined to18 as long as he could help others.
One day he received a letter from the prison officer. It was a short note from the officer who monitored and19 the prison mails.
The letter said, “Please write on the best paper you can20 . Your letters are passed from cell (牢房) to cell until they fall to pieces!”
A．appeared B．remained C．grew D．developed
A．moved B．depressed C．interested D．tired
A．worrying B．regretting C．thinking D．suffering
A．meaningful B．different C．new D．attractive
A．seldom B．never C．always D．hardly
A．muscle B．energy C．task D．function
A．money B．knowledge C．friendship D．encouragement
A．enjoy B．express C．regain D．receive
A．educate B．reach C．save D．support
A．impossible B．necessary C．acceptable D．difficult
A．against B．above C．from D．within
A．plan B．strength C．ability D．intention
A．messages B．tickets C．gifts D．rules
A．played B．traveled C．wrote D．studied
A．forgetting B．sharing C．increasing D．forming
A．story B．reply C．job D．reward
A．immediately B．already C．actually D．luckily
A．wait B．ask C．change D．continue
A．checked B．chose C．kept D．sent
A．make B．afford C．imagine D．expect