Why play games? Because they are fun, and a lot more besides. Following the rules…planning your next move...acting as a team member…these are all “game” ideas that you will come across throughout your life.
Think about some of the games you played as a young child, such as rope-jumping and hide-and-seek. Such games are entertaining and fun. But perhaps more importantly, they translate life into exciting dramas that teach children some of the basic rules they will be expected to follow the rest of their lives, such as taking turns and cooperating (合作) .
Many children’s games have a practical side. Children around the world play games that prepare them for work they will do as grown-ups. For instance, some Saudi Arabian children play a game called bones. Which sharpens the hand-eye coordination (协调) needed in hunting.
Many sports encourage national or local pride. The most famous games of all, the Olympic Games, bring athletes from around the world together to take part in friendly competition. People who watch the event wave flags, knowing that a gold medal is a win for an entire country, not just the athlete who earned it. For countries experiencing natural disasters or war, an Olympic win can mean so much.
Sports are also an event that unites people. Soccer is the most popular sport in the world. People on all continents play it—some for fun and some for a living. Nicolette Iribarne, a Californian soccer player, has discovered a way to give people hope through soccer. He created a foundation (基金会) to provide poor children with not only soccer balls but also a promising future.
Next time you play your favorite game or sport, think about why you enjoy it, what skills are needed, and whether these skills will help you in other aspects of your life.The underlined part in Paragraph 2 most probably means that games can________.
| A．describe life in an exciting way |
| B．turn real-life experiences into a play |
| C．make learning life skills more interesting |
| D．change people’s views of sporting events |
Iribarne’s goal of forming the foundation is to _______.
| A．bring fun to poor kids |
| B．provide soccer balls for children |
| C．give poor kids a chance for a better life |
| D．appeal to soccer players to help poor kids |
What can be learned from the passage?
| A．Games benefit people all their lives. |
| B．Sports can get all athletes together. |
| C．People are advised to play games for fun. |
| D．Sports increase a country’s competitiveness. |
An electric signal can trick a monkey’s brain into believing the animal’s finger has been touched.
Touch something, and your brain knows. The hand sends signals to the brain to announce contact was made. But that feeling of touch may not require making actual contact, tests on monkeys now show. Zapping brain cells can fool the animal into thinking its finger has touched something.
A person who has lost a limb or become paralyzed may need an artificial limb to complete everyday tasks. But such patients may not truly feel any objects they hold. The new findings point toward one day creating a sense of touch in those who use such artificial limbs. Psychologist Sliman Bensmaia of University of Chicago worked on the new tests. His team’s findings appeared on October 14 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.
The sense of touch is crucial to everyday tasks: People without it may have difficulty cracking an egg, lifting a cup or even turning a doorknob. That’s why restoring it is a major goal for designers of artificial limbs.
In their new study, Bensmaia and his co-workers worked with rhesus monkeys (恒河猴). The scientists implanted electrodes (电极)--- small devices that can detect and relay an electrical signal—into the animals’ brains. The scientists used the electrode data to identify which neurons had become active. Then the scientists used the implanted electrodes to zap those same neurons. And the monkeys reacted as though their fingers had been touched. In fact, they hadn’t.
The monkeys couldn’t use words to tell the scientists what they had felt. Instead, they communicated by looking in a particular direction—just as when they had really been touched.
The new findings show how touch-sensitive devices could be built. The new study also offers “ a nice clear pathway” for figuring out how to restore a sense of touch to an amputee(被截肢者) or someone with a injury of spinal cord.
The study shows how artificial limbs might be connected to the brain so that a person can “feel” with such a prosthesis (假肢). But such a supersensory device doesn’t exist yet and scientists have a lot of work to do before people will benefit from it. Researchers must first figure out whether the electrodes would work in people in the same way they do in monkeys.
“ I think the foundation is laid for human trials,” Bensmaia said.What does the underlined word “it” refer to ?
| A．The sense of touch. |
| B．An artificial limb. |
| C．The turning of a doorknob. |
| D．The lifting of a cup |
Bensmania tested monkeys to prove that the feeling of touch_________.
| A．is important to everyday tasks |
| B．may not require making actual contact |
| C．is a problem of life and death |
| D．may be a challenge for designers of artificial limbs. |
Monkeys tell researchers their sense of touch by _______.
| A．putting up one of their fingers |
| B．making their brain cells active |
| C．looking in a particular direction |
| D．mimicking natural signals in the brain |
The last sentence of the text suggests humans _________.
| A．will use touch-sensitive devices |
| B．will test monkeys soon |
| C．lay foundations for monkey trials |
| D．will be tested on the electrodes |
The passage is mainly about ________.
| A．restoring a sense of touch |
| B．fooling a clever monkey |
| C．making new artificial limbs |
| D．sending a signal with a touch |
SUMMER OUTDOOR MOVIES
| Pre-movie activities |
|
| July 2: |
The Great SBCC Challenge ----SBCC |
| July 9: |
Magician ---- Jeff Evans |
| July 16: |
Pizza Toss ---- Pagliacci |
| July 23: |
Name the Right Price ---- Whole Foods Market |
| July 30: |
Banana Races ---- Edible Arrangements |
| Aug 6: |
60 Second Challenge ---- Inome |
| Aug 13: |
Zumba Fitness ---- SBCC |
| Aug 20: |
Movie Trivia Night ---- Bellevue. com |
Family, Friends, and Neighbors, get cool !
Bring your picnics, blankets and low-back chairs!
The Parks & Community Services Department presents free outdoor movies with popcorn at Bellevue Downtown Park this summer. Grab a blanket, a low-back chair, family, friends, neighbors or co-workers, and head to the park. Sponsored by Inome, films will be shown under the stars on a huge, 40-foot inflatable(可充气的) screen with a state-of-the-art projection(放映) and sound system.
The movie series begins on Tuesday, July 2, 2014. Activities, which last about one hour, begin at 8 pm before each movie, so come early, stake your ground and have some fun. Movies are family-friendly and carry a PG (parental guidance) rating.
Support a great cause; each movie night is accompanied by a different charity. Please bring suggested donated items to support the organization of the night. Your donations will make a difference to the poor, disabled and disadvantaged.
● Location- Bellevue Downtown Park, 10201 NE Fourth St. Bellevue at Downtown Park’s parking lots.
● In case of inclement weather, such as heavy rains, or violent storms, movies will be held indoors at the South Bellevue Community Center, 14509 SE Newport Way.
● Movies and activities are subject to change without notice.The movie series lasts about __________.
| A．eight weeks | B．five weeks |
| C．seven weeks | D．ten weeks |
Movies begin at about __________.
| A．6 pm | B．7 pm | C．8 pm | D．9 pm |
We can infer that the Summer Outdoor Movies is mainly intended to _________.
| A．provide amusements and entertainments for the kids |
| B．collect money for the poor, disabled and disadvantaged |
| C．promote new products made by Whole Foods Market |
| D．offer chances to young people to display their talents |
The underlined word “ inclement” means “______”.
| A．fine | B．bad | C．cool | D．Hot |
I was 18 when Tim and I began to date. Shy and quiet, I’d met his parents once before but hadn’t ventured to say more than “ Hello”. This particular evening, however, we were taking them out to dinner for their anniversary and I wanted to make a good impression.
Tim and his parents arrived and I was out the door in a flash. My good impression began with “ punctual”. I sat in the backseat beside Tim nervously watching his father’s eyes glance into the rearview mirror to examine me.
Tim and his parents had already decided on their favorite Mexican restaurant and that was fine with me; the dim lighting would hide the rising flush of my cheeks, and if anyone noticed, I could blame it on the peppers. With proper table manners I managed to survive halfway through dinner without making any unforgivable mistakes. However, in the midst of conversation I reached for my iced tea, raised the glass to my lips and very quickly discovered I had picked up the wrong glass.
I quickly lowered the glass and set it back but it was too late; I had burnt my eyebrows, the hair in my nose, and curl over my forehead! I looked up slowly, praying no one had seen me, but all eyes at the table had seen and each face stared at me in shocked silence. Excusing myself, I ran to the restroom.
I would have hidden there forever but I’d barely gotten in the door when Tim’s mother arrived. “ Ah, honey,” she said, holding out her arms to me. “ Everything will be just fine.”
Tim and I eventually married. We had a small ceremony and a family reception afterwards held at the very restaurant where this incident occurred. This time, however, I didn’t drink any candles… only a Margarita（一种鸡尾酒名）; they were served in different glasses.It can be inferred from the passage that___________.
| A．the author had never met her parents-in-law before dinning together |
| B．Tim and the author took the bus to get to the restaurant |
| C．Tim’s father was curious to know about the author |
| D．Tim’s mother was not satisfied with the author’s behavior |
According to the passage, the author______________.
| A．felt very sorry for being late meeting Tim’s parents |
| B．mistook wine for drinks and got drunk |
| C．had her eyebrows burnt because of her nervousness |
| D．left a bad impression on Tim’s parents |
What would be the best title of the passage?
| A．Please Don’t Drink the Candles |
| B．Please Don’t Light the Candles |
| C．Please Behave Yourself |
| D．You Can Never Make a First Impression for a Second Time |
If you bought some candy months ago but never ate it, how can you tell whether it’s still safe to eat? The easiest way is to check the “expiration date (保质期)” printed on the wrapper. If that date has already passed, you’re likely to throw the candy away. But is that really necessary?
According to a new report from the US Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC), tons of food is wasted each year, largely because people don’t fully understand what expiration dates, or “use-by dates”, actually mean.
Food dating was introduced in 1970s because customers wanted more information about the things that they were eating. When they first showed up, use-by dates were only supposed to indicate freshness because producers wanted their products to be tasted in their best conditions.
But the truth is that these dates aren’t related to the risk of food poisoning or food-born illness, according to Time News. However, most customers misinterpreted use-by dates and related them to the safety of the food, and they still largely do now.
Eggs, for example, can still be eaten three to five weeks after purchase even though the use-by date is much earlier. When their use-by dates pass, strawberry juice may lose its red color and biscuits may lose their crunch（松脆的口感）, but they are not harmful.
“It’s a confusing subject, the difference between food quality and food safety,” said Jena Roberts, vice president of National Food Lab, a US food testing company. “Even in the food industry I have colleagues who get confused.”
This is why scientists are calling for a standard explanation to be printed following the use-by dates. “We want this to be clearly communicated so customers are not misinterpreting the date and contributing to a lot of waste,” said Dana Gunders, a staff scientist with the NRDC.
But this won’t be a mistake that is easy to correct since people have believed it for so long. Another problem is that the quality levels of different foods change differently-some are still eatable long after their use-by date while others are not.
As a result, food industry officials are now thinking of changing the use-by date to a date indicating when food is most likely to throw away.According to the text, use-by date was first intended to ________.
| A．reduce the waste of food |
| B．show whether the food was fresh |
| C．show the safety of food |
| D．give a warming of food poisoning |
Which of following is TRUE?
| A．Most customers understand what use-by date mean. |
| B．Biscuits can’t be eaten when not as crunchy as they were bought. |
| C．“ Use-by dates” have existed for more than 50 years. |
| D．Even after their use-by dates pass, some food are still safe to eat. |
Scientists are calling for a standard explanation to be printed together with the use-by dates because________.
| A．Most consumers often misunderstand use-by dates |
| B．use-by dates are not helpful or reliable |
| C．more consumers get worried about food safety |
| D．the quality level of different foods changes differently |
Unlike chemists and physicists, who usually do their experiments using machines, biologists and medical researchers have to use living things like rats. But there are three Nobel prize-winning scientists who actually chose to experiment on themselves – all in the name of science, reported The Telegraph.
1. Werner Forssmann (Nobel prize winner in 1956)
Forssmann was a German scientist. He studied how to put a pipe inside the heart to measure the pressure inside and decide whether a patient needs surgery.
Experiments had been done on horses before, so he wanted to try with human patients. But it was not permitted because the experiment was considered too dangerous.
Not giving up, Forssmann decided to experiment on himself. He anaesthetized (麻醉) his own arm and made a cut, putting the pipe 30 centimeters into his vein (静脉). He then climbed two floors to the X-ray room before pushing the pipe all the way into his heart.
2. Barry Marshall (Nobel prize winner in 2005)
Most doctors in the mid-20th century believed that gastritis was down to stress, spicy food or an unusually large amount of stomach acid. But in 1979 an Australian scientist named Robin Warren found that the disease might be related to a bacteria (细菌) called Helicobacter pylori.
So he teamed up with his colleague, Barry Marshall, to continue the study. When their request to experiment on patients was denied, Marshall bravely drank some of the bacteria. Five days later, he lost his appetite and soon was vomiting each morning – he indeed had gastritis.
3. Ralph Steinman (Nobel prize winner in 2011)
This Canadian scientist discovered a new type of immune system cell called the dendritic cell. He believed that it had the ability to fight against cancer.
Steinman knew he couldn’t yet use his method to treat patients. So in 2007, when doctors told him that he had cancer and that it was unlikely for him to live longer than a year, he saw an opportunity.
With the help of his colleagues, he gave himself three different vaccines based on his research and a total of eight experimental therapies (疗法). Even though Steinman eventually died from his cancer, he lived four and a half years, much longer than doctors had said he would.The passage is mainly about _________.
| A．some dangerous experiments that Nobel prize winners did on themselves |
| B．difficulties that scientists went through in order to make important discoveries |
| C．the reasons why some scientists chose to experiment on themselves |
| D．three Nobel prize winners who did experiments on themselves |
Which of the following is TRUE according to the article?
| A．Forssmann’s experiment ended in failure. |
| B．Forssmann managed to do his experiment on different kinds of animals. |
| C．Barry Marshall succeeded by drinking some Helicobacter pylori. |
| D．Barry Marshall’s experiment on himself confirmed that most doctors’ belief about gastritis was correct. |
From the text, we can conclude that Ralph Steinman _________.
| A．discovered a new type of cancer cell called the dendritic cell |
| B．tried different therapies containing the dendritic cell on himself |
| C．knew that he himself would have cancer and die from it |
| D．believed that he was better than doctors at treating cancer |