InjuniorhighschoolinAmerica,ki-优题课

阅读理解
(2013温州)
It is widely agreed that the overuse of fossil fuels，such as coal and oil has caused serious environmental problems．Scientists are trying to find new clean energies that do not pollute the air，the water or the ground．Solar power is one of them．

Solar power is a kind of electricity which is produced by taking energy from the sun，using solar panels．The solar panels are usually fixed on the roofs of houses and buildings．It is the family solar power system．Some countries are even beginning to build solar power plants by setting thousands of solar panels in the places where there is enough sunshine．Solar power has many advantages．The power is easy to get and will never be used up．Whenever it is sunny，there is the power．The power is clean and renewable．It helps to reduce waste and pollution，which is great for the environment．In the areas that are too far away to send electricity to or not easy to build electric power plants，solar power is especially necessary．It enables the people there to use lights，TVs，computers，washing machines，fridges and many other things．
Therefore，more and more countries，such as China，the USA，Japan and India，encourage scientists to develop practical technology to put solar power to use．However，the power is not as widely used as expected．
One of the challenges is that a solar power system needs sunshine．Countries or areas with a lot of rain，like the UK，are not suitable to develop such power systems．Secondly，a solar power plant requires a very large site to fix enough solar panels to collect sunlight and change it into electricity．Maybe an area in the desert would be one of the perfect places for such a plant to build．What’s more，solar panels are expensive at present though the energy itself doesn’t cost anything．
Today scientists are working hard to develop more practical and cheaper solar power systems．Maybe one day solar power will be one of the most important clean energies in our life．
Solar power is a kind of energy taken from________．

A．the air

B．the sun

C．the water

D．the ground

The underlined word“reduce”probably means________．

A．to make something less

B．to make something better

C．to make something more

D．to make something cleaner

What is the fourth paragraph of the passage mainly about？

A．The ways to use solar power．

B．The advantages of solar power．

C．The places to build the solar power plants．

D．The difficulties of putting solar power to use widely．

What can we learn from the passage？

A．Solar energy itself is expensive．

B．Solar power will be used up very soon．

C．Solar power is a kind of clean and useful energy．

D．Solar power is much better than the other energies．

阅读理解
(2014山西)
What does it mean to be green？“Green”is more than just a color．It also means taking special steps to protect the environment—the water，the land，and the air we breathe．Why green？Plants are green，and without them the earth wouldn’t be such a lovely home for us human beings．
Sometimes people call ours a“throw—away society”．That means we are always throwing away old things and buying new ones．Many times，if you no longer need something，someone else just might need it．For example，if your brother is old enough not to play with his plastic bike，why not give it to another family who has a little kid so that they don’t need to buy one？And one less large plastic toy doesn’t need to be produced．
Recycling(回收利用)has never been easier．Many organizations will pick it up right in front of your house and some towns even require(要求)it．Tell your mom or dad you want to become“Chief of Recycling”for your family．Now that you know what things you can recycle，find a place to keep them．Make sure you encourage everyone in your house to think whether things can be reused or recycled before they’re thrown away．
Almost everyone likes traveling．But next time before you travel around the world，take a look at your own backyard．Is there a place where you could plant a tree or put in a little fruit or vegetable garden？If so，get there and get your hands dirty．Then you can watch with pride as your tree takes root，and your garden plants grow into big plants full of ripe，red tomatoes or tiny，juicy blueberries．Who knew being green would taste so good？

In the first paragraph，the writer introduces the topic of the passage by________．
A．telling an interesting story
B．explaining the word“green”
C．giving some special examples
In a“throw－away”society，________．
A．people shouldn’t produce any plastic things
B．people can get anything they want from others
C．people always throw away the used things and buy new ones
To be“Chief of Recycling”．you should________．
A．recycle things all by yourself
B．ask your family to use the old things all the time
C．find a place to keep the things that can be recycled
You are advised to run a fruit or vegetable garden in order to________．
A．creat a green environment
B．make a lot of money
C．get your hands dirty
The purpose of the passage is to tell us that________．
A．we must enjoy nature
B．we had better eat more green food
C．we should protect our environment

阅读理解
Rachel Carson was born in the USA on May 27，1907．Her mother，Maria Carson，had been a schoolteacher．She loved books．She also loved nature．She showed Rachel the beauty of nature．
She also taught Rachel a deep love for books．As a quiet child，Rachel liked to read and write stories．At a very early age，she decided she wanted to be a writer some day．Her story first appeared in a children’s magazine when she was ten years old．
Her first book，Under the Sea Wind came out in 1941．In 1948．Miss Carson began working on another book，The Sea Around Us．She always researched carefully when she wrote．She collected information from more than one thousand places to write The Sea Around Us．When the book came out in 1951。it won the National Book Award．It was No.1 on the best－seller list for more than a year．The Sea Around Us made Rachel Carson famous．
Rachel Carson’s most famous book，Silent Spring came out in 1962．In this book，she pointed out that the use of some kinds of pesticides(杀虫剂)like DDT would cause the number of birds to decline because it would kill them as well．Finally，in November 1969，the United States government，decided that the use of DDT must stop in two years．
Rachel Carson has been regarded as a great environmentalist(环保主义者)and writer．She will be remembered by the world．
Rachel Carson had a deep love for nature and books because of________．

A．her father

B．her mother

C．her schoolteacher

D．her brother

Rachel decided that she wanted to be a writer when________．

A．she was very young

B．she was in college

C．she became a teacher

D．she became famous

The Chinese meaning of the word“decline”in this passage is probably“________”．

A．增加

B．减少

C．维持

D．翻番

Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage？

A．Rachel Carson was a careful and serious writer．

B．The Sea Around Us won the National Book Award．

C．In Silent Spring Rachel said some pesticides were bad for the environment．

D．The use of DDT was stopped as soon as the book Silent Spring came out．

阅读理解(2014贵阳)
Paul Nicklen waited patiently on a sheet of ice in the Arctic．He was there to take pictures for National Geographic．Finally，he saw something big and white．It was a polar bear，swimming towards him in the icy water．
Paul lay down on the ice to get a better photo，but the polar bear jumped out of the water and tried to attack him！Luckily for Paul，the ice cracked，or broke．and the bear fell back into the water．The polar bear wasn’t so lucky．It couldn’t get a meal and had to swim farther away to find food．
To understand the polar bear’s problem，you need to know two things about the Arctic．First，the Arctic is mostly ocean．Second，ice covers a lot of the Arctic Ocean．In winter，the ice forms a thick，white sheet，but in summer，the ice becomes thinner and breaks into pieces．Sea ice is the key to survival(幸存)for Arctic animals．However，because of global warming，Arctic temperatures are rising and polar ice is melting．
Polar bears need ice to hunt seals，their favorite meal．They stand on the ice and wait for the seals to come up for air．As Arctic ice melts，polar bears have to swim farther to find ice floes，or large pieces of floating ice．Sometimes，bears have to swim more than 200 km to find an ice floe．Some bears cannot swim that far and，sadly，they drown．
On his last trip，Paul Nicklen saw three dead bodies of polar bears．Before global warming threatened Arctic ice，a dead bear was a rare sight．Paul is sad to see the dead bodies．Wildlife experts think global warming will have a terrible effect on polar bears．In the future，polar ice will continue to shrink and endanger the bears．some scientists believe 65 percent of the world’s polar bears will disappear by 2050．In other words，polar bears are in great danger．
The main idea of the passage is that________．
A．polar bears are amazing swimmers
B．Arctic temperatures are rising
C．global warming is endangering polar bears
The polar bear that tried to attack Paul was unlucky because________．
A．Paul swam away
B．it was on an ice floe
C．it couldn’t eat Paul
According to the passage，polar bears hunt seals by________．
A．waiting on the ice
B．waiting in the water
C．drowning the seals
From the passage，Paul Nicklen is maybe a________．
A．scientist
B．photographer
C．psychologist
We can infer that polar bears________．
A．won’t have any food in 2050
B．will all die before 2050
C．cannot find food easily

阅读理解
(2014广州)
　　In early November of 1503，during Christopher Columbus’s fourth and final trip to America，his ship was seriously damaged in a storm．Columbus and his men had to live on a small island for several months while they tried to repair their ship and return to Spain．
　　At first，the local people on the island were very kind to the European visitors，giving them allthe food and clothes they needed to survive．However，as the months passed，the local people became more and more unhappy with their guests，who were tricking and stealing from them．Finally the locals decided to stop helping．Without food or any way to leave the island，Columbus’s group was soon in serious trouble．
　　Luckily for Columbus，he had a book about the stars and planets on his ship．It described the movements of all the objects in the night sky．The book，written by a well－known German scientist，said there would be a total lunar eclipse(月食)on the evening of February 29，1504 and how long it would last．
　　Columbus worked out the difference in time between Germ any and North America．He then had a meeting with the local leaders just before the eclipse would take place．In this meeting，Columbus told them his god was angry because the local people were no longer giving food．So his god would take away the moon to punish them．The moment Columbus finished talking，just as he had planned，the moon began disappearing．
　　The local leaders grew frightened and quickly agreed to provide Columbus with food and anything else he wanted．But first，Columbus’s god had to return the moon．Columbus told them he would have to discuss the idea with his god on his ship．Knowing the moon would stay completely hidden for about 48 minutes，Columbus returned just before the moon began to reappear．From that day on，until they finally left，Columbus and his men no longer had any trouble getting the food they needed．
At first，the local people helped Columbus and his men by________．

A．giving them food

B．building a house for them

C．repairing their ship

D．providing them with a book

The local people became angry because the Europeans________．

A．looked very different

B．had nothing to trade

C．were cheats and thieves

D．wanted to take their land

Where did Columbus learn about the lunar eclipse？

A．From a book．

B．From the moon．

C．From his group．

D．From the locals．

What did Columbus do after returning to his ship on the night of the meeting？

A．He discussed the problem with his god．

B．He waited for the eclipse to finish．

C．He read about the stars and planets．

D．He told his men what happened．

What can we learn about the Europeans from the passage？

A．They all believed in god．

B．They never returned to Spain．

C．They admired the local people．

D．They caused their own problems．

A．Meat and fruit.	B．Hot dogs and hamburgers.
C．Hot dogs and sugar.	D．Bread and hamburgers.

A．at five o’clock	B．at six thirty
C．at six o’clock	D．at five thirty

A．Favorite food	B．Junior high school
C．Outdoor activities	D．School life in America