Ernest Miller Hemingway (July 21, 1899—July 2, 1961) was an American writer and journalist. His writing style had a strong influence on 20th-century fiction, while his life of adventure and his public image(形象) affected later generations. Hemingway produced most of his works between the mid-1920s and the mid-1950s, and won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1954.
Hemingway was raised in Illinois. After high school he reported for The Kansas City Star, before leaving for the Italian front to enlist with the World War I ambulance drivers. In 1918, he was seriously wounded and returned home. In 1922, he married Hadley Richardson. The couple moved to Paris, where he worked as a foreign journalist. Advised and encouraged by other American writers in Paris—F. Scott Fitzgerald, Gertrude Stein, Ezra Pound, he began to see his work appear in print there, and in 1925 his first important book, a collection of stories called In Our Time, was published. A year later, he published The Sun Also Rises, a novel with which he scored his first solid success. The writing of books occupied Hemingway for most of the postwar years. He remained based in Paris, but he traveled widely for bullfighting(斗牛), fishing, and hunting that by then had become part of his life and formed the background for much of his writing. Hemingway’s love of Spain and bullfighting resulted in Death in the Afternoon (1932). His position as a master of short fiction had been advanced by Men Without Women in 1927. The harvest of Hemingway’s considerable experience of Spain in war and peace was the novel For Whom the Bell Tolls (1940). In the public view, however, the novel A Farewell to Arms (1929) overshadowed such works.
Shortly after he published The Old Man and the Sea in 1952, Hemingway went to Africa, where he was almost killed in a plane crash that left him in pain or ill-health for much of the rest of his life. Hemingway lived in Florida and Cuba during the 1930s and 1940s, but in 1959 he moved from Cuba to Ketchum, Idaho, where ended his life in the summer of 1961.Which best arranges Hemingway’s works in the correct order of time?
a. A Farewell to Arms b. Men Without Women
c. The Old Man and the Sea d. Death in the Afternoon
e. The Sun Also Rises f. For Whom the Bell Tolls
A.e, a, b, f, d, c | B.e, b, a, d, f, c |
C.b, a, d, f, e, c | D.b, d, a, e, c, f |
The underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 probably means that A Farewell to Arms .
A.was thought to be better than other works of Hemingway’s |
B.was considered to make a show in Hemingway’s life |
C.was only as excellent as the other works of Hemingway’s |
D.was believed to be among the worst works of Hemingway’s |
Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Hemingway must have spent his childhood in Italy.
B. Hemingway was an energetic writer with a wide interest.
C. Hemingway’s first book In Our Time was published before 1925.
D Hemingway won the Nobel Prize for Literature just before his death.It can be concluded from the passage that .
A.Hemingway produced most of his works in Africa |
B.Hemingway led a very happy life in his last few years |
C.most of Hemingway’s works were based on his life experience |
D.Hemingway’s writing style affected the life of later generations |
The easy way out isn't always easiest.I learned that lesson when I decided to treat Doug, my husband of one month, to a special meal.I glanced through my cookbook and chose a menu which included homemade bread.Knowing the bread would take time, I started on it as soon as Doug left for work.As I was not experienced in cooking, I thought if a dozen was good, two dozen would be better, so I doubled everything.As Doug loved oranges, I also opened a can of orange and poured it all into the bowl.Soon there was a sticky dough (面团) covered with ugly yellowish marks.Realizing I had been defeated, I put the dough in the rubbish bin outside so I wouldn't have to face Doug laughing at my work.I went on preparing the rest of the meal and, when Doug got home, we sat down to Cornish chicken with rice.He tried to enjoy the meal but seemed disturbed.Twice he got up and went outside, saying he thought he heard a noise.The third time he left, I went to the windows to see what he was doing.Looking out, I saw Doug standing about three feet from the rubbish bin, holding the lid up with a stick and looking into the container.When I came out of the house, he dropped the stick and explained that there was something alive in our rubbish bin.Picking up the stick again, he held the lid up enough for me to see.I felt cold.But I stepped closer and looked harder.Without doubt it was my work.The hot sun had caused the dough to double in size and the fermenting yeast (酵母) made the surface shake and sigh as though it were breathing.I had to admit what the "living thing" was and why it was there.I don't know who was more embarrassed by the whole thing--- Doug or me.The writer's purpose in writing this story is ________.
A.to tell an interesting experience |
B.to show the easiest way out of a difficulty |
C.to describe the trouble facing a newly married woman |
D.to explain the difficulty of learning to cook from books |
Why did the woman's attempt at making the bread turn out to be unsuccessful?
A.The canned orange had gone bad. |
B.She didn't use the right kind of flour. |
C.The cookbook was hard to understand. |
D.She did not follow the directions closely. |
Why did the woman put the dough in the rubbish bin?
A.She didn't see the use of keeping it |
B.She meant to joke with her husband. |
C.She didn't want her husband to see it. |
D.She hoped it would soon dry in the sun. |
What made the dough in the bin look frightening?
A.The rising and falling movement. |
B.The strange-looking marks. |
C.Its shape. |
D.Its size. |
When Doug went out the third time, the woman looked out of the window because she was_____.
A.surprised at his being interested in the bin |
B.afraid that he would discover her secret |
C.unhappy that he didn't enjoy the meal |
D.curious to know what disturbed him |
All the housewives who went to the new supermarket had one great ambition: to be the lucky customer who did not have to pay for her shopping.For this was what the notice just inside the entrance promised.It said: “Remember, once a week, one of our customers gets free goods.This May Be Your Lucky Day!”
For several weeks Mrs. Edwards hoped, like many of her friends, to be the lucky customer.Unlike her friends, she never gave up hoping.The cupboards in kitchen were full of things which she did not need.Her husband tried to advise her against buying things but failed.She dreamed of the day when the manager of the supermarket would approach her and say: “Madam, this is Your Lucky Day.Everything in your basket is free.”
One Friday morning, after she had finished her shopping and had taken it to her car, she found that she had forgotten to buy any tea.She dashed back to the supermarket, got the tea and went towards the cash-desk.As she did so, she saw the manager of the supermarket approach her.“Madam,” he said, holding out his hand, “I want to congratulate you! You are our lucky customer and everything you have in your basket is free!”The housewives learnt about the free goods _______.
A.on TV | B.at the supermarket |
C.from the manager | D.from the newspaper |
Mrs. Edwards ________.
A.is always very lucky |
B.had no friends |
C.hoped to get free shopping |
D.gets disappointed easily |
Mrs. Edwards’s husband tried to ________.
A.make her unhappy | B.cheer her up |
C.buy things with her | D.stop her buying things |
Mrs. Edwards went back to the supermarket quickly because she had to _______.
A.buy another thing | B.talk to the manager |
C.pay for her shopping | D.find her shopping |
Mrs. Edwards must have been ________.
A.pleased | B.delighted |
C.proud | D.disappointed |
A safari park is a park in which wild animals are kept. They are mainly located in east or central Africa. They often occupy a very wild area, with mountains and rivers. To visit the park and look at the animals, people have to drive around in a car for a few of hours because the park is huge.
In south Africa there is a safari park, which contains all sorts of wild animals like lions, elephants, rhinoceroses, zebras, wild pigs, deer and giraffes.
There is a wild road leading through the park, but nobody is permitted to walk on the road. Anyone traveling in the park has to go in a car because wild animals may fiercely attack people. From the car he may see almost every types of African wildlife. Some of these are getting rare because people kill them for various reasons. For example, rhinoceroses are killed for their horns, which are used in traditional Chinese medicines for colds and headaches. Perhaps they will be seen only in museums and books one day.
Travels may purchase food for the animals. They can feed them when they tour the park. Of course, they should not feed them in a close distance because the wild animals may attack people. In addition, they should only give proper food to the animals.
A traveler may carry a gun with him in his journey. The gun is given to him by the government. However, it is not used for hunting. In fact, a seal(封条) is fixed to it. The traveler may fire at a wild beast to defend himself in case he is attacked. However, he has to prove to the government that he has been attacked and that he has not fired at a harmless animal.When travelers feed the animals, they should _________.
A.give nutritious food | B.stay away from the animals |
C.stand close | D.use tools |
The government knows whether the gun is fired by the traveler or not by ___________.
A.checking the seal | B.hunting the animals |
C.following the traveler | D.observing the traveler |
What is the best title of this passage?
A.Protecting Wild Animals |
B.Traveling in South Africa |
C.A Safari Park in South Africa |
D.Wild Animals in South Africa |
Throughout July 1945, the Japanese mainland, from Tokyo on Honshu northward to the coast of Hokkaido, were bombed as if an invasion were about to take place. In fact, something far more threatening was at hand, as the Americans were telling Stalin at Potsdam.(伯茨坦)
In 1939 physicists in the United States had learned of experiments in Germany showing the possibility of atomic power and understood the coming damage of an atomic bomb. On August 2, 1939, Albert Einstein warned President Roosevelt of the danger of Nazi Germany’s advances in development of the atomic bomb. Eventually, the U.S. Office of Scientific Research Development was created in June 1941 and given combined responsibility with the War Department in the Manhattan Project to develop a nuclear bomb. After four years of research and development efforts, an atomic device was set off on July 16, 1945, in a desert area at Alamogordo, New Mexico, producing an explosive power equal to that of more than 15,000 tons of TNT. Thus, the atomic bomb was born. Truman, the new U.S. president, believed that this terrible object might be used to defeat Japan in a way less costly of U.S. lives than an ordinary invasion of the Japanese homeland. Japan’s unsatisfactory reply to the Allies’ Potsdam Declaration decided the matter.
On August 6, 1945, an atomic bomb, carried from Tinian Island in the Mariana in a specially equipped B-29 was dropped on Hiroshima, at the southern end of Honshu. The combined heat and explosion destroyed everything in the explosion’s immediate neighbourhood , produced fires that burned out almost 4.4 square miles completely, and killed between 70,000 and 80,000 people, in addition to injuring more than 70,000 others. A second bomb dropped on Nagasaki on August 9, killed between 35,000 and 40,000 people, injured a like number and ruined 1.8 square miles.What is the main idea of the passage?
A.An atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. |
B.After research and development efforts, an atomic bomb was born. |
C.An invasion was about to take place with the use of the atomic bomb. |
D.The birth and use of the atomic bomb ended the Second World War. |
Albert Einstein warned Roosevelt of _________.
A.Nazi Germany’ success in making an atomic bomb |
B.the possibility of atomic power from Nazi Germany |
C.Japan’s unsatisfactory reply to the Allies’ Potsdam Declaration |
D.destruction of everything from the explosion of the atomic bomb |
What made the U.S. decide to drop the atomic bombs over Japan?
A.Truman’s becoming the president of the United States. |
B.The great destruction power of the atomic bomb. |
C.Reducing the cost of its lives. |
D.Not being content with Japan’s reply. |
How many people were killed by the two bombs dropped in Japan?
A.Between 105,000 and 120,000 people. |
B.Between 35,000 and 40,000 people. |
C.Between 70,000 and 80,000 people. |
D.Between 140,000 and 150,000 people. |
A desert is a beautiful land of silence and space. The sun shines, the wind blows, and time and space seem endless. Nothing is soft. The sand and rocks are hard, and many of the plants even have hard needles instead of leaves.
The size and location of the world's deserts are always changing. Over millions of years, as climates change and mountains rise, new dry and wet areas develop. But within the last 100 years, deserts have been growing at a frightening speed. This is partly because of natural changes, but the greatest makers are humans.
Humans can make deserts, but humans can also prevent their growth. Mauritania is planting a similar wall around Nouakchott, the capital. Iran puts a thin covering of oil on sandy areas and plants trees. The oil keeps the water and small trees in the land, and men on motorcycles keep the sheep and goats away. The USSR and India are building long canals to bring water to desert areas.In this passage, the underlined word “needles” refers to ________.
A.small, thin pieces of steel |
B.long, thin pieces of branches |
C.thin, hard, pointed leaf |
D.small, thin pieces of sticks |
Which of the following is NOT true?
A.The greatest desert makers are human beings. |
B.There aren't any living things in the deserts. |
C.Deserts have been changing quickly. |
D.The size of the deserts is always growing. |
People in some countries are fighting a battle against ________.
A.the growth of deserts |
B.desert climate |
C.natural changes |
D.the disappearance of desert |
What does the author want to tell us?
A.Deserts are lands of hardness, silence and space. |
B.The deserts of the world are changing from time to time. |
C.Man is to take measures to control the growth of deserts. |
D.Deserts have grown at a fast pace in the past 10 years. |