MarilynM．Arnold4500RidgewoodRo-优题课

When you make a mistake, big or small, cherish it like it’s the most precious thing in the world．Because in some ways, it is．
Most of us feel bad when we make mistakes, beat ourselves up about it, feel like failures, get mad at ourselves．
And that’s only natural: most of us have been taught from a young age that mistakes are bad, that we should try to avoid mistakes．We’ve been scolded when we make mistakes—at home, school and work．Maybe not always, but probably enough times to make feeling bad about mistakes an unconscious reaction．
Yet without mistakes, we could not learn or grow．If you think about it that way, mistakes should be cherished and celebrated for being one of the most amazing things in the world: they make learning possible; they make growth and improvement possible．
By trial and error—trying things, making mistakes, and learning from those mistakes—we have figured out how to make electric light, to paint the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, to fly．
Mistakes make walking possible for the smallest toddler, make speech possible, make works of genius possible．
Think about how we learn: we don’t just consume information about something and instantly know it or know how to do it．You don’t just read about painting, or writing, or computer programming, or baking, or playing the piano, and know how to do them right away．Instead, you get information about something, from reading or from another person or from observing, then you make mistakes and repeat, making mistakes, learning from those mistakes, until you’ve pretty much learned how to do something．That’s how we learn as babies and toddlers, and how we learn as adults．Mistakes are how we learn to do something new—because if you succeed at something, it’s probably something you already knew how to do．You haven’t really grown much from that success—at most it’s the last step on your journey, not the whole journey．Most of the journey was made up of mistakes, if it’s a good journey．
So if you value learning, if you value growing and improving, then you should value mistakes．They are amazing things that make a world of brilliance possible．
Why do most of us feel bad about making mistakes?

A．Because mistakes make us suffer a lot．

B．Because it’s a natural part in our life．

C．Because we’ve been taught so from a young age．

D．Because mistakes have ruined many people’s careers．

According to the passage, what is the right attitude to mistakes?

A．We should try to avoid making mistakes．

B．We should owe great inventions mainly to mistakes．

C．We should treat mistakes as good chances to learn．

D．We should make feeling bad about mistakes an unconscious reaction．

The underlined word “toddler” in Paragraph 6 probably means_________．

A．a small child learning to walk

B．a kindergarten child learning to draw

C．a primary pupil learning to read

D．a school teenager learning to write

We can learn from the passage that_________．

A．most of us can really grow from success

B．growing and improving are based on mistakes

C．we learn to make mistakes by trial and error

D．we read about something and know how to do it right away

Guide to Stockholm University Library Our library offers different types of studying places and provides a good studying environment．
Zones
The library is divided into different zones．The upper floor is a quiet zone with over a thousand places for silent reading, and places where you can sit and work with your own computer．The reading places consist mostly of tables and chairs．The ground floor is the zone where you can talk．Here you can find sofas and armchairs for group work．
Computers
You can use your own computer to connect to the wi-fi specially prepared for notebook computers, you can also use library computers, which contain the most commonly used applications, such as Microsoft Office．They are situated in the area known as the Experimental Field on the ground floor．
Group-study places
If you want to discuss freely without disturbing others, you can book a study room or sit at a table on the ground floor．Some study rooms are for 2-3 people and others can hold up to 6-8 people．All rooms are marked on the library maps．
There are 40 group-study rooms that must be booked via the website．To book, you need an active University account and a valid University card．You can use a room three hours per day, nine hours at most per week．
Storage of Study Material
The library has lockers for students to store course literature．When you have obtained at least 40 credits(学分), you may rent a locker and pay 400 SEK for a year’s rental period．
Rules to be Followed
Mobile phone conversations are not permitted anywhere in the library．Keep your phone on silent as if you were in a lecture and exit the library if you need to receive calls．
Please note that food and fruit are forbidden in the library, but you are allowed to have drinks and sweets with you．
The library’s upper floor is mainly for students to________．

A．read in a quiet place

B．have group discussions

C．take comfortable seats

D．get their computers fixed

Library computers on the ground floor________．

A．help students with their field experiments

B．are for those who want to access the wi-fi

C．contain software necessary for schoolwork

D．are mostly used for filling out application forms

What condition should be met to book a group-study room?

A．Group must consist of 8 people．

B．One should have an active University account．

C．Three-hour use per day is the minimum．

D．Applicants must mark the room on the map．

A student can rent a locker in the library if he________．

A．has earned the required credits

B．attends certain course

C．has nowhere to put his books

D．can afford the rental fee

What should NOT be brought into the library？

A．Mobile phones

B．Orange juice

C．Candy

D．Sandwiches

The parents of a troubled teen may feel unsure as to whom to turn to in order to find help for their child. They may feel as if they have exhausted all of their options, and sometimes they are on the verge of giving up. But there is hope. Schools for troubled teens offer discipline and in some cases, drug treatment programs that can provide important life skills, and more importantly, a fresh start.
The following is a list of the most effective types of schools for troubled teens. Not every facility is a match for every child, but by knowing the differences between them, parents can make a better educated decision about where to send their teenager.
Boarding Schools
When a child is unable to deal with the relative freedom of a standard school day, boarding schools might be a good choice. At boarding schools, the child lives in a dorm setting, where almost every minute of the day is scheduled by school administrators.
Treatment Centers
When a teenager has an addiction to drugs or alcohol, a residential center that specializes in young people is an outstanding way to help them break the cycle of addiction. Treatment centers feature individual and group counseling to help identify the root causes of the drug problem and help develop the life skills needed to stay clean when the program is over.
Wilderness Programs
Designed to help improve the discipline and self-reliance of the child, wilderness programs send kids back to nature. By placing them in a foreign and sometimes uncomfortable setting, wilderness programs hope to improve children’s behavior. Programs generally include hikes, exercise programs and team building exercises.
Boot Camps
Boot camps are the most extreme style of school for troubled teens. These facilities are modeled after actual military boot camps, where the individual must get into shape, work as part of a team, and follow a long, hard set of rules and regulations. However, boot camps might not be the best choice for a teen with a drug addiction.
Who would be the intended readers of the passage?

A．Teachers.	B．Parents.
C．Students.	D．Experts.

As the author suggests, schools for troubled teens______.

A．can be a good choice for some desperate parents

B．can completely help and change troubled teens

C．are becoming popular with teens in trouble

D．care more about discipline than life skills

According to the passage, boarding schools_____.

A．provide children with more freedom

B．have their students’ time managed carefully

C．pay much attention to team building exercises

D．can make children feel safer

Taking exams in a large group setting can be stressful for students and for the staff members who are watching over them.
When classrooms are crowded and desks are close together, cheating might be tempting.
One university in Thailand came up with an anti-cheating hat that makes it almost impossible for students to see other students’ papers．A photo of the students wearing the anti-cheating hats made its way to the Internet, and the university was criticized for making students wear those ridiculous looking homemade hats．The hats were made by stapling pieces of paper onto a headband, one to each side of the head.
After being criticized, senior academic staff at Kasetsart University in Bangkok, Thailand, released a statement saying that the hats idea came from students．They said that in a bid to prevent cheating they asked the students for ideas on how to prevent cheating in the upcoming exam, which was being taken by almost one hundred students．Students came up with different ideas, then the paper hat idea was selected by them as the most suitable.
The university claimed that no one was forced to use the hat, but they all chose to do so．“When wearing the hat during the exam, students felt more relaxed, ”Nattadon Rungruangkitkrai, a lecturer at the university said．“It was not meant to indicate that Kasetsart students often cheat on exams．I apologize if the photo makes other people look at my students in a negative way, ”Rungruangkitkrai added.
According to the text, in which case cheating will become easy?

A．When desks are crowded into a classroom.

B．When students are too stressful.

C．When too many students are sitting in a classroom.

D．When the staff members who are watching over them are not responsible.

Why was the university criticized?

A．The university was too strict.

B．The university made students wear strange looking hats.

C．The university prevented students cheating.

D．The students chose to use the hats.

What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?

A．The students are not forced to wear the hats when taking the exam.

B．The senior academic staff at the university made the paper hat idea.

C．The students felt more stressful when wearing the hat during the exam.

D．The students don’t like wearing the hats when taking the exam.

What’s the best title of the text?

A．How to make the anti-cheating hat

B．Anti-cheating hat was criticized

C．Anti-cheating hat was considered the most suitable choice

D．Anti-cheating hat

A new research of 8,000 young people in the Journal of Health and Social Behavior shows that although love can make adults live healthily and happily, it is a bad thing for young people．Puppy love (早恋) may bring stress for young people and can lead to depression ．The study shows that girls become more depressed than boys, and younger girls are the worst of all.
The possible reason for the connection between love and higher risk of depression for girls is “loss of self”．According to the study, even though boys would say “lose themselves in a romantic relationship”, this “loss of self” is much more likely to lead to depression when it happens to girls．Young girls who have romantic relationships usually like hiding their feelings and opinions．They won’t tell that to their parents.
Dr Marian Kaufman, an expert on young people problems, says 15% to 20% young people will have depression during their growing．Trying romance often causes the depression．She advises kids not to jump into romance too early．During growing up, it is important for young people to build strong friendships and a strong sense of self．She also suggests the parents should encourage their kids to keep close to their friends, attend more interesting school activities and spend enough time with family.
Parents should watch for signs of depression—eating or mood changes —and if they see signs from their daughters or sons, they need to give help．The good news is that the connection between romance and depression seems to become weak with age．Love will always make us feel young, but only maturity gives us a chance to avoid its bad side effects.
Which of the following is more likely to have depression?

A．Young people who have a strong sense of selfishness.

B．Young boys whose parents watch for their behavior.

C．Young girls who always hide their feelings and opinions.

D．Careless parents whose children are deep in love.

What can be inferred from the passage?

A．Lacking love can lead young people to grow up more quickly.

B．The older a woman is，the less likely she seems to lose herself in romance.

C．Early love makes young people keep close to their friends and parents.

D．Parents should help their children to be aware of the signs of depression.

What’s the author’s attitude towards puppy love?

A．Confused．

B．Disinterested.

C．Scared．

D．Disapproving.

What’s the main idea of the passage?

A．Parents should forbid their children’s love.

B．Puppy love may bring young people depression.

C．Romance is a two edged sword for adults.

D．Romance is good for young people.

A．a supermarket	B．a hotel
C．a hospital	D．a school