In recent years advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past. New medicines and machines are being developed every day to extend life. However, some people, including some doctors, are not in favor of (不赞成) these life extending measures, and they argue that people should have the right to die when they want. They say that the quality (质量) of life is as important as life itself and that people should not be forced to go on living when conditions of life have become unbearable. They saw that people should be allowed to die with dignity (尊严) and to decide when they want to die. Others argue that life under any conditions is better than death and the duty of doctors is always to extend life as long as possible. And so the battle goes on and on without a definite (明确) answer.The best title for this passage is ___________.
| A．The Right to Live | B．The Right to Die |
| C．The Doctor’s Duty | D．Life Is Better Than Death |
In recent years, people can live longer than in the past. It’s because of ___________.
| A．the development of medical technology | B．big hospitals |
| C．good doctors | D．good living conditions |
According to some people, whether a dying patient has the right to die or not is up to (该由) _____.
| A．the doctors | B．the surroundings |
| C．his or her family | D．the patient himself or herself |
In the writer’s opinion ______________.
| A．death is better than life | B．life is better than death |
| C．neither death nor life is good | D．None of the above |
Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
| A．Most of the medical workers join in the argument. |
| B．The argument has ended in favor of the patient. |
| C．The argument hasn’t ended yet. |
| D．The quality of life is not as important as life itself. |
Protecting Copyright
Having finished her homework, Ma Li wants some music. As usual, she starts her computer and goes to Baidu.com to download music files. But this time she is surprised when an announcement about protecting songs’ copyright bursts onto the screen. The age of free music and movie downloads may have come to an end as Web companies like Baidu are accused of pirating copyright. Lawsuits have been filed against four websites offering free downloads. In September 2005, a Beijing court ordered Baidu to pay recording company Shanghai Push compensation for their losses. Baidu was also told to block the links to the pirated music on the website. This caused a heated discussion on Interact file sharing.
“Baidu’s defeat in the lawsuit shows it is not right to get copyrighted songs without paying. Down loaders may face lawsuits or fines,” said an official.
Like many teens, Huang Ruoru, an 18-year-old girl from Puning in Guangdong Province, doesn’t think that getting music from websites is wrong. She always shares her favourite songs downloaded from Baidu with her friends. When told about the lawsuit, she began to feel a little guilty about obtaining others’ work without paying.
However, other teenagers have different ideas. Wang Yafei, a Senior 2 girl from Jinan, Shandong Province pointed out that file sharing is a good way to promote pop singers. “If I download a song and really like it, I will buy the CD,” she said. “So what the recording companies really should concentrate on is improving their music, rather than pursuingfile-sharers.”Which of the following best describes the passage?
| A．Downloading material can be illegal. |
| B．Music on the Internet is of better quality. |
| C．It’s good to get free music on the Internet. |
| D．Baidu is a popular web company. |
The four web companies were put to court because ________.
| A．they got copyrighted songs without paying |
| B．they make copyrighted files for free downloads |
| C．they downloaded copyrighted music for people |
| D．they offer free music on line |
How do some of the teenagers feel while downloading free music after the lawsuit?
| A．A bit guilty. | B．A little sad. |
| C．Extremely angry. | D．Awfully sorry. |
What’s the advantage of file sharing for recording companies?
| A．Getting more money from web companies. |
| B．Making pop singers more popular. |
| C．Helping to improve the music. |
| D．Enabling people to download favorite songs. |
It can be inferred from the text that _________.
| A．Web companies are still ignoring the copyright laws. |
| B．Teenagers haven’t got money to buy CDs. |
| C．Teenagers are probably still downloading free music. |
| D．Teenagers prefer CDs with copyright to pirated music. |
Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behavior agree that there is virtually an epidemic（流行病） of sleepiness in the nation．“I can’t think of a single study that hasn’t found Americans getting less sleep than they ought to,” says Dr．David．Even people who think they are sleeping enough would probably be better off with more rest．
The beginning of our sleep-deficit（lack）crises can be traced back to the invention of the light bulb a century ago．From diary entries and our personal accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries, sleep scientists have reached the conclusion that the average person used to sleep about 9.5 hours a night．“The best sleep habits once were forced on us, when we had nothing to do in the evening down on the farm, and it was dark．” By the 1950s and 1960s, the sleep schedule had been reduced dramatically, to between 7.5 and 8 hours, and most people had to wake to an alarm clock．“People cheat in their sleep, and they don’t even realize they’re doing it,” says Dr．David．“They think they’re okay because they can get by on 6.5 hours, when they really need 7.5, 8 or even more to feel ideally energetic. ”
Perhaps the most merciless robber of sleep, researches say, is the complexity of the day．Whenever pressures from work, family, friends and community increase, many people consider sleep the least expensive item on their programs．“In our society, you’re considered dynamic if you say you need only 5．5 hours’ sleep．If you’ve got to get 8．5 hours, people think you lack drive and ambition．”
To determine the consequences of sleep-deficit, researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests requiring them, for instance, to add columns of numbers or recall a passage read to them only minutes earlier．“We’ve found that if you’re in sleep deficit, performance suffers,” says Dr．David．“Short-term memory is weakened, as are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate．”What is the main topic of the passage?
| A．The history of people’s sleeping patterns． |
| B．The epidemic of sleepiness in the modern times． |
| C．Research on the causes and consequences of sleep-deficit． |
| D．The minimum of our sleeping hours． |
Which of the following is Dr．David’s opinion?
| A．People’s metal power suffers if they are lacking in sleep． |
| B．Some people can remain energetic with only 6．5 hours’ sleep a night． |
| C．If they get 8．5 hours’ sleep, people will be full of drive and ambition． |
| D．People who think they are sleeping enough are better off than those who don't． |
People in the 18th and 19th centuries slept about 9．5 hours a night because _______．
| A．they had no electricity |
| B．they knew what was best for their health |
| C．they were forced by their parents to do so |
| D．they were not so dynamic and ambitious as modern people are |
The major cause of sleep-deficit of modern people is _______．
| A．the endless TV programs in the evenings and the internet |
| B．the heavy work load of the day |
| C．the sufficient energy modern people usually have |
| D．loud noises in the modern cities |
What does the word “subjects” in paragraph 4 mean?
| A．Person or thing that is being discussed or described． |
| B．Branch of knowledge studied in a school． |
| C．Person or thing being treated in a certain way or being experimented on． |
| D．Any member of a State apart from the supreme ruler． |
Today, when there are many top graduates looking for top jobs, graduates can differentiate(区别) themselves by obtaining a double major or even a double degree. Increasingly, employers are looking for individuals who are not only competent and intelligent, but who have different skill sets and who are knowledgeable in many areas. Part of the appeal to employers is that your extra work demonstrates a willingness to take on difficult tasks. Additionally, if your majors overlap (重叠), you are able to show potential employers that you have both breadth and depth of knowledge.
By studying for a double major, although you will be studying for only one degree, you will be focusing on two related and integrated subjects that complement (补充) each other. Classes overlap between the majors, meaning fewer classes are required than with a double degree, so it is easier to finish within four years.
In contrast, with the more rigorous (严格的) double degree, you will be studying for two different degrees in two completely different areas of study. Although pursuing such a course of study allows students to complete two wholly separate degrees in less time than if they were to earn them separately, many strong students still find it incredibly difficult to complete in four or five years.
If you are committed to a double major/degree, it is wise to do a little bit of planning. Some students try to find two courses of studies that are related, while others seek to round out their academic studies by choosing two completely unrelated fields.
For double majors, common pairings include: (i) economics and a foreign language; (ii) political science or government and journalism; (iii) economics and psychology.
For double degrees, common pairings include: (i) engineering and a business program such as finance or accounting; (ii) engineering and economics.What do employers think of the graduates with different skill sets and knowledge in many areas?
| A．They should be given top jobs. |
| B．They are willing to take difficult tasks. |
| C．They are better than those who are competent and intelligent. |
| D．They must have attained a double major or even a double degree. |
According to the passage, the underlined word “breadth” most probably means_________.
| A．quality | B．amount | C．quantity | D．width |
To obtain a double major, you _________.
| A．should complete two wholly separate degrees |
| B．need to focus on two related and integrated subjects |
| C．need to spend more time than obtaining a double degree |
| D．have to take courses in two completely different areas of study |
If you are devoted to a double major or degree, you should _________.
| A．find two subjects with overlapping classes |
| B．learn about what your potential employers want |
| C．decide what to learn with your intentions considered |
| D．try to decide on some common pairings as soon as possible |
Which statement is CORRECT according to the passage?
| A．Economics is a major while engineering is a degree. |
| B．Every college student should take a double major or degree. |
| C．Earning a double degree is more difficult than obtaining a double major. |
| D．Some students choose two completely unrelated fields to show their ability in academic study. |
A new study says one part of the human brain may become smaller as the result of a condition known as jet lag. Jet lag results from flying long distances in an airplane. People with jet lag may feel extremely tired for several days. They may also have problems thinking clearly and remembering.
Recently a researcher at the University of Bristol in Britain reported the findings of his jet lag study, which involved twenty young women who worked for international airlines. They had served passengers on airplanes for five years. These flight attendants flew across many countries and at least seven time zones. In the study, the flight attendants had different amounts of time to recover from jet lag. Half the women spent five days or fewer in their home areas between long flights. The other half spent more than fourteen days in their home areas.
The researcher took some saliva from the women”s mouths to measure levels of a hormone(荷尔蒙) that increases during stress(紧张). He tested them to see if they could remember where black spots appeared on a computer screen. And he took pictures of their brains to measure the size of the brain”s temporal lobes(脑叶).
It was found that the women who had less time between flights had smaller right temporal lobes. This area of the brain deals with recognizing and remembering what is seen. The same group performed worse and had slower reaction times on the visual memory test. And their saliva samples showed higher levels of stress hormones.
The researcher believes the brain needs at least ten days to recover after a long trip. He says airline workers told him their ability to remember got worse after working on planes for about four years. Other studies have shown that increased feelings of stress can cause a loss of cells in the part of the brain that controls memory.
Scientists say more tests are needed to study the effects of jet lag on the brain. They want to find out if too much jet lag could permanently (永久性的) affect memory.According to the text, jet lag .
Things you need to know about studying there
Study style
Since the 1950s, the Netherlands has had courses in English especially for foreign students. Students are expected to be critical of what they read and hear, and to be able of working independently. Foreign students will soon notice that at Dutch institutions for higher learning people are expected to do a lot of talking. The most common form of teaching is the seminar or working group, where a small group of students work under a teacher’s supervision to analyze（分析）a certain problem. On exams, they have to show that they know the material, and that they have formed well-founded opinions on the subject.
Accommodations（住宿）
If you are in an exchange programme or an international course, it is quite possible that a room will be arranged for you. Accept it immediately, or you will regret it later. That’s because finding a place to live in a country as crowded as the Netherlands is not easy.
Before you leave China, ask your host institution whether or not housing will indeed be arranged in advance. If you are in the Netherlands and still looking for a place, ask the international relations office or the student dean for advice.
Expences
Tuition: （学费）
Bachelor’s degree：about 2,500 euros a year
Master’s degree: 5,000-12,000 euros a year
Living expenses:
Experience has shown that a year in the Netherlands costs a Chinese
Student about 450-700 euros a month.
Here is a breakdown of average prices of supermarket goods:
Litre of milk: 0.5—0.8 euro
Kilo of apples: 1.5 euros
Shampoo, 400ml: 4 euros
Tube of toothpaste: 1 euro
Bed sheet: 20 euros
Other expenses:
Haircut: 15 euros
Air ticket to China: 600-800 euros
Mobile phone call(one minute): 0.1-0.3 euro
Phone call to China (with IP card): 7 euros(one minute)
Postage stamp in the Netherlands: 0.39 euro
Stamp for China: 0.78 euro
(1 euro-about 10 yuan)
Transportation
Trains, buses and trams run throughout the country.
If you really want to sample Dutch life, and get around quickly and easily, buy yourself a bicycle. Most students buy second-hand bicycles. A reasonable one will cost you 70-120 euros.
You can find them at second-hand bicycle shops or at the bicycle parking facilities near railway stations.Teachers want foreign students to do much talking and analyzing in order to make them .
| A．get higher marks | B．pass exams easier |
| C．be able to work independently | D．get in close touch with each other |
The passage implies that .
| A．it is easier to find a room in Netherlands |
| B．it is difficult to find a room in Netherlands |
| C．your host institution will surely find a room for you |
| D．the international relations office can find a room for you |
It costs at least a year for a Master degree.
| A．104,000 yuan | B．104,000 euros | C．174,000 yuan | D．134,000 euros |
Most students ride second-hand bicycles mainly because .
| A．they can ride them fast and easily |
| B．bicycles are safe and comfortable for riding |
| C．bicycles are convenient and easy to park |
| D．bicycles are convenient and cheap |