A Brown University sleep researcher has some advice for people who run high schools: Don’t start classes so early in the morning. It may not be that the students who nod off at their desks are lazy. And it may not be that their parents have failed to enforce(确保) bedtime. Instead, it may be that biologically(生物学上) these sleepyhead(瞌睡虫)students aren’t used to the early hour.
“Maybe these kids are being asked to rise at the wrong time for their bodies,” says Mary Carskadon, a professor looking at problem of adolescent (青春期的)sleep at Brown’s School of Medicine.
Carskadon is trying to understand more about the effects of early school time in adolescents. And, at a more basic level, she and her team are trying to learn more about how the biological changes of adolescence affect sleep needs and patterns(方式).
Carskadon says her work suggests that adolescents may need more sleep than they did at childhood, no less, as commonly thought.
Sleep patterns change during adolescence, as any parent of an adolescent can prove. Most adolescents prefer to stay up later at night and sleep later in the morning. But it’s not just a matter of choice---their bodies are going through a change of sleep patterns.
All of this makes the transfer(迁移)from middle school to high school---which may start one hour earlier in the morning—all the more difficult, Carskadon says. With their increased need for sleep and their biological clocks set on the “sleep late, rise late” pattern, adolescents are up against difficulties when they try to be up by 5 or 6 a.m. for a 7:30 a.m. first bell. A short sleep on a desktop may be their body’s way of saying. “I need a timeout.”Carskadon suggests that high schools should not start classes so early in the morning because
_______.
| A．it is really tough for parents to enforce bedtime |
| B．it is biologically difficult for students to rise early |
| C．students work so late at night that they can’t get up early |
| D．students are so lazy that they don’t like to go to school early |
The underlined phrase nod off most probably means _______.
| A．turn around | B．agree with others | C．fall asleep | D．refuse to work |
What might be a reason for the hard transfer from middle school to high school?
| A．Adolescents depend more on their parents. |
| B．Adolescents have to choose their sleep patterns. |
| C．Adolescents sleep better than they did at childhood. |
| D．Adolescents need more sleep than they used to. |
What is the passage mainly about?
| A．Adolescent health care. |
| B．Problems in adolescent learning. |
| C．Adolescent sleep difficulties. |
| D．Changes in adolescent sleep needs and patterns. |
Dear Jack,
How are you? I have been in the USA for six months. I like the life here. I have a few friends. I don't have much homework. There are a lot of sports at my school, but I don't like sports at all. like the food very much. I eat a lot of different kinds of food every day. I like coke（可乐）very much. I don't drink water. I drink coke instead（代替）. I'm enjoying my life here. The sad thing is that sometimes I get ill. I don't know why. My parents say I must go on a diet（节食）and do more sports. Must I?
Yours,
David
判断下列句子是否符合短文内容。符合的写“T”，不符合的写“F”。David has been in America for six months.
David has to do much homework.
There are many sports at David's school.
David likes coke better than water.
David knows why he is often ill.
“Cool” is a word with many meanings．Its old meaning is used to express a temperature that is a little bit cold．As the world has changed，the word has had many different meaning．
“Cool” can be used to express feelings of interest in almost anything．When you see a famous car in the street，maybe you will say，“It’s cool．”You may think，“He’s so cool，”when you see your favourite footballer．
We all maximize（扩大） the meaning of “cool”．You can use it instead of many words such as “new” or “surprising”．Here’s an interesting story we can use to show the way the word is used．A teacher asked her students to write about the waterfall（瀑布）they had visited．On one student’s paper was Just the one sentence，“It’s so cool．Maybe he thought it was the best way to show what he saw and felt. But the story also shows a scarcity（缺乏）of words．Without “cool”，some people have no words to show the same meaning．So it is quite important to keep some credibility（可信性）．Can you think of many other words that make your life as colourful as the word “cool”？ I can．And I think they are also very cool． We know that the word “cool has had ________.
A．only one meaning B．no meanings C．many different meaningsIn the passage，the word “express” means “________”.
A．see B．show C．knowIf you are _______ something，you may say，“It’s cool．”
A．interested in B．angry about C．afraid ofThe writer takes an example to show he is ________ the way the word is used．
A．pleased with B．strange to C．worried aboutIn the passage，the writer suggests（暗示）that the word “cool”________．
A. may not be as cool as it seems
B. usually means something interesting
C. can make your life colourful
Can animals be made to work for us? Some scientists think that one day animals may be taught to do a number of simple jobs. They say that in a film or on TV .We may see elephants, or monkeys, dogs, bears, or other animals doing a lot of things. If you watch carefully, you may find that those animals are always given something to eat in return(作为回报) for doing them. The scientists say that many different animals may be taught to do a number of simple jobs if they know they will get something to eat in return.
Of course, as we know, dogs can be used to guard a house, and elephants can be used to do some heavy jobs. And we can also teach animals to work in factories. Apes(猿猴), for example, have been used in America to help make cars and scientists believe that these large monkeys may one day get in crops(收割庄稼) and even drive trains.Elephant scan be used to do some heavy jobs because ____.
A. they can eat a lot B. they are very heavy, too C. they are very strong Dogs can be used to guard a house for his host because ____.
A. they are good at running
B. they are very kind and friendly to people
C. they are brave enough to get the strangers(陌生人)and thieves away from the house Many different animals may be taught to do some simple jobs if ____.
A. they have enough food to eat
B. if they are sent to school
C. they learn they will get something to eat in return after doing them____ can be trained to work for us.
A. Only a few animals B. A lot of animals C. Few animals Many scientists are working hard to ____.
A. make monkeys get in crops and drive trains
B. make monkeys guard houses like dogs
C. make bears get in crops
阅读下面的信息，做题。
What time is the soccer tournament(锦标赛)?
A. At 2 pm. B. At 10 am. C. At 9 pm.If Lily wants to buy a present for her mother on March 8th, she may pay attention to the advertisement of .
A. Soccer Tournament B. Traditional Rodeo C. Big Sale People who want to go to BIG SALE can go to the shop.
A. on Sunday B. on Saturday C. on Friday Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. If you want to know more about Soccer Tournament, you can send e-mails to them.
B. Traditional Rodeo is only on Sunday.
C. If you buy a thing whose normal price is $10, you need to pay $6-8 on Women’s Day.After reading the passage, we can’t get the information about.
A. the telephone number of Soccer Tournament
B. the price of Big Sale
C. the price of the film tickets
According to a recent survey, British teenagers are not in good health because they don’t have enough time for sleep. They don’t sleep well, either. They are often disturbed(打扰) by electronic gadgets(器具，装置) in their bedrooms. We call such kind of sleep “junk sleep”.
We did a survey among 1,000 students aged 12 to 16, and we found out that 30 percent of them slept for only 4 to 7 hours a day. Nearly a quarter said they fell asleep while they were watching TV, listening to music or using other electronic gadgets.’
Nowadays, almost all the teenagers have a phone, music system or TV in his or her bedroom. Almost 20 percent of the teenager boys said the quality of their sleep were not good. It was affected by leaving their TVs or computers on. The survey also found out that 40 percent of young people felt tired every day. What’s more, the girls aged 15 to 16 felt the worst among them.
“Teenagers need to realize the importance of sleeping well. If they sleep well, they will be able to study hard and perform well at school. I am shocked to know that so few teenagers have noticed the close connection between sleep and schoolwork,” said Dr Chris.What disturbs British teenager in their bedrooms?
A. Sleep. B. Electronic gadgets. C. Schoolwork.According to the result of the survey, how long did 30 percent of students sleep a day?
A. 3 to 7 hours. B. 4 to 7 minutes. C. 4 to 7 hours.The word “ quality” means “” in Chinese.
A. 数量 B. 质量 C. 时间Among the students, felt the worst.
A. the girls aged 13. B. the girls aged 15. C. the girls aged 17.What does the passage talk about ?
A. Junk food. B. Junk sleep. C. Teenagers.