A Brown University sleep researcher has some advice for people who run high schools: Don’t start classes so early in the morning. It may not be that the students who nod off at their desks are lazy. And it may not be that their parents have failed to enforce(确保) bedtime. Instead, it may be that biologically(生物学上) these sleepyhead(瞌睡虫)students aren’t used to the early hour.
“Maybe these kids are being asked to rise at the wrong time for their bodies,” says Mary Carskadon, a professor looking at problem of adolescent (青春期的)sleep at Brown’s School of Medicine.
Carskadon is trying to understand more about the effects of early school time in adolescents. And, at a more basic level, she and her team are trying to learn more about how the biological changes of adolescence affect sleep needs and patterns(方式).
Carskadon says her work suggests that adolescents may need more sleep than they did at childhood, no less, as commonly thought.
Sleep patterns change during adolescence, as any parent of an adolescent can prove. Most adolescents prefer to stay up later at night and sleep later in the morning. But it’s not just a matter of choice---their bodies are going through a change of sleep patterns.
All of this makes the transfer(迁移)from middle school to high school---which may start one hour earlier in the morning—all the more difficult, Carskadon says. With their increased need for sleep and their biological clocks set on the “sleep late, rise late” pattern, adolescents are up against difficulties when they try to be up by 5 or 6 a.m. for a 7:30 a.m. first bell. A short sleep on a desktop may be their body’s way of saying. “I need a timeout.”Carskadon suggests that high schools should not start classes so early in the morning because
_______.
| A．it is really tough for parents to enforce bedtime |
| B．it is biologically difficult for students to rise early |
| C．students work so late at night that they can’t get up early |
| D．students are so lazy that they don’t like to go to school early |
The underlined phrase nod off most probably means _______.
| A．turn around | B．agree with others | C．fall asleep | D．refuse to work |
What might be a reason for the hard transfer from middle school to high school?
| A．Adolescents depend more on their parents. |
| B．Adolescents have to choose their sleep patterns. |
| C．Adolescents sleep better than they did at childhood. |
| D．Adolescents need more sleep than they used to. |
What is the passage mainly about?
| A．Adolescent health care. |
| B．Problems in adolescent learning. |
| C．Adolescent sleep difficulties. |
| D．Changes in adolescent sleep needs and patterns. |
Everyone likes living in a clean and comfortable environment. If the envionment(环境) is bad, it will affect（影响）our bodies, and make us not feel well. Sometimes we may be terribly ill. At that time we don’t want to work, and we have to stay in bed and rest at home. So the envrionment is very important to us.
It’s germ that makes us ill. There are germs everywhere, They are very small and you can’t find them with your own eyes, but you can see them with a microscope（显微镜）. They are very small and there may be hundreds of them on a very small thing, Germs can always be found in the dirty water. When we look at dirty water under the microscope, we shall see them in it. Germs can also be found in air and dust（灰尘）. If you cut your finger, some of the dust from the floor may go into it, and you will have much pain in it. Sometimes the germs will go into all of your boby, and you will have pain everywhere.
To keep us healthy, we should try to our best to make our environment become cleaner and tidier. This needs us to act together.The writer tell us that________.
| A．we like working when we are ill |
| B．germs can’t live in the water. |
| C．we can’t feel ill if the environment is bad. |
| D．we feel well when the environment is good. |
Germs are________.
| A．very small things that you can’t see with your eyes. |
| B．the things that don’t effect people. |
| C．the things that you can find with your eyes. |
| D．the things that are very big. |
Where can germs be found? They can be found_________.
| A．on the small thing | B．in air and dust |
| C．only in dirty water | D．everywhere |
How will you feel if germs go into the finger that is cut?
| A．I will feel nothing. | B．I won’t mind. |
| C．I will feel tense. | D．I will feel painful. |
From the passage we know that________
| A．environment doesn’t affect our life. |
| B．we don’t need to improve our environment. |
| C．germs may make us ill. |
| D．if the environment is better, germs will be more. |
Once upon a time, there lived a rich man. He had a servant (仆人). He and the servant loved wine and good food very much. Each time the rich man left his home, the servant would drink the wine and eat up all the nice food in the house. The rich man knew what his servant did, but he had never caught his servant doing that.
One morning, when he left home, he said to the servant, “Here are two bottles of poison (毒药) and some nice food in the house. You must take good care of them.” With these words, he went out.
But the servant knew that the rich man had said was untrue. After the rich man was away from his home, he enjoyed a nice meal. Because he drank too much, he was drunk and fell to the ground. When the rich man came back, he couldn’t find his food and his wine. He became very angry. He woke the servant up. But the servant told his story very well. He said a cat had eaten up everything. He was afraid to be punished（惩罚）, so he drank the poison to kill himself.In the story, _______ liked wine and good food very much.
| A．the rich man | B．the servant | C．both A and B | D．neither A and B |
The rich man knew that it was _______ that drank the wine and ate up all the nice food.
| A．the cat | B．himself | C．nobody | D．the servant |
The rich told the servant that there was poison in the two bottles, because ________.
| A．there was in fact poison in the bottles |
| B．he did not want the servant to drink his wine |
| C．he wanted to kill the cat |
| D．he wanted to kill the servant |
In fact, _______ ate all the nice food and drank the wine.
| A．the servant | B．cat | C．the rich man | D．nobody |
From the story, we know that the servant is very _______.
| A．lazy | B．bad | C．clever | D．kind |
A woman saw three o1d men sitting in her front yard.She said,“I don’t think I know you,but you must be very hungry. Please come in and have something to eat. ”
“We don’t go into a house together,”they replied．
“Why is that?” she asked.
One of the old men answered.“His name is Wealth，this is Success, and I am Love.” Then he said,“Now go in and discuss with your family which one of us you want in your house.”
Then the woman went in and told her family what was said. She said “Let’s invite Wealth. Let him come in and bring us nice things.We have been so poor.”His husband disagreed,“My
dear,why don't we invite Success? Don’t you want me to be a successful man?.”
Then the daughter asked,“Would it be better to invite Love? Our life will then be filled with 1ove!” “Let’s take our daughter's advice(建议)s,” said the father and mother.
So the woman went out and asked, “Which one of you is Love? Please come in and be our Guest. ”Love got up and started walking toward the house. The other two also got up and followed Him. Surprised, the lady asked Wealth and Success, “I only invited Love. Why are you coming along?” The two o1d men answered,“If you had invited Wealth or Success, two of us would have stayed out, but since you have invited Love, wherever he goes, we go with him. Where there is Love, there is Wealth and Success.”
根据短文内容，判断以下句子的正误。你认为正确的在题前括号内写“T”，错误的写“F"。This is a true story that happened a 1ong time ago．
Wealth could make the family very rich．
The family had different ideas and didn't know whom to invite．
The three o1d men all went into the house to get something to eat.
The story tells us that 1ove is the most important of al1．
任务型阅读
Pollution problems are becoming more and more serious. One of them is called “white pollutions” caused by plastic, such as shopping bags, boxes and cups. In China, about three billion plastic shopping bags are used every day, which results in a great waste of resources(资源) and heavy environment pollution. Luckily, the government has stopped us from using free plastic bags, telling all stores and supermarket not to provide customers(顾客) with free plastic bags since June 1,2008. From then on, people have been supposed to use cloth bags and shopping baskets instead of plastic bags in order to protect our environment.
Now, more and more people have realized the importance of using the cloth bags and shopping baskets. For one thing it can protect our environment, for another it can also save energy. Yet we have more things to do to solve the problem of “white pollution”!Is “white pollution” caused by plastic?
__________________________________________How many plastic shopping bags are used every day in China?
_____________________________________________What are the advantages of using cloth bags or shopping baskets？
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Healthy eating habit along with regular exercise is the only way to become fit. If you have the correct number of calories and exercise regularly, you will lose weight, keep fit, and feel great, too.
During your teenage years, it is important to give your body the energy it needs. If you skip (跳过) meals, you won’t get enough calories, and then you will feel tired. By the way, calorie is just another word for energy. About 50% of your calories should come from rice, bread, vegetables and fruit. You also need to drink a lot of water, 6 to 8 glasses a day. Water helps keep your system clean. Drinking enough water will make your skin better and make you healthy.
Exercise is something that can help to make you look good, feel good and be healthy. Experts suggest that teenagers spend at least 30 minutes exercising a day, five times a week. That is easy to do! You can walk or ride your bike to school, and do sports at school. However, teenagers often give up sports, saying they have no time left after their studies. In fact, doing exercise can help them sleep better at night and increase their ability to focus on their study.
If you follow the suggestions above, you will look and feel much better and become fit.What’s the main idea of this passage?
| A．How to eat food. | B．How to keep fit. |
| C．How to lose weight. | D．How to exercise. |
The underlined word “calories” means ________ in this passage.
| A．营养 | B．强壮 | C．能量 | D．锻炼 |
Teenagers should spend at least _______ minutes exercising a week according to this passage.
| A．5 | B．50 | C．30 | D．150 |
If you ________, you will become fit.
| A．exercise regularly |
| B．drink lots of water |
| C．have a healthy eating habit along with regular exercise |
| D．eat rice, bread, vegetables and fruit |