As we move upwards in an organization, our perspective begins to change, sometimes in ways that can feel uncomfortable. Most people begin working in some technical skill area where they can reliably produce desired outcomes based largely on their own performance.
In my career, I was a public relations practitioner, skilled at media relations, drafting news releases, organizing events and news conferences, etc. Of course that also required the skill of collaborating with others, but I wasn’t responsible for their performance. However, as my mastery of public relations increased into the areas of consulting and selling, I started moving up the ladder until eventually I was the general manager of the organization.
Suddenly, I realized I had been catapulted beyond my area of competence. I really had no idea how to “manage” others and how to “delegate” responsibility effectively to other players. So what did I do? I sucked most of the responsibility up to myself, continuing to work on things that demanded my technical expertise, while occasionally handing out a few “tasks” to others. Needless to say I suffered hugely as a manager until I learned the difficult lesson that (as my coach at the time said to me) “You need to find new ways of being important.”
The new role, the “new way of being important” that I learned was the role of leader, orchestrator, delegator. The new role of developing others instead of simply being a technical expert.The new role of working through others, not doing all the work myself. Imagine a symphony orchestra conductor trying to play all the instruments. That is what many new managers find themselves trying to do and its not a highly effective approach, to say the least!
Many new managers fail to achieve their potential because they don’t delegate effectively and they don’t really understand what delegation is all about. Delegating is so critically important that for many aspiring managers it literally becomes their “Achilles Heel”—their fatal weak spot that can make or break their careers. So let’s examine six major reasons that managers fail to delegate effectively.（www.kekenet.com）What does the word “collaborating” in the second passage mean?
| A．operating | B．corresponding |
| C．struggling | D．cooperating |
Where can the sentence “That’s when I hit the wall”be put？
| A．paragragh 1 and 2. | B．paragragh 2 and 3. |
| C．paragragh 3 and 4. | D．paragragh 4and 5. |
Why did the writer suffer as a manager?
| A．He took on most of the responsibility on his own. |
| B．He thought of himself an important person. |
| C．He failed to earn respect from others. |
| D．He put much pressure on others. |
According to the passage， we know “the new way of being important”means that________.
| A．The new role of developing others and being a technical expert. |
| B．The new role of working through others instead of doing all the work myself. |
| C．The new role of simply being a technical expert and doing all the work myself. |
| D．The new role of simply being a technical expert instead of doing all the work myself. |
What will the writer talk about following the text?
| A．How managers can deal with the workers. |
| B．The reasons why mangers should delegate effectively. |
| C．How managers be respected by workers. |
| D．The reasons why mangers can’t allocate effectively. |
Many blind people use guide dogs to help them get safely from place to place and to warn them of danger. But what can blind people do if they are allergic（过敏的）to dogs or just don’t like them? For some people, the answer is provided by the Guide
Horse Foundation.
Janet and Don Burleson founded the organization in 1999. They began training miniature horses to help guide blind people. Miniature horses look just like regular horses, only much smaller. They are generally less than 34 inches tall.
Cuddles was the foundation’s first guide horse in full service（服务）. She became 45-year-old Dan Shaw’s helper. Shaw has an eye disease and his sight is very poor. One night, while filling out a form to get a guide dog, Shaw heard a news story on TV about people training horses to guide the blind. Shaw loves horses and wanted a guide animal that would live a long time. He applied（申请）, and a year later, Cuddles and Shaw began training as a team.
On a trip to New York, Cuddles helped Shaw safely tour Times Square, a very busy part of the city at night. The next day, Cuddles calmly rode the elevator with Shaw to the crowded top of the Empire State Building, a famous tall building. Cuddles even guided Shaw on the boat ride to the Statue of Liberty（自由女神像）, and traveled on the subway system.
Shaw says that he is very lucky to have Cuddles. He believes that Cuddles has changed his life for the better by giving him the chance to do things himself and making him feel much more confident about himself.The Guide Horse Foundation __________.
| A．was set up by one person |
| B．has different kinds of horses |
| C．trains horses to guide blind people |
| D．has a history of several hundred years |
According to the text, miniature horses __________.
| A．live a shorter life than guide dogs |
| B．are much smaller than regular horses |
| C．are more friendly to people than dogs |
| D．are different from regular horses in many ways |
We know from the text that Dan Shaw __________.
| A．became blind at age 45 |
| B．has a great love for horses |
| C．heard about guide horses from a friend |
| D．got a guide horse as soon as he applied |
Cuddles changed Dan Shaw’s life by __________.
| A．making him famous |
| B．helping to calm him |
| C．giving him confidence |
| D．helping him start an organization |
The text is written to tell us that __________.
| A．special animals can help people do seemingly impossible things |
| B．blind people are brave to face many challenges |
| C．horses are better than dogs as guide animals |
| D．New York City is a magical city |
Every day, 15-year-old Martha wrote on the Internet about the meal she ate at school. She also took pictures of the food. However, Martha was very honest about the food. She did not just describe the food. She judged the taste and health of the food.
Martha also began to use her blog（博客）for an important reason. She began to raise（筹集）money for the organization Mary’s Meals in the East African country of Malawi. It provides food for children in schools for free. Martha encouraged her readers to send money to Mary’s Meals to help build a kitchen.
But then, Martha began to have a problem. Many people read her blog. She became big news. The news stories showed that the food at Martha’s school was not always healthy. And that made some people angry. So the school officials decided to stop Martha’s blog. They said that she could not take her camera to school.
But an amazing thing happened. Many people began sending messages of support across the Internet. Martha’s story was even bigger than before. Now the officials had to change their minds. A few days later, Martha was again writing her blog. But more than that, people had sent a lot of money for the Malawi school children. Martha had hoped to raise about 10,000 dollars. But the total reached 100,000 dollars and still kept on growing!
Martha’s blog also helped to improve meals at her school. One day she wrote: As we waited for dinner we were told that we are allowed to eat as much fruit and bread as we want.
No one knows what will happen to Martha’s blog in future. But already this little girl has helped to change the eating experience of many children just by sharing on the Internet pictures of her school meals. Martha wrote about her school meals on her blog to __________.
| A．invite students to judge the food |
| B．show the terrible taste of the food |
| C．express her opinion about the food |
| D．ask the school to improve the food |
The organization Mary’s Meals __________.
| A．was set up by Martha |
| B．provides free school meals |
| C．is an international organization |
| D．helps poor families build kitchens |
Why did the school officials want to prevent Martha writing her blog?
| A．It had a bad influence on her study. |
| B．Some people were upset by its content（内容）. |
| C．Taking pictures needs a lot of time. |
| D．Many other students started to copy her. |
According to the text, Martha __________.
| A．got a lot of support around the world |
| B．helped improve children’s eating habits |
| C．raised $10,000 for the Malawi school children |
| D．has no idea what to write on her blog in future |
What’s the best title for the text?
| A．School Meals | B．Mary’s Meals |
| C．Power of the Internet | D．Martha Shares Her Food |
At East China University of Science and Technology, students will get a coupon（优惠券）if they eat up their food. Students can collect coupons and exchange them for small gifts, such as books, magazines, mobile phone covers and hand warmers.
“It’s been such a surprise,” said Liang Zhaoyun, 19, a student at the university in Shanghai. “It has given us one more motivation to finish our food.”
The measure （措施） is part of a national “eat-up” campaign（行动） which is organized by students to deal with food waste on campuses（校园）.
Why only on campuses, you might ask? Because according to a report by Xinhna News Agency, students waste twice as much food as the national average（平均）.
The campaign on campus food waste is receiving attention across the country.
“The aim of the campaign is not only to encourage students to finish their food. We hope it can also encourage students to choose a more environment-friendly and healthy lifestyle,” said Tao Siliang, secretary of the Youth League Committee at Shanghai University.
But some school food is poorly prepared, so students do not like to finish it all. Some schools have taken notice of this and they are taking measures to improve it.
“I’m glad that we’ve reduced food waste since the ‘eat-up’ campaign began. But if we call on students to waste less food, we should also improve the service and food standard on campuses.” said Tao.From Paragraph l, we know that the students will get a coupon __________.
| A．when they eat school food | B．after they exchange gifts |
| C．if they collect the waste | D．if they finish all their food |
The underlined word “motivation” in Paragraph 2 means __________ in Chinese.
| A．动力 | B．机会 | C．试验 | D．条件 |
The “eat-up” campaign is carried out on campuses because __________.
| A．students get a good education |
| B．schools offer small gifts |
| C．students waste too much food |
| D．school food is more delicious |
The purpose of the campaign is mainly to __________.
| A．improve the school food standard |
| B．encourage a greener and healthier lifestyle |
| C．receive attention from the society |
| D．further improve the service in universities |
The best title for this passage may be __________.
| A．Enjoy Your Food! | B．Reduce Waste on Campus |
| C．Meals in Universities. | D．“Eat-up” Campaign on Campus |
Smaller than your fist, your healthy heart just goes on and on. It will beat more than 60 times a minute for 70 years or more. That’s something that most of us take for granted. But it’s an amazing fact.
60 times a minute for 60 minutes is 3,600 times. What physical thing can most of us do 3,600 times in one hour? Blink? Maybe. Tap our fingers on the desk? No. Jump up and down? Certainly not! But our heart keeps beating, hour after hour. Every day, it pumps almost 2,000 gallons of blood through our blood vessels(血管). It takes you about five years to drink 2,000 gallons of water.
And, unlike your knees or your back, your heart does all this work without ever complaining（抱怨）! You never know that it’s even there. Your heart is such a reliable “silent partner” that people forget to care for it. For many, the first indication（迹象）that their heart isn’t working properly is a serious heart illness! Over 650,000 Americans die of some kind of heart disease every year. Cancer kills 560,000, stroke kills 143,000, and accidents kill 118,000 Americans annually.
Like accidental deaths, many heart disease-related deaths can be avoided if people simply follow the advice of the experts. Unfortunately, most people seem to listen to a little voice in their head that says, “It won’t happen to me. ” So these people keep on smoking and drinking. They continue to eat too much meat. And their only “exercise” is getting off the sofa to get something out of the fridge. Please follow the following steps to keep your heart healthy. The text is most probably taken from a (an) __________.
| A．art book | B．science fiction |
| C．healthy magazine | D．psychology book |
Which of the following physical activities can keep going on and on?
| A．Blink. | B．Jump. | C．Finger tap. | D．Heart beat. |
According to the numbers mentioned in paragraph 3, we can know __________.
| A．Accidents can be the biggest “killer” in America every year. |
| B．In America, heart disease causes the highest death rate annually. |
| C．Cancer causes more threat than any other diseases for Americans. |
| D．Recently, nobody died of stroke or heart disease in America. |
What do we know about our healthy hearts?
| A．our healthy hearts work with many complains as our knees. |
| B．our healthy hearts can pump 3,600 gallons of blood everyday. |
| C．our healthy hearts are smaller than our fists. |
| D．our healthy hearts can beat 60 times in one hour. |
What do you think the next paragraph is about?
| A．Some tips for keeping a healthy heart. |
| B．Some suggestions for avoiding accidental deaths. |
| C．Some reasons for doing regular exercise. |
| D．Some exercise for keeping a healthy lifestyle. |
Have you ever been bitten? Of course you have. You are surrounded by living things which might, or do, bite. Even when you rest your head on your pillow, bedbugs are probably nibbling away(蚕食) at you. They live happily inside most pillows.
Take a walk outside and you are a target for “man’s best friend. ” Hundreds of dog-bite victims visit US emergency rooms daily. Many bites are terrible. To avoid the dogs in your neighborhood, you might want to hike into the desert or the woods. There, you run the risk of bites from rattlesnakes, scorpions, and blood-sucking ticks. Not to mention bears, wolves, coyotes, and mountain lions.
Speaking of housing, watch out when you touch the corner of your house or garage. Shy but deadly, the black widow spider and the brown recluse spider make themselves comfortable in quiet areas of your closets or garage. One bite from either of them can make you very sick; occasionally, people die from such bites. Unfortunately, many people fear all spiders, not just the few dangerous ones. They squash them or run from them at first sight, not realizing that most spiders are actually beneficial to man.
If you’re concerned about bites, don’t forget about rabid(患有狂犬病的) animal bites. Any warm-blooded animal can get infected with rabies. Although humans in the US rarely get attacked by rabid animals, the disease is painful and dangerous. You will most likely die if you are not treated properly within 48 hours of being bitten. How does the author introduce the topic of this passage?
| A．By asking questions. | B．By giving examples. |
| C．By offering suggestions. | D．By doing experiments. |
According to the 2nd passage, “man’s best friend” is _____________.
| A．Bedbugs | B．Dogs | C．Coyotes | D．Scorpions |
When you at home, you will probably be bitten by __________.
①rattle snakes②bedbugs③bears④spiders⑤rabid animals
| A．①④ | B．②③ | C．③⑤ | D．②④ |
What can we infer from the 3rd paragraph?
| A．All spiders are dangerous and one bite from each of them can be very serious. . |
| B．The black widow spider is actually beneficial to humans. |
| C．Spiders always make themselves comfortable in quiet place in your house. |
| D．One should squash a spider at first sight to keep safety. |
In the author’s opinion, __________.
| A．No matter what kind of animal bites you, there is no danger at all. |
| B．One should treat rabid animal bites properly within 2 days. |
| C．Humans in the US can be bitten by rabid animals frequently. |
| D．Hundreds of rabid animal-bite people visit emergency room daily in the US. |