Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it's painful ? This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.
During the hours when you labour through your work you may say that you're "hot". That's true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak . For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening No one has discovered why this is so , but it leads to such familiar monologues（自言自语） as : "Get up, John! You'll be late for work again !" The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and -energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.
You can't change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes . Maybe you're sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway . Counteract（对抗/抵消）your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to .If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This won't change your cycle, but you'll get up steam and work better at your low point.
Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch . Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor . Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours.If you wants to work more efficiently at your how point in the morning, you should _____.
| A．change his energy cycle | B．overcome his laziness |
| C．get up earlier than usual | D．go to bed earlier |
You are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will _____.
| A．help to keep your energy for the day's work |
| B．help you to control your temper early in the day |
| C．enable you to concentrate on your routine work |
| D．keep your energy cycle under control all day |
What’s the best title of the passage?
| A．Change Your Habits | B．Save Your Energy |
| C．Daily Energy Cycle | D．Temperature- and-Energy Peak |
The text is probably taken from a _________.
| A．news report | B．research paper | C．medical textbook | D．fashion journal |
By the mid-nineteenth century, the term "icebox" had entered the American language, but ice was still only beginning to affect the diet of ordinary citizens in the United States. The ice trade grew with the growth of cities. Ice was used in hotels, taverns(酒馆), and hospitals, and by some forward-looking city dealers in fresh meat, fresh fish, and butter. After the Civil War (1861-1865), as ice was used to refrigerate freight cars, it also came into household use. Even before 1880, half of the ice sold in New York, Philadelphia, and Baltimore, and one-third of that sold in Boston and Chicago, went to families for their own use. This had become possible because a new household convenience, the icebox, a precursor (前身) of the modern fridge, had been invented.
Making an efficient icebox as not as easy as we might now suppose. In the early nineteenth century, the knowledge of the physics of heat, which was essential to a science of refrigeration, was rudimentary(未发展的). The commonsense notion that the best icebox was one that prevented the ice from melting was of course mistaken, for it was the melting of the ice that performed the cooling. Nevertheless, early efforts to economize ice included wrapping up the ice in blankets, which kept the ice from doing its job. Not until near the end of the nineteenth century did inventors achieve the delicate balance of insulation(绝缘) and circulation needed for an efficient icebox.
But as early as 1803, and ingenious Maryland farmer, Thomas Moore, had been on the right track. He owned a farm about twenty miles outside the city of Washington, for which the village of Georgetown was the market center. When he used an icebox of his own design to transport his butter to market, he found that customers would pass up the rapidly melting stuff in the tubs of his competitors to pay a premium price(高价) for his butter, still fresh and hard in neat, one-pound bricks. One advantage of his icebox, Moore explained, was that farmers would no longer have to travel to market at night in order to keep their produce cool.Where was ice used after the Civil War?
| A．In refrigerating freight cars and households. |
| B．In hotels, taverns and hospitals |
| C．In families of New York, Philadelphia, and Baltimore. |
| D．In fresh meat, fish and butter by city dealers. |
What was essential to to make an icebox efficient according to the passage?
| A．Keeping the ice from melting |
| B．Knowledge of the physics of heat. |
| C．Balance of insulation and circulation |
| D．Making efforts to reduce the use of ice |
The second paragraph is mainly about_____
| A．the deveopment of icebox |
| B．the theoretical foundation of icebox |
| C．the wrong ideas about icebox |
| D．the way of using icebox |
What can we infer from the text?
| A．Thomas Moore is the inventor of modern fridge |
| B．The butter produced by Thomas Moored is better in quality than other famers’ |
| C．Knowledge of the physics of heat plays an important part in inventing a good icebox |
| D．Before 1880, most of the sold ice was used for family use. |
Without an ice box, farmers had to go to the market at night ________.
| A．to sell their produce at high price |
| B．to go home earlier |
| C．to keep their produce fresh |
| D．to win more customers than their competitors |
We once had a poster competition in our fifth grade art class.
“You could win prizes,” our teacher told us as she wrote the poster information on the blackboard. She passed out sheets of construction paper while continuing, “The first prize is ten dollars. You just have to make sure that the words on the blackboard appear somewhere on your poster.”
We studied the board critically. Some of us looked with one eye and held up certain colors against the blackboard, rocking the sheets to the right or left while we conjured up our designs. Others twisted their hair around their fingers or chewed their erasers while deep in thought. We had plans for that ten-dollar grand prize, each and every one of us. I’m going to spend mine on candies, one hopeful would announce, while another practiced looking serious, wise and rich.
Everyone in the class made a poster. Some of us used parts of those fancy paper napkins, while others used nothing but colored construction paper. Some of us used big designs, and some of us preferred to gather our art tidily down in one corner of our poster and let the space draw the viewer’s attention to it. Some of us would wander past the good students’ desks and then return to our own projects with a growing sense of hopelessness. It was yet another grown-up trick of the sort they seemed especially fond of, making all of us believe we had a fair chance, and then always—always—rewarding the same old winners.
I believe I drew a sailboat, but I can’t say that with any certainty. I made it. I admired it. I determined it to be the very best of all of the posters I had seen，and then I turned it in.
Minutes passed.
No one came along to give me the grand prize, and then someone distracted me, and I probably never would have thought about that poster again.
I was still sitting at my desk, thinking, What poster? when the teacher gave me an envelope with a ten-dollar bill in it and everyone in the class applauded for me.What was the teacher’s requirement for the poster?
| A．It must appear in time. |
| B．It must be done in class. |
| C．It must be done on a construction sheet. |
| D．It must include the words on the blackboard. |
The underlined phrase in Paragraph 3 most probably means ________.
| A．formed an idea for |
| B．made an outline for |
| C．made some space for |
| D．chose some colors for |
After the teacher’s words, all the students in the class________.
| A．looked very serious |
| B．thought they would be rich |
| C．began to think about their designs |
| D．began to play games |
After seeing the good students’ designs, some students________.
| A．loved their own designs more |
| B．thought they had a fair chance |
| C．put their own designs in a corner |
| D．thought they would not win the prize |
We can infer from the passage that the author________.
| A．enjoyed grown up tricks very much |
| B．loved poster competitions very much |
| C．felt surprised to win the competition |
| D．became wise and rich after the competition |
I was walking along the deserted main street of a small seaside town in the north of England looking somewhere to make a phone call. My car had broken down outside the town and I wanted to get in touch with the Automobile Association .Low gray clouds were drifting across the sky and there was a cold damp wind blowing off the sea. It had rained in the night and water was dripping from the bare trees that lined the street. I was glad that I was wearing a thick coat.
I could see no call box, nor was there anyone at that early hour I could ask. I had thought I might find a shop selling the Sunday papers or a milkman doing his job, but the town was completely dead.
Then suddenly I found what I was looking for. There was a small post office, and almost hidden from sight in a dark narrow street next to it was the town's only public call box, which badly needed a coat of paint, I hurried forward but stopped in astonishment when I saw through the dirty glass that there was a man inside. He was very fat, and was wearing a cheap blue plastic raincoat and rubber boots. I could not see his face - he was bending forward over the phone with his back pressed against the glass and didn't even raise his head at the sound of my coming nearer and nearer. Carefully and surprisedly, I remained standing a few feet away and lit a cigarette to wait my turn. It was when I threw the dead match on the ground that I noticed something bright red trickling from under the call box door.The author was walking through the small seaside town__________.
| A．late morning | B．before midnight | C．early morning | D．late evening |
The weather of the day was ____, when the story happened.
| A．stormy, damp and clear |
| B．windy, cold and cloudy |
| C．rainy, cold and clear |
| D．rainy, windy and cold |
Why was the author astonished when he saw that there was a man in the call box? Because___
| A．the man inside was still wearing a raincoat |
| B．he didn't expect it to be taken up |
| C．the man had his back with him |
| D．the man did not seem to be moving |
The author waited, standing a few feet away from the box because____.
| A．it was bad manners to overhear other's phone calls |
| B．the man didn't notice his coming |
| C．he wanted to have a cigarette to calm himself down |
| D．it was not safe to be close to the box |
What do you suppose happened to the man in the call box?
| A．He slept. |
| B．He was too fat to move around. |
| C．He was lost in his important phone call. |
| D．He had most probably been killed. |
Chinese female film stars, like Gong Li and Zhang Ziyi, due to the charm of their films, have set a good image for Chinese women in the world. Compared with Chinese women, the image of Chinese men is not so good in the eyes of Western women, the Shanghai Evening Post reported.
In March 2006, Zhang Jiehai, a doctorate（博士学位） holder at the Sociology Institute of the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, led a research team to investigate how Western women look at Chinese men. The survey shows that many Western women think Chinese men are mostly known for their care for the family. Chinese men, as the Western women say, are willing to spend money for women. As to their shortcomings, Western women think that Chinese men do not have good manners and that some Chinese men have the habit of spitting everywhere, keeping nails and hair long, picking their noses and ears in public places, and not cleaning their teeth thoroughly. These bad habits make many Western women think that Chinese men are unwilling to take care of their personal image.
The survey was carried out in two ways, by questionnaires and interviews. All the respondents（调查对象） agreed that Chinese men show much tender loving care for the family and that many Chinese men do know how to respect women. They open the door for women and carry their handbags for them. For some American women, the bad image of Chinese men in the world is largely because of Hollywood films. In many Hollywood films, Chinese men usually do not have a good image. But this has been changed by Hong Kong film star Chow Yun-Fat. After the Chinese film Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon was shown in cinemas in the United States in 2002, many Westerners began to change their impression of Chinese men.Which statement best expresses the main idea of the first paragraph?
| A．Chinese female film stars enjoy as great fame as Chinese male film stars in the world. |
| B．Chinese male film stars do not perform well in their films in the eyes of Western women. |
| C．Chinese female film stars don’t like Western male film stars. |
| D．Chinese female film stars have set a good image for Chinese women. |
Which is NOT mentioned as the shortcoming of Chinese men in Paragraph 2?
| A．Spitting everywhere. |
| B．Speaking too loudly in public places. |
| C．Not cleaning their teeth thoroughly. |
| D．Picking their noses and ears in public places. |
In some American women’s eyes, Chinese men’s images are bad because of ______.
| A．Chinese female film stars |
| B．Chinese male film stars |
| C．Hollywood films |
| D．Film stars in Hong Kong |
What does the passage mainly deal with?
| A．Chinese men in the eyes of Western women. |
| B．Foreign film stars and Chinese film stars. |
| C．Chinese women in the eyes of Western men. |
| D．Chinese film stars in Hollywood films. |
Sea turtles come in many different sizes, shapes and colors. The shell of each sea turtle species is different in length, color, shape and the arrangement of the scales（鳞片）.
Sea turtles do not have teeth but use their jaws （下巴）to eat. Their sense of smell is excellent. Their eyesight underwater is good, but they have near-sighted eyes out of water. Their special bodies make them adapt to life at sea. However, sea turtles maintain（保持） close ties to land.
Female sea turtles have to go to the seaside to lay their eggs in the sand; therefore, all baby sea turtles begin their lives on land. Most research on sea turtles has been focused on female turtles nesting and the baby sea turtles in the nest, largely because they can be found most easily. After decades of studying sea turtles, much has been learned about. However, many mysteries（谜） still remain.
Researchers do not yet know how long baby turtles spend in the open sea, or exactly where they go. People believe they spend their earliest years floating in the sea, where they do little more than eat and grow. Once turtles reach dinner-plate size, they appear at feeding grounds in waters near the shore. They grow slowly and take between 15 and 50 years to grow old enough to bear baby sea turtles, depending on the species. There is no way to know the age of a sea turtle from its physical appearance. It is believed that some species can live for over 100 years.Which of the following statements is NOT true about sea turtles?
| A．They don’t use teeth to eat. |
| B．They have a good sense of smell. |
| C．Sea turtles are more adaptable to life at sea. |
| D．Different species have different shells. |
The underlined phrase “near-sighted eyes” in the second paragraph means_____.
| A．good eyesight | B．bad eyes |
| C．excellent eyes | D．poor eyesight |
Which of the following questions is answered in the text?
| A．Why do female turtles lay eggs on land? |
| B．Why can’t people tell how old a sea turtle is from its appearance? |
| C．Where do the baby turtles usually go? |
| D．Do sea turtles grow very fast? |
What would be the best title for the text?
| A．Mysteries About Sea Turtles |
| B．Baby and Female Sea Turtles |
| C．The Growth of Different Sea Turtles |
| D．The Characteristics（特点） of Sea Turtles |