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It’s really true what people say about English politeness: it’s everywhere. When squeezing past someone in a narrow passage, people say “sorry”. When getting off a bus, English passengers say “thank you” rather than the driver. In Germany, people would never dream of doing these things. After all, squeezing past others is sometimes unavoidable, and the bus driver is only doing his job. I used to think the same way, without questioning it, until I started traveling to the British Isles, and here are some more polite ways of interacting  with people in UK.
People thank each other everywhere in England, all the time. When people buy something in a shop, customer and shop assistant in most cases thank each other twice or more. In Germany, it would be exceptional to hear more than one thank you in such a conversation. British students thank their lecturers when leaving the room. English employers thank their employees for doing their jobs, as opposite to Germans, who would normally think that paying their workers money is already enough.
Another thing I observed during my stay was that English people rarely criticize others. Even when I was working and mistakes were pointed out to me, my employers emphasized several times but none of their explanations were intended as criticism. It has been my impression that by avoiding criticism, English people are making an effort to make others feel comfortable. This also is showed in other ways. British men still open doors for women, and British men are more likely to treat women to a meal than German men. However, I do need to point out here that this applies to English men a bit more than it would to Scottish men! Yes, the latter are a bit tightfisted.
What is the author’s attitude towards English politeness?

A.He thinks it is unnecessary. B.He thinks little of it.
C.He appreciates it very much. D.He thinks it goes too far.

What can be inferred from the passage?

A.German men never treat a woman to dinner.
B.The author think it’s unnecessary to say “thank you” to the bus driver.
C.In Germany, employers often say “thank you” to employees for their job.
D.Germans think it is unnecessary to thank workers because payment is enough.

We can learn from the last paragraph that Scottish men ______.

A.like to fight with each other B.treat women in a polite way
C.are as generous as English men D.are unwilling to spend money for women

The author develops the text through the method of ______.

A.making comparisons B.telling stories C.giving reasons D.giving examples
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Riding School:
You can start horse-riding at any age. Choose private or group lessons any weekday between 9 a. m.and 8:30 p.m.(3:30 p.m.on Saturdays). There are 10 kilometers of tracks and paths for leisurely rides across farmland and open country. You will need a riding hat.
Opening Hours: Monday through Friday:9:00 a.m.—8:30 p.m.
Phone: (412) 396---6754 Fax: (412)396---6752
Sailing Club:
Our Young Sailor’s Course leads to the Stage 1 Sailing qualification. You’ll learn how to sail safely and the course also covers sailing theory and first aid. Have fun with other course member, afterwards in the clubroom. There are 10 weekly two-hour lessons (Tuesday 6:00 p.m—8:00p.m)
Opening Hours:Tuesdays:6:00p.m—8:00 p.m.
Phone: (412)396—6644 Fax: (412)396—6644
Diving Center:
Our experienced instructors offer one-month courses in deep-sea diving for beginners. There are two evening lessons a week, in which you learn to breathe underwater and use the equipment safely. You only need a swimming costume and towel. Reduced rates for couples.
Opening Hours: Monday and Friday:6:30p.m-8:30p.m.
Phone: (412)396-6312 Fax: (412)396-6706
Medical Center:
The staff of the Medical Center aim to provide convenient and comprehensive medical care to students and staff of the university. The center is well equipped and the staff here are trained to deal with a broad range of medical problems. Both female and male doctors as well as nursing staff are available for consultation. Also, all kinds of medicines are sold here and are cheaper for students than other drugstores.
Opening Hours: 24 hours from Monday to Sunday
Phone:(412)396—6649 Fax:(412) 396—6648
Watersports Club:
We use a two-kilometer length of river for speedboat racing and water-skiing.A beginners’ course consists of ten 20-minute lessons. You will learn to handle boats safely and confidently, but must be able to swim. The club is in a convenient central position and is open daily from 9 a. m to 4 p.m, with lessons all through the day.
Opening Hours: Monday through Friday: 9:00a.m.—4:00 p.m.
Phone: (412)39606899 Fax: (412) 396-6890
If you want to swim and enjoy activities which are fast and a bit dangerous, you should join _____.

A.Diving Center B.Watersports Club
C.Riding School D.Sailing Club

If you want to experience a new activity in the countryside in the mornings, you may fax ______.

A.(412) 396-6706 B.(412) 396-6648
C.(412) 396-6876 D.(412) 396-6752

If you are planning to explore the ocean depths, you should attend your lessons at___.

A.Monday through Friday:7:00a.m.——10:00 p.m.
B.24 hours from Monday to Sunday
C.Monday and Friday:6:30p.m.—8:30p.m.
D.Tuesdays:6:00p.m.—8:00p.m.

You want to do an activity one evening a week and get a certificate in the end, you can go to _________.

A.Diving Center B. Watersports Club
C.Riding School D.Sailing Club

Which is NOT the convenience that the Medical Center provides?

A.Well trained staff members.
B.Good equipment.
C.Nursery for newly-born babies.
D.Various less expensive medicines.

Ask most people anywhere in the world what they want out of life and the reply will probably be: “to be happy.” Ed Deiner, an American psychology professor, has spent his whole professional life studying what makes people happy, comparing levels of happiness between cultures and trying to find out exactly why we enjoy ourselves.
Many people would say that this question does not need an answer. But Professor Deiner has one anyway. “If you’re a cheerful, happy person, your marriage is more likely to last, and you’re more likely to make money and be successful at your job. On average, happy people have stronger immune systems, and there is some evidence that they live longer.”
So who are the world’s happiest people? It depends on how the word is defined. There is individual happiness, the sense of joy we get when we do something we like. But there is also the feeling of satisfaction we get when we know that others respect us and approve of how we behave. According to Professor Deiner, the Western world pursues individual happiness while Asia prefers mutual satisfaction.
“In the West, the individualistic culture means that your mood matters much more than it does in the East. People ask themselves if they are doing what is fun or interesting. They become unhappy when they can’t do any of these things. If you ask people from Japan or China if they are happy, they tend to look at what has gone wrong in their lives. If not much has gone wrong, then they are satisfied.”
People from Spain and other Spanish-speaking countries had the happiest culture, Professor Deiner found. “The biggest cultural difference is to do with pride and shame. Hispanic (西班牙语言的) cultures report much more pride and much less shame than others.”
Income also made a big difference to people’s happiness, but only at the lowest levels. Average income earners in the US were much happier than people in poverty. But millionaires were only a little bit happier than people on average incomes. It seems that money makes us happy when we have enough to feel secure.
According to the passage, happy people enjoy the following benefits EXCEPT ______.

A.a long marriage
B.better health
C.profession success
D.respect from others

In Professor Deiner’s opinion, ______.

A.Asians focus more on others’ respect and approval than westerners
B.Westerners care more about mutual satisfaction than Asians
C.Asians have a culture to enjoy individual happiness
D.Westerners value individual happiness as much as mutual satisfaction

What can be inferred from the fifth paragraph?

A.Hispanic cultures lay stress on pride and shame.
B.Spanish people take too much pride in themselves.
C.Attitude towards pride and shame results in Spanish happiness.
D.If you are from Spain, you are the happiest.

In the last paragraph, the author seems to tell us ______.

A.poor people enjoy the same happiness as millionaires.
B.the higher income one gets, the happier life he lives
C.enough money can make us feel safe and happy
D.average income earners live the happiest life

The passage mainly discusses______.

A.Hispanic cultures
B.reasons for happiness
C.the happiest culture
D.benefits of happiness

One windy spring day, I observed young people having fun using the wind to fly their kites. Multicolored creations of varying shapes and sizes filled the skies like beautiful birds dashing and dancing in the exciting atmosphere above the earth. As the strong winds gusted against the kites, a string kept them in check.
Instead of blowing away with the wind, they arose against it to achieve great heights. They shook and pulled, but the controlling string and the clumsy tail kept them in tow(牵引), facing upward and against the wind. As the kites struggled and trembled against the string, they seemed to say, “Let me go! Let me go! I want to be free!” They flew beautifully even as they fought the forced restriction of the string. Finally, one of the kites succeeded in breaking loose. “Free at last,” it seemed to say. “Free to fly with the wind.”
Yet freedom from control simply put it at the mercy of an unsympathetic gentle wind. It flew ungracefully to the ground and landed in a twisted mass of weeds and string against a dead bush. “Free at last”. Free to lie powerless in the dirt, to be blown helplessly along the ground, and to settle down lifeless against the first roadblock.
How much like kites we sometimes are. There always exist misfortunes and restrictions, rules to follow from which we can grow and gain strength. Prohibition is a necessary counterpart to the winds of opposition. Some of us pulled at the rules so hard that we never fly fast to reach the heights we might have obtained. If we keep all the commandment(戒律), we will never rise high enough to get our tails off the ground.
Let us each rise to the great heights, recognizing that some of the prohibitions are actually the steady force that helps us climb and achieve.
In the passage the writer watched _____.

A.many young people enjoying the sunny day
B.many birds dashing and dancing in the sky
C.many young people flying multicolored kites
D.the strong winds blowing against the sky

What enables a kite fly gracefully in the sky according to the story?

A.The kite itself and strange shapes.
B.A long string and blowing wind.
C.A windy spring day and blue sky.
D.The size of the kite and a long string.

What didn’t happen to the freed kite?

A.It kept flying freely in the air.
B.It lay powerless in the dirt.
C.It was trapped in a dead bush.
D.It was blown helplessly around.

What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage?

A.To give up tips on how to fly kites effectively.
B.To warn us that freedom is actually powerless.
C.To explain that restrictions are really unnecessary.
D.To teach us a lesson that rules are important in life.

Which of the following is the best title of the passage?

A.Fly with Restrictions
B.Where to Fly
C.Why to Fly Kites
D.Fly to Freedom

It’s a tradition that dates back to the 1930s’ and it’s designed to give all children in Finland, no matter what background they’re from, an equal start in life.
The maternity(母性) package — a gift from the government — is available to all expectant mothers. It contains bodysuits, a sleeping bag, outdoor gear, bathing products for the baby as well as nappies, bedding and a small mattress.
With the mattress at the bottom, the box becomes a baby’s first bed. Many children, from all social backgrounds, have their first naps within the safety of the box’s four cardboard walls.
The tradition dates back to 1938. At first, the scheme was only available to families on low incomes, but that changed in 1949. In the 1930s Finland was a poor country and the infant death rate was high — 65 out of 1,000 babies died. But the figure decreased rapidly in the decades that followed. Over 75 years, the box has been an established part of the Finnish rite(仪式) of a passage to motherhood, uniting generations of women.
Reija Klemetti, a 49-year-old woman from Helsinki, remembers going to the post office to receive a box for one of her children. “My partner Milla and I were living in London when we had our first child, Jasper, so we weren’t eligible (有资格) for a free box. But Milla’s parents didn’t want us to miss out, so they bought one and put it in the post office. We couldn’t wait to open the box. There were all the clothes I had expected, with the addition of a snowsuit for Finland's cold winter.”
“We now live in Helsinki and have just had our second child, Annika. She did get a free box, from the Finnish government. This felt to me like evidence that someone cared — someone wanted our baby to have a good start in life,” Reija Klemetti said.
In Finland the maternity package is probably seen as a symbol of_____.

A.wealth
B.equality
C.pride
D.fame

The fourth paragraph implies that_____.

A.the rich refused to use the boxes
B.there were not enough boxes at first
C.the boxes were given to poor families only
D.the boxes helped cut down the death rate of babies

Why couldn’t Reija Klemetti get a free box when her first child was born?

A.They were not citizens of Finland.
B.They lived outside Finland.
C.They didn't apply for the box.
D.They had got one from their neighbors.

How did Reija Klemetti feel when she received the box from the post office?

A.Worried. B.Disappointed.
C.Puzzled. D.Excited.

What did Reija Klemetti want to tell us in the last paragraph?

A.A free box came at last.
B.She was longing for a free box for her child.
C.She returned to Finland to get a free box.
D.The free box gave her a feeling of warmth.

Dear Guest,
Welcome to Pacific International Apartments. At present we are updating our information folders in the rooms so as to assist you during your stay. Please note the following:
Phone number
Reception Dial 7
Housekeeping Dial 4
Apartment-to Apartment: Dial the Apartment number(except 1st floor Apartments: dial the Apartment number followed by the﹟key)
Outside line: Dial 0, wait for dial tone, and then the number required.
Please keep your key with you at all times. The main doors to the apartments are locked from 10:30pm— 07:00am, and you will need to swipe your key to gain access to the apartments.

Please see reception for any advice on tours and Sydney’s attractions, and please dial 7 if you require any further information.
We hope your stay with us is an enjoyable one.
Kind regards!
Paul Williams
Guest Services Manager
How can you dial from your room in Pacific to Room 115 on the 1st floor?

A.Just dial 115.
B.Dial 6, then 115.
C.Dial 115 and press the﹟key.
D.Press the﹟key, then dial 115.

A guest who wants to go back to his room in Pacific at 11:45 pm can _____.

A.open the main door with his key
B.dial 0, and phone the reception
C.go to his room via the reception
D.use the lifts

In case of fire in Pacific, guests should _____.

A.dial 7 and wait for the hotel security’s instructions
B.take their keys and leave Pacific by way of lifts
C.leave Pacific through the fire exits
D.be together with the Fire Brigade

What does the underlines word “evacuation” mean in English?

A.concentrating in a place
B.withdrawing from a place
C.searching for a place
D.taking up a place

This letter most probably appears in _____.

A.a guest’s room
B.the official guide
C.a staff member’s office
D.advertisements for hotel

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